Geography Study Notes PDF

1.Movement - Helps explain how people, goods, and ideas get from one place to another 2.Region -an area that has a similar climate, land, population, culture, or history to another area 3.Human-Environment Interaction - how people interact with (affect/shape) physical characteristics of their envi...

1.Movement - Helps explain how people, goods, and ideas get from one place to another 2.Region -an area that has a similar climate, land, population, culture, or history to another area 3.Human-Environment Interaction - how people interact with (affect/shape) physical characteristics of their environment and how their natural environment affects them 4.Location - Where a place is located (relative - what it is near; absolute - coordinates or address) 5.Place - the physical and human characteristics (features) of an area Know the parts of maps and what they are used for: 6.key/legend - explains what the symbols/colors represent on a map 7.Scale - gives you the relative distance on the map to the real world 8.Compass rose - tells the cardinal directions (N, S, E, W) and intermediate directions (NW, NE, SW, SE) 9.Physical maps - Shows physical geographic features such as landforms and terrain 10.Political maps - show boundaries, cities, and capital. 11\. Latitude lines -imaginary lines that run east and west, but measure north and south of the equator (called parallels) 12\. Longitude lines -imaginary lines that run north and south, but measure east or west of the Prime Meridian 13.How many time zones are there in the continental U.S. ? 4 14.Earth to revolve around the sun? 365 ¼ days 15.Earth to make one rotation on its axis? 24 hours 16.Inner core - extremely hot, solid sphere found in the center of the Earth 17.Outer core - a liquid layer of the Earth surrounding the inner core 18.Mantle - dense layer made of hot semi-rock located between the crust and outer core 19.Crust - hard and rigid, the Earth's outermost layer 20.Weathering -Breaking down of rock into smaller pieces by chemicals, water, and wind 21.Erosion - Removal of small pieces of rock by water, ice, or wind 22.Deposition - dropping (depositing) eroded material and creating new landforms 23\. How are mountains formed? When two plates collide and push against each other 24.Weather - conditions of the air and sky at a certain time and place (short-term) 25.Climate - average weather conditions of a place (long-term) Why is it warm all year near the Equator? The sun is nearly overhead year round, where it is stronger 26.Tropical - warm year-round 27.Temperate - has four distinct seasons 28.Polar - significant temperature changes throughout the whole year; bitterly cold temperatures in the winter 29.Renewable resources - can be replaced in a short period of time (wind, solar, hydropower, biomass, etc..) 30.Non-renewable resources - takes millions of years to replace or cannot be replaced at all (ex: oil, natural gas, nuclear power, etc..) 31.Push factors - Reasons people leave and area 32.Pull factors - Reasons people come to an area