Industrial Revolution Standards Exploration & Sharing PDF

The Industrial Revolution (SSWH15) Table of Contents Page 1: the process and impact of industrialization in Great Britain, Germany, and Japan. Page 2: the political and economic ideas of Adam Smith and Karl Marx. Page 3: the social impact of urbanization + women and children.  Analyze the proc...

The Industrial Revolution (SSWH15) Table of Contents Page 1: the process and impact of industrialization in Great Britain, Germany, and Japan. Page 2: the political and economic ideas of Adam Smith and Karl Marx. Page 3: the social impact of urbanization + women and children.  Analyze the process and impact of industrialization in Great Britain, Germany, and Japan. Industrialization began in 12th century Song China but surged in 18th century Britain due to abundant resources (coal,Iron,Waterways, and Harbors.) and the Agricultural Revolution that began in the 18th century due to exploration and enclosure legislation (the process that ended traditional rights on common land formerly held in the open field system). This led to increased efficiency, population growth, and displacement leading to urbanization. Crop rotation and selective breeding became more popular and along with this capital and labor was established which were two more ingredients for industrialization all of this coming together to produce division of labor and mass production in Britain.  Analyze the process and impact of industrialization in Great Britain, Germany, and Japan. Industrialization saw rapid mechanization, starting in the textile industry with key inventions like the spinning jenny (1764), water frame (1769), power loom (1784), and cotton gin (1793), fully mechanizing cloth production by the 1800s. Innovations like steam power, interchangeable parts, and improved iron production boosted efficiency and lowered costs. James Watt's steam engine (1764) ended dependence on waterways, while Eli Whitney's interchangeable parts (1801) improved quality and reduced costs, spreading to other industries.  Analyze the process and impact of industrialization in Great Britain, Germany, and Japan. The Treaty of Kanagawa, a treaty that granted Japan trading privileges, marked a significant turning point in Japanese history. The treaty opened Japan to US business interests, but it also led to a rebellion against the shogun, who was seen as weak and incompetent. In 1868, the Meiji Restoration was formed, aiming to prevent Japan from falling victim to imperialism. The government instituted reforms to make Japan a modern country, sending students to study in the US, Britain, and Germany. They also established a network of public education, a modern conscript army, navy, and imperial government bureaucracy. The government established state-owned factories, which were sold to private investors called zaibatsu, to fund these reforms. The Meiji government's efforts were successful, and Japan became an imperial power by 1900. However, industrialization also led to the decline of the old social order and the rise of a new urban middle class. The Russo-Japanese War in 1905 further impacted Japan's status as a modern nation. Examine the political and economic ideas of Adam Smith Adam Smith's "The Wealth of Nations" critiques mercantilism and advocates for Laissez-faire capitalism, arguing that individual self-interest leads to societal benefits when government minimizes economic interference. His principles influenced 19th-century economic policies. 1. Division of Labor: Specialization increases productivity, exemplified by pin manufacturing. 2. Invisible Hand: Self-interest promotes societal economic well-being through the production of desired goods. 3. Market Forces: Free markets self-regulate via supply and demand, ensuring resource efficiency. 4. Role of Government: Minimal intervention needed for protecting rights, enforcing contracts, and public infrastructure. 5. Value and Labor: Goods' value derives from labor involved in production. 6. Economic Growth: Wealth creation enhances living standards, focusing on goods and services. Examine the political and economic ideas of Karl Marx Karl Marx "The Communist Manifesto" posits economic inequality drives class struggles and predicts a revolution by the working class against the capitalist class. Despite some 20th-century implementation, many revolutions failed to achieve his vision. 1. Marx highlighted the transformation from feudalism to capitalism, emphasizing the rise of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat as the two primary classes in society [Page no.21]. 2. He pointed out that the industrial revolution led to unprecedented developments in production, commerce, and industry, which displaced the feudal system and traditional guilds [Page no.21]. 3. Marx noted that the proletariat, or working class, was increasing in number and becoming more concentrated, which would enhance their collective strength [Page no.33]. 4. He argued that the conditions of the working class were deteriorating, leading to growing pauperism, as they faced precarious livelihoods due to the relentless competition and crises within capitalism [Page no.38]. 5. The manifesto called for the abolition of individual property as a means for the proletariat to gain control over production and address class inequalities [Page no.38]. 6. Marx emphasized that the bourgeoisie constantly revolutionizes production methods, resulting in ongoing social instability and the erosion of traditional social relations [Page no.24]. Examine the political and economic ideas of Adam Smith relation to the SOI Adam Smith's economic theory emphasizes the benefits of free markets and individual self-interest for progress. However, he acknowledges the potential negative impacts, especially for those without power or privilege, such as economic inequality, social dislocation, and monopoly power, which could undermine their security and freedom. Examine the political and economic ideas of Karl Marx relation to the SOI Marx's theories offer a comprehensive understanding of social change dynamics and equity, acknowledging the need for upheaval for justice. However, he also acknowledges potential challenges. As society navigates these ideas, it's crucial to navigate with compassion and security, highlighting the ongoing struggle for fairness. Examine the social impact of urbanization, include: women and children. 1. Women that were married would be at home most of the day. They would be the “homemaker, mother, and moral arbiter of the family”. 2. There were movements by women that were worked to end child labor, slavery, improve the life for poor people, etc. 3. Children of middle class and wealthy families would be in educated to work the same jobs as their parents. 4. Pollution was a very big problem. 5. Men, women, and children worked in different facilities and factories. 6. Diseases and fires were also very common in neighborhoods. Some even received the name “Hell’s Kitchen” citation Bibliography entry for Standards: Georgia Department of Education. Social Studies Georgia Standards of Excellence: World History. Atlanta, GA, Georgia Department of Education, 2015, www.georgiastandards.org/Georgia-Standards/Documents/Social- Studies-World-History-Georgia-Standards.pdf. Sources Primary https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1791machines.asp https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/1786machines.asp Adam Smith: https://www.rrojasdatabank.info/Wealth-Nations.pdf Karl Marx: https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Manifesto.pdf Secondary https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/indrevtabs1.asp Karl Marx and Adam Smith https://study.com/academy/lesson/comparing-the-theories-of-adam-smith-karl-marx.html#:~:text=Lesson%20Summary- ,Who%20Were%20Adam%20Smith%20and%20Karl%20Marx%3F,the%20economy%20and%20society%20function.