SPSC Study Guide 1 PDF

[Chapter 1] **-Know which professions are under the exercise science umbrella** Exercise Physiology (Strength and Conditioning), Registered Dietician (Nutrition), Biomechanics (clinical perf), Sports Pysch., Athletic Training (injury prevention and assessment), Physical Therapy (rehab), Occupation...

[Chapter 1] **-Know which professions are under the exercise science umbrella** Exercise Physiology (Strength and Conditioning), Registered Dietician (Nutrition), Biomechanics (clinical perf), Sports Pysch., Athletic Training (injury prevention and assessment), Physical Therapy (rehab), Occupational Therapy (life applicable rehab) **-Understand the leading causes of death in the US** Heart Disease caused by sedentary behavior **-What is morbidity? What is mortality?** Morbidity- disease **What is mortality?** Morality- death **-Define Exercise Science** The study of various aspects of physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic performance; common characteristic of physical movement and adapatations that occur because of physical activity and regular exercise **-What are the certifications through ACSM listed in the PowerPoint?** Group Exercise Instructor, personal trainer, Exercise Physiologist, Clinical Exercise Physiologist. **-What is ACSM? What is NASM?** American College of Sports Medicine **What is NASM?** National Acadamy of Sports Medicine **Demand of Exercise Science** More participation leads to more needs for coaches, research, and rehab and conditioning. **Breaking the Cycle of Morbidity** Physical inactivity, Deconditioning, Perpetuating pain, Depression, Disability, Catastrophizing, Fear of Movement- reassure the mental side, ensure safety in movement [Chapter 2] **-Understand false negatives and false positives** Type 1 error: rejecting the null hypothesis when its true (false positive) Type 2 error: Not rejecting the null hypothesis when its false (false negative) **-Understand the qualities of research (from the pyramid diagram), which is best/worst, bias, etc** Best: Systematic Review Highest quality collection of evidence and lowest risk of bias Worst: Expert Opinion: Lowest quality of evidence and high risk of bias Other: Random controlled studies, Case Studies **-What does it mean when a test is reliable?** The same test can be performed for the same result over time or by a different person **-What does it mean when a test is valid?** The extent a measuring device measures what it claims to measure **-What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative variables?** Quantitative: analysis through numerical data obtained through direct testing\ Qualitative: analysis through observation or interview in non-numerical data, opinions or beliefs **-What does it mean to be peer reviewed?** Diverse collection of expert peers review the validity and ethics of the research **-What are the independent and dependent variables?** Independent: the variable that can be manipulated to create an effect Dependent: a response or outcome that is being predicted or explained **-Understand the parts of evidence-based practice (EBP)** Continuing to research and evaluate information to apply methods for patients and evaluate outcomes- need for information, find evidence, analyze for validity and impact, combine analysis with client circumstance, evaluate efficiency **-What is bias?** Any impartial part of a study that may effect the validity or inluence the outcome/ results **-What is inclusion and exclusion criteria?** Inclusion: specific characteristics needed to participate in a study Exclusion: specific characterizes that eliminate a subject from a study **-What are longitudinal and cross-sectional studies?** Longitudinal: study conducted over a range of time Cross Sectional: study with data taken from a single point in time **-What are prospective and retrospective studies?** Prospective: creating new data in the now, require permission Retrospective: looking back at previously collected data **-What is a research hypothesis?** Proposed explanation for the specific outcome tested **-What is blinding? single blind and double blind?** Single blind: patients do not know what group they are a part of\ Double Blind: patients and observers do not know what group is which **[Chapter 6]** **-What do ATs and Team Physicians do?** AT: prevention, treatment and rehab of injuries to physically active Patient care, health care informant, evaluation and assessment of injury (SOAP) TP: work with AT to compel medical history, diagnose injury, qualification to return to play, **-What can inactivity lead to?** Injuries can lead to pain, swelling and decreased ROM- which can lead muscle atrophy, decreased strength, endurance, neuromuscular coordination, and bodily functions requiring Therapeutic Intervention **Types of Therapeutic Modalities** Cryotherapy, Cryokinetics, Thermotherapy, Electrotherapy, Massage, Traction, Compression **-Name and define the types of muscle contractions - isometric, isotonic, isokinetic** Isometric: force generation without joint movement Isotonic: force generation with movement in the joint Isokinetic: force generation with movement in the joint at constant speed **-Know the difference between concentric and eccentric contractions** Concentric: shortening of the muscle Eccentric: lengthening of the muscle **-Know the difference between open and closed chain exercises** Open: isolated movement (knee extension) Closed: connected from the ground (squat) **-What is a concussion?- brain hitting the skull** Cerebral concussion: caused by a collision leading to headache, nausea, drowsiness, sensitivity, blurred vision, memory and concentration lost Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: repeated injury to the brain **ACL Injury** More common in females (possibly hormonal, alignment, or strength related), emphasis on eccentric and concentric strengthening of the muscles crossing the knee **-Know generally what an arthroscopic procedure is (vs an open procedure)** Arthroscopic: minimally invasive survey to examine and repair damage to the interior of a joint Open: fully opening the area around a joint, commonly used to place grafts