Methods in Philosophy PDF

Methods in Philosophy Approaches in Doing Philosophy  1.Understand Socratic Method and Methodic Doubt; Objectives: 2.Demarcate Reductionist Philosophy from Holistic Philosophy, and vice versa; and 3.Distinguis...

Methods in Philosophy Approaches in Doing Philosophy  1.Understand Socratic Method and Methodic Doubt; Objectives: 2.Demarcate Reductionist Philosophy from Holistic Philosophy, and vice versa; and 3.Distinguish a holistic perspective from a partial point of view. 2 3  SOCRATIC METHOD It is a method of analyzing a topic by METHODS formulating a series of questions designed IN to analyze its various aspects, and examine and clarify a person’s views on it. PHILOSOPHIZING … it is neither a rhetoric (art of persuasion) nor a debate … maieutic or intellectual Knowledge begins the midwifery moment one admits The participant in the dialogue DO NOT force-fit her ignorance. their own beliefs to others.  THREE STEPS in arriving at the TRUTH METHODS IN 1 Give an initial definition of a thing or a concept “ A table is a four-legged furniture.” PHILOSOPHIZING 2 Look for characteristics not captured in the initial definition SOCRATIC METHOD “Is the table a pig?” 3 Give a new definition “A table is a four-legged furniture, made up of wood, and has a flat surface.”  “A table is a four-legged furniture, made up of wood, has a flat surface, rectangular in shape, and is used primarily for METHODS dining or putting things on it.” IN PHILOSOPHIZING …enables us to move from SOCRATIC METHOD state of “not knowing” to that of “knowing” Eristike can be compared to a debate competition. Dialektike is rather constructive. If in eristike, interlocutors are adversaries, in dialektike they are partners. 7  METHODIC DOUBT METHODS RENE DESCARTES = father of IN modern philosophy PHILOSOPHIZING …sought to understand ‘certainty’. …he eliminated the ideas in his mind that can be doubted. This is METHODIC DOUBT. He doubted Authority I exist and that the I Experience that exists is essentially a thinking Mathematics I – THE COGITO. His existence 9 10 11 12  REDUCTIONIST Reducing complex ideas to their parts or individual constituents METHODS Reductionism focuses on the properties IN of its parts PHILOSOPHIZING HOLISTIC Works under the assumption that all properties in a REDUCTIONIST vs given system cannot be broken down by its HOLISTIC component parts alone, but rather the system as whole entity decides how the individual parts behave. Something is more than the sum of its parts. 14 15  Analytic Philosophy Speculative Philosophy Respect/ Emphasis on Natural Respect/ Emphasis on Sciences Metaphysics Analysis > Synthesis; break down Synthesis > Analysis; speculative content into parts, and examine thinkers are very sympathetic to METHODS such parts for clarification coherence theories, theories are IN not mutually exclusive PHILOSOPHIZING the use of formal logic as a rational a certain “faith” in reason and a tool priori method more emphasis on precision then more emphasis on interconnection; interconnections; analyze issues in tends to ‘overflow’ ANALYTIC vs bit-sized approaches as opposed SPECULATIVE to systematically a preference for clear concise may modify certain terminologies, language, if not outright common or add terminologies sense in some instances related to empiricism related to idealism  FILMSHOWING OPTION 1: OPTION 2 EVERYTHING, PURSUIT OF EVERYWHERE, ALL AT ONCE HAPPYNESS WRITTEN WORK 2: MOVIE ANALYSIS ON THE FILM: OPTION 1: EVERYTHING, EVERYWHERE, ALL AT ONCE OPTION 2 PURSUIT OF HAPPYNESS  GUIDELINES Guide Questions: WRITTEN WORK 2: What philosophical questions does the film raise about the nature of reality and consciousness? How does the film explore the concepts of happiness? MOVIE ANALYSIS What does the film suggest about the meaning of life and the pursuit of happiness? How did the film resonate with you? ON THE FILM: What did you learn about yourself or the world by watching this film? EVERYTHING, Format: EVERYWHERE, ALL The paper shall be written in ENGLISH. AT ONCE Each student shall strictly follow the format: The paper must be word-processed. Spacing is 1.0 Margin is 1 inch (all sides) Paragraph is indented and justified Font style is Times New Roman 12 or Calibri 11 Minimum of 500 words and must not exceed 1000 words. Write the total word count on the left bottom corner. Deadline: august 31, 2024, 12:00 PM, File name format: WW2_Surname  RUBRICS WRITTEN WORK 2: MOVIE ANALYSIS ON THE FILM: OPTION 1: EVERYTHING, EVERYWHERE, ALL AT ONCE OPTION 2 PURSUIT OF HAPPYNESS Methods in Philosophy Approaches in Doing Philosophy