Texas College of Management & IT Past Assignment - English Grammar - 2025 PDF

 **Texas College of Management & IT** **Bachelor of Computer Science (Cyber Security & Network Technology)** 2025-BCS 1^st^ Semester Assignment 1 The Fundamentals of English Grammar Submitted by: Smarika Pudasaini Submitted to : Student Id: 1725 Department of Business Eng...

 **Texas College of Management & IT** **Bachelor of Computer Science (Cyber Security & Network Technology)** 2025-BCS 1^st^ Semester Assignment 1 The Fundamentals of English Grammar Submitted by: Smarika Pudasaini Submitted to : Student Id: 1725 Department of Business English Subject: Business English Section: BCS Sec A Date: 30 January 2025 Table of contents 1. **Introduction** 2. **Task 1: Parallelism** 1. Explanation of Parallelism 3. **Task 2: Finite and Non-finite Verbs** 2. Definition and examples of finite and non-finite verbs 3. Differentiation between finite and non-finite verbs 4. Identification of Verbs 4. **Task 3: Faulty Sentences** 5. About faulty sentences 6. Subject-verb agreement error 7. Run-on Sentence error 8. Pronoun agreement error 9. Semi-colon error 10. Colon error 5. **Task 4: Making a Presentation** 11. Definition of Presentation 12. Purposes of Presentations 13. Parts of an Effective Presentation 14. Elements of a Presentation 6. **Task 5: Modifier Errors** 15. Definition of Modifiers and Explanation of Modifier Errors 16. Types of Modifier Errors with examples 7. **Task 6: Voice** 17. Definition of Active and Passive Voice 18. Examples of Active and Passive Voice 8. **Conclusion** 9. **Reference** 2\. Mixing phrases and clauses: 3\. Mixing tenses: 4\. Mixing voice : **3. Task 2: Finite and Non- Finite verbs** A finite verb in a sentence changes its form when we change the number, person, or tense. For e.g - He gave him a book. - She wants to work. - They love comics. A non-finite verb is a verb in a sentence that changes form when we change the number, person, or tense. For e.g - I like to travel. - I want to be a good human being. - They are dancing. **Differentiation** +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Finite Verbs | Non- Finite Verbs | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | They act as the main verb of a | They act as nouns, adjectives, | | clause. | and adverbs. | | | | | For e.g: My brother helps in the | For e.g: The falling leaves | | kitchen garden. | create a beautiful scene. | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | It indicates person, number, and | It doesn\'t indicate person, | | tense. | number, and tense. | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Appears in present and past | Appears in infinitives, gerunds, | | tense. | and participles. | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | They act as a verb. | They do not act as a verb. | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ Identifying finite and non-finite verbs in given sentences: - I like to watch new series. Finite non-finite - He visited his grandmother yesterday. non-finite - I have been waiting for an hour. Finite non finite - He started the book. non-finite **4. Task 3: Faulty sentences** A faulty sentence is a sentence that contains grammatical, syntactical, or structural errors. **Different errors in faulty sentences:** - Subject-verb agreement Error: This error takes place when subject of the sentence doesn't match with the corresponding verb. e.g : Incorrect: He like chocolates. Correct: He likes chocolates. - Run-on error: This error takes place when two or more independent clauses are joined without proper punctuation or connecting words, e.g : Incorrect: The weather is cold the dogs are shivering. Correct: The weather is cold, and the dogs are shivering. - Pronoun agreement error: This error takes place when the pronoun doesn't match with other nouns or pronouns. e.g: Incorrect: The team celebrated their victory. Correct: The team celebrated its victory. - Semicolon error: This error takes place when a semicolon is not used properly that is used to separate two independent clauses. e.g : Incorrect: I went to the mall I bought a floral dress. Correct: I went to the mall; I bought a floral dress. - Colon error: This error takes place when the colon is not used properly that is used to introduce a list, quotation,etc. e.g : Incorrect: I need to buy dress shoes perfume and makeup. Correct: I need to buy the following: dress, shoes, perfume, and makeup. **5. Task 4: Making a presentation** A presentation is a structured way of delivering information to a mass audience in order to inform, persuade, and create goodwill. **Purpose of presentation:** - Inform: The major purpose of the presentation is to inform the audience. We try our best in order to inform them about the subject matter during the presentation. - Persuade: Another purpose of the presentation is to persuade the audience and create a great impact which will become very beneficial to us. - Create goodwill: We should be able to manipulate the audience to create goodwill which is the main target of the presentation. We should create our influence in such a way that the audience is eager to buy the goodwill. - Introductory Section: Sets the object and its theme. - Main Body: The most important part of the presentation which includes all the information about the presentation. - Conclusion: Summarizes the key points and ends with a call to action or final thoughts. **Elements of a presentation** - Audience analysis: Understanding the audience plays a very important role in a good presentation. We should be able to analyze audience needs and interests. - Communication environment: Creating a welcoming interactive environment helps to create a good bond with the audience. - Personal appearance: Dressing properly helps to convey professionalism. - Visual aids: Using diagrams, slides, and charts make the presentation interesting. - Opening and closing: A good opening helps to grab the attention of the audience and a good closing helps to convey our message effectively among the audience. - Organization of presentation: A proper organization provides a smooth flow to the presentation that helps to provide a better understanding. - Body language: A good body language conveys professionalism. - Voice Quality: A loud clear voice makes a big difference. If your voice is not clear the audience will not be able to catch up with you and the presentation will turn out as we expected. - Language and words: We should be very cautious of our words while giving the presentation. We must be very polite and courteous in order to ace the presentation. - Answering questions: Engaging with the audience is an important element of presentation. We should listen to their queries and also put forward some questions too. **6. Task 5: Modifier** Modifiers are words, phrases, or clauses that provide more information about other elements in a sentence such as nouns, verbs, etc. They are important for effective communication as they make writing clear and descriptive. Modifier errors occur when a modifier is placed in the sentence in such a way that it mistranslates the whole sentence. It incorrectly modifies the wrong word or phrase. The types of modifiers include: 1\. Dangling Modifiers When a word or a phrase has no clear word to modify it, we have a dangling modifier on our hands. This often leads to ambiguity of the entire sentence. Example for Dangling Modifiers: Incorrect: The bus was missed because I was running late. Correct: I was running late and I missed the bus. 2\. Misplaced Modifiers This type of modifier occurs when a modifier, such as an adverb, is placed too far from where it is intended to go. This leads to unintentional meanings or just causes confusion. Example of Misplaced Modifiers: Incorrect: She drove almost the whole five hours. Correct: She drove for nearly five hours. 3\. Squinting Modifiers In some cases, one word may be able to modify two different words in the sentences which leads to ambiguity like who is the modifier meant to describe. Example of a Squinting Modifier: Incorrect: She almost drove the car to the school every day. Correct: She drove the car to the school almost every day. **7. Task 5: Voice** Active voice is the one where the subject performs the action of the verb. e.g - Sita baked the cake. - I watched a new series. - The teacher provided us with assignments. - The painter painted the wall. - He solved the mathematical problems. Passive voice is the one where the subject receives the action. e.g - The cake was baked by Sita. - A new series was watched by me. - Assignments were provided to us by the teacher. - The wall was painted by the painter. - The mathematical problem was solved by him. **8. Conclusion:** This assignment has explored understanding of English grammar. The topic includes parallelism, finite and non-finite verbs, faulty sentences, presentations, modifiers, and voice. **9. References:** Azar, B. S. (2007). *Understanding and using English grammar* (3rd ed.). Pearson Education. Murphy, R. (2012). *English grammar in use* (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. Strunk, W., & White, E. B. (2000). *The elements of style* (4th ed.). Pearson Education. Swan, M. (2005). *Practical English usage* (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. Declaration of Originality: I hereby declare that this assignment is my original work, and I have referenced all sources as required. I understand that failure to adhere to academic integrity will result in disciplinary action. Student Name : Smarika Pudasaini Student ID: 1725 Signature : Date: 31^st^ January, 2025