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## **FILIPINO BILANG LARANGAN** * This study is rooted in the works of Bernales R., Ravina, E., and Zafra, R.B. (2019), _Filipino sa Iba’t Ibang Disiplina_, Rhoderick V. Nuncio PhD. (2017), _Presentasyong Transdisiplinaryong Araling Filipino: Pagdalumat, Bagong Sipat at Direksyon_, Joseph Salazar,...

## **FILIPINO BILANG LARANGAN** * This study is rooted in the works of Bernales R., Ravina, E., and Zafra, R.B. (2019), _Filipino sa Iba’t Ibang Disiplina_, Rhoderick V. Nuncio PhD. (2017), _Presentasyong Transdisiplinaryong Araling Filipino: Pagdalumat, Bagong Sipat at Direksyon_, Joseph Salazar, _Paputian ng Kamalayan: Pananaliksik at Ang Limot na Kasaysayan ng Pagiging Filipino_, and Virgilio Almario (2016), _Introduksyon sa Saliksik_. * Similar to other fields, Filipino is also a field of study. In line with the third argument and document presented by _TANGGOL WIKA_, Filipino is a discipline, subject matter, and a field of study, and not simply a language for instruction. As a field of study it has the capacity to discuss educational topics such as language, art, history, and culture. * This definition is supported by the definition by the Commission on the Filipino Language, which states that this field is a topic of discussion, a bridge to scholarly expression, and a language used in a variety of contexts. * The ability of the Filipino discipline is also proven by various institutions, along with the language problems encountered in colleges. In a statement by the Filipino Department of Ateneo de Manila University, it stated that Filipino is a field of knowledge, part of professional education, and it presents the language and culture of the nation. Simply put, it contributes to issues inside and outside of academia, and highlights our being Filipino. According to the University of the Philippines, Department of Filipino and Philippine Literature, Filipino has a duty that no other discipline can match. Firstly, it reflects the identity of the Filipino. Secondly, it is a robust conduit for the history of the nation. Thirdly, it is the key to national knowledge. Through these explanations, the ability of the Filipino discipline is strengthened, as it can stand alone and reach any distance as a discipline, just like any other. ### Filipino in Various Fields * While English is arguably the exclusive language for the field of Mathematics, Filipino is proving its capability to be used in this discipline, albeit in its early stages. James Domingo, a professor at the University of Santo Tomas under their Department of Accounting, believes that Filipino is capable of being a language of accounting. Due to the field of accounting being relatively new and being adopted from abroad, this makes accounting concepts challenging to understand. As a result, he has written accounting materials in Filipino, such as _Hairy Potter_ (for accounting processes), _Bentahan_ (for merchandising and manufacturing), and several other titles, such as _The Fault in Our Trial Balance_, _Partnership Accounting_, _Ultimate Accounting_, _Game Ka Na Ba?_, and _Ang Finnacasimpleng Aklat sa Financial Accounting_. These efforts strengthen the idea that Filipino is capable of being used in higher education in this field. * Meanwhile, in research by Dr. Maxima Acelajado, a Mathematics Professor at De La Salle University - Manila, she concludes that, aside from teaching Mathematics in Filipino, it is possible to teach it with this language without sacrificing quality. Through Filipino, she argues, it promotes clarity and better understanding of concepts, as well as ease of communication, which also surfaced as a result of research by Myra S.D. Broadway and Christina Zamora, researchers at the Normal University of the Philippines. Therefore, research continues to support the idea that, even though Mathematics is a technical field, Filipino is capable of fostering a relationship with this field, despite the skepticism of academia. * Although Filipino is not as widely recognized in the technical fields of Mathematics, Science, and Medicine, its foothold in the field of Social Sciences is much stronger. According to the 39 years of experience of Prof. BR Rodil, who teaches Social Sciences at Mindanao State University, he attests that Filipino, as an instructional language for Philippine history or any part, is viable. This is due to the fact that the vocabulary of Filipino, when speaking of the Philippines, is not lacking in any way. He also notes that there are studies that show: 1. The Filipino language has a rich vocabulary for intellectual discourse. 2. Teaching history in Filipino provides more emotional context, making it more engaging, interactive, and lifelike. 3. Students are often more intellectually capable when using their native tongue. 4. As students gain fluency in their native tongue, their confidence in expressing themselves increases. 5. The use of native languages creates a bridge to various cultures in the classroom. 6. The use of native languages both in school and everyday interactions – like when interacting with government or businesses – paves the path towards continuing the struggle started by our ancestors against colonialism. * There is no doubt that the field of languages is closely related to the field of languages. Fields like the humanities – which delve into the very depths of human experience – and philosophy – which seeks to understand the nature of reality – can be completely understood through the language we use to express our emotions. Therefore, the *Filipino* perspective in teaching Social Sciences is crucial in developing a sense of national identity, as a Filipino culture, art, and history. * In this study, take the time to read and understand the following article. It is expected that you will attempt to reflect upon the following guiding questions: ### Paputian ng Kamalayan: Pananaliksik at ang Limot na Kasaysayan ng Pagiging Filipino ni Joseph Salazar 1. What does Salazar mean by the term "whiteness," and how does he connect it to history and being Filipino? 2. How are education and various disciplines in the Philippines currently doing? List the existing conditions. 3. How can research in various fields challenge Western knowledge and social problems in the present? Justify whether or not you agree with this idea. * The approach of a research is rooted in humanities and social sciences. Salazar (2016) highlights the importance of language, communication, and Filipino literature in developing students' thoughts. This is especially true in times when the modern form of colonialism continues to silence the voices of nations. This idea of "whiteness" is the metaphor the author uses to describe how the nation's knowledge is being conquered. * Therefore, every discipline is responsible for achieving literacy in conducting research done in Filipino. The analysis of the existing colonialism of countries like the author’s own, or other conquered countries, is a critical issue analyzed in Salazar’s essay. This has negative implications, such as colonial education and a lack of identity. However, the writer sees the future of having this re-orientation in academia so that it can move in a more progressive direction. * Finally, it is crucial to understand that research is a sharp tool to discover more effective, efficient, and useful tools for achieving more efficient means to improve our lives. As a result, it is the people who critically analyze and rationally discuss the challenges faced by a nation, who can truly be called its caretakers. ### A. Choosing sources * Choosing sources is a crucial part of the research process. As a student, you should read relevant articles in order to develop a foundational understanding of the topic at hand. This step also evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the paper you are constructing. You gather this information from books, articles, and other credible sources. * For today’s researchers, finding sources is relatively simple due to the existence of the internet. However, a lack of discernment when searching online could lead to a lack of credibility in your research. Therefore, the first step is to choose the right information to start with. It also includes searching for relevant articles using reliable databases. [Practical Activity: Use a device with internet access and search using the links provided.] ### B. Summarizing Information * After choosing the right source, you need to know how to summarize information. Summarizing information is the synthesis of information from sources you have either heard or read. The ability to summarize serves to develop and support your thesis. Here are some tips for summarizing effectively: a.) Read carefully through each source and highlight key points. b.) Organize your thoughts logically. c.) Focus on the ideas presented, not simply the author’s opinions. d.) It is recommended to quote directly from the source. e.) Use concrete examples to support your main thesis. ### C. Translation * Give yourself time to read and understand the article. Reflect on the following questions: * Globalization has led to the need to translate one culture to another. One way to do this is through language translation. * Translation is a process of adapting one language to another, and it's a skill that is learned gradually. Just like other skills, translation is honed through practice. The initial language is called the source language and the target language, the language into which the text is being translated. In the case of a Filipino student in “Filipino sa Iba't ibang Disiplina,” you must be willing to translate from English to Filipino. This is especially true when sources about the given topic are written in a foreign language. * In _Ang Pagsasalin Bilang Pagsasanay At Kasanayan_ by Michael Coroza (2015), the author argues that translators must be fluent in the source language, as well as in the culture and context of the original text. Secondly, translators must also be creative in translating the target language. Thirdly, because translation is an interpretation, it’s inevitable that there are a variety of translations. Lastly, just as with any interpretation, a translation must be supported by evidence. The points mentioned emphasize the skills that translators must develop. * Here are some tips by Virgilio Almario aimed at new translators: 1) Write clearly for the target audience. 2) Eliminate unnecessary repetition. 3) Avoid unnecessary adjectives. 4) Use simple language. 5) Use active voice and affirmative statements. 6) Cite sources, experts' quotes, and factual data. 7) Ensure correct spelling and punctuation. 8) Engage the audience. 9) Use new terms. 10) Aim to amaze the reader with the topic. 11) Convince the reader of the purpose of the text. One key aspect of translation is that the translator must consider the target reader. As a researcher in “Filipino sa Iba’t ibang Disiplina,” aim to use the language as both scholars and the public would. This makes your research more relevant and easier to understand. There is no perfect translation but one that is explained and justified. ### D. Topic Selection * If you have successfully completed the initial stages of selecting sources and summarizing information in Filipino, you should already have a clear idea of your chosen topic. The selection of a topic requires a narrowing down of ideas in order to give it focus. To help you with this, here is an example of topic limitations from _Filipino sa Iba’t ibang Disiplina_ by Bernales R., Ravina, E., and Zafra, R.B. (2019). Brainstorm the following questions, which one could inspire the selection of your topic? ### E. Outlining * Outlining assists in organizing information and connecting different ideas. This helps provide direction and set the stage for structuring the study while ensuring that the main points are not lost. It can be done using 1, 2, 3, or 4 tiers. * The tiers are divided into: Heading (I, II, III, etc.), Supporting Idea (A, B, C, etc.), Supporting Idea 2 (1, 2, 3, etc.) and Supporting Idea 3 (a, b, c, etc.). Use the following table for a visual representation. The heading focuses on the main point of the research paper. The supporting ideas provide support for the main idea. Then comes the 2nd layer, which is supporting the supporting idea. Finally comes the last layer, a detail of the 2nd layer. * **One Tier** I. II. * **Two Tier** I. A. B. II. A. B. * **Three Tier** I. A. 1. 2. B. 1. 2. II. A. 1 2. B. 1. 2. * **Four Tier** I. A. 1. a. b. 2. a. b. B. 1. a. b. 2. a. b. II. A. 1. a b. 2. a. b. B. 1 a b. 2. a. b. ### F. Considerations * Once you have developed a topic, there are several considerations to keep in mind including the following: 1. **Data Adequacy** - It is important to conduct an initial review of the sources in order to determine whether or not there are sufficient amounts of information to support your research. If there is not enough data, it may be necessary to find additional sources. 2. **Time Restrictions** - It is vital to take into account the time limit for conducting research. This will help determine the scope of your research and ensure that you can complete it within the allotted time frame. 3. **Financial Capacity** - It is helpful to understand your financial limitations in order to prepare for the costs associated with research. These costs will likely include materials and other items needed for data collection. 4. **Relevance of the Topic** - The research topic should be relevant to current issues and/or should service the community in some way. 5. **Researcher's Interest** - The research topic should be personal to you. This will help you to remain invested and motivated while conducting research.