Reproductive and Genitourinary System (1st Copy) PDF

Reproductive System Kevin: [email protected] PSPANDA Elina: [email protected] JJ: [email protected] Gabin: [email protected] PSPanda  Pelvic Anatomy G...

Reproductive System Kevin: [email protected] PSPANDA Elina: [email protected] JJ: [email protected] Gabin: [email protected] PSPanda  Pelvic Anatomy Gabin: [email protected] Pelvic Girdle The pelvic girdle is formed by the 2 hip bones anteriorly and laterally and the sacrum posteriorly. Hip Bone The hip bone is composed of 2 separate bones which fuse during adolescence and all meet in the cup-shaped acetabulum structure. Ilium Ischium Pubis Sacrum Sacral promontory = articulation between the sacrum and final vertebrae (L5) Also marks the border of the pelvic inlet Articulates with the hip joint at the sacroiliac joint which is held together by 3 ligaments: ○ Anterior sacroiliac ligament ○ Posterior sacroiliac ligament ○ Interosseous sacroiliac ligament Abdominopelvic Cavity The abdominopelvic cavity consists of the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity and can be divided along anatomical boundaries. Greater pelvis/ false pelvis ○ Superior to the pelvic inlet ○ Supports lower abdominal viscera e.g. ileum, sigmoid colon, Lesser pelvis/ true pelvis ○ Inferior to the pelvic inlet ○ Contains pelvic viscera ○ Boundaries of the true pelvis: Superiorly = pelvic inlet Anteriorly = pubic symphysis Posteriorly = sacrum and coccyx Laterally = ischium and ilium Floor = pelvic outlet/ pelvic floor muscle Boundaries of the Pelvic Inlet Pelvic Inlet Most superior pelvic plane and marks the boundary between the lesser and greater pelvis The pelvic inlet is oblique when erect The pelvic brim is the bony margin which defines the pelvic inlet and is formed by specific landmarks ○ Anteriorly = pubic crest (pubic symphysis) ○ Posteriorly = sacral promontory (articulation of L5 vertebrae and sacrum) at the sacrovertebral angle ○ Laterally = iliopectineal line/ linea terminalis Arcuate line of the inner ileum + pectineal line of the superior pubic rami Boundaries of the Pelvic Outlet Pelvic outlet Boundaries ○ Posteriorly = Tip of the coccyx ○ Laterally = ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament ○ Anteriorly = pubic arch Superior to the pelvic outlet/ floor muscles is the pelvic cavity Inferior to the pelvic outlet/ floor muscles is the perineum