Reading on Related Studies PDF

READING ON RELATED STUDIES LESSON 1: SELECTION OF RELATED LITERATURE  WHAT IS RESEARCH? Research is a process of systematic inquiry that entails the collection of data; documentation of critical information; and analysis and interpretation of that data/information, with suitable me...

READING ON RELATED STUDIES LESSON 1: SELECTION OF RELATED LITERATURE  WHAT IS RESEARCH? Research is a process of systematic inquiry that entails the collection of data; documentation of critical information; and analysis and interpretation of that data/information, with suitable methodologies set by specific professional fields and academic disciplines.  REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE One of the major components of a research paper. It gives an overview of all the writings relative to a specific topic.  When writing your RRL, you must first consider the sources that you are going to use as bases for the contents of this chapter. RRL sources are commonly classified into two major types; namely: PRIMARY SOURCE SECONDARY SOURCE  PRIMARY SOURCE Publications or writings wherein a researcher reports the results of his studies. Example: Monthly, quarterly or annual journals. Data is original information collected directly by the researcher providing a first-hand account of an event or topic.  SECONDARY SOURCE Publications or writings wherein a certain author describes the work of another author. Example: Textbooks, encyclopedias, yearbooks Information that has already been collected and analyze by someone else, essentially interpreting or commenting on primary data. Determine if the source would be a Primary Source or Secondary Source. 1.A biography about Jose Rizal. 2.The declaration of independence. 3.A TV show explaining what happened in Japan. 4.A website describing what World War II was. 5.A Filipino veteran talking about Martial Law. 6. Abraham Lincoln's diary describing what he thought about the civil war. 7.A letter from a soldier describing World War 2. 8.An actor sharing his experience on a movie shooting. 9.A history book describing Philippine Island. 10.A journal is written by Rizal about her unforgettable experience MORE EXAMPLES 1. A student conducts an interview with a local farmer about their daily routine. 2. A researcher analyzes population data from a government census report. 3. A teacher surveys her students about their favorite school subjects. 4. A historian reads an autobiography of a famous war hero. 5. A scientist collects water samples from a river for chemical testing. 6. A journalist writes a news article based on eyewitness accounts of an event. 7. A student reads a journal article summarizing the findings of multiple research studies. 8. A company asks customers to complete a satisfaction survey after purchasing a product. 9. A biologist observes animal behavior in their natural habitat. 10. A researcher uses a textbook to learn about ancient civilizations. 11. A doctor records the symptoms of patients visiting their clinic. 12. A chef reviews a cooking blog to learn new recipes. 13. An engineer collects data from a machine to determine its efficiency. 14. A student watches a documentary about climate change. 15. A sociologist conducts focus group discussions about cultural practices. ACTIVITY 1 (BY GROUP) Within 5 minutes, identify and list as many examples of primary and secondary data as possible. Your total count will be considered your score. PRETEST 1. It is defined as a means of informing your readers that a certain piece of information came from a specific source and you just borrowed it to widen the explanation of a certain situation or data of your research. a. Literatures b. Review c. Citations c. Citations d. Sources 2. This is defined as the extraction of information and discussion from one or more relevant literature. a. Synthesis b. Summary c. Conclusion d. Explanation a. Synthesis 3. It is a manner of citation that refers to all of the citations that are found in all of the chapters in the research paper. a. In-text citation c. bibliography b. Out-text citation d. referencing list a. In-text citation 4. It is a chapter of your research paper wherein it is focused on giving an overview of all the writings relative to your specific topics. a. Introduction b. Review of Related Literature c. Methodology d. Results and Discussion b. Review of Related Literatures 5. This guideline in citation secures that all data and information, facts, ideas, or principles from your sources are discussed or explained separately. a. by topic c. chronological b. by author d. bibliography b. by author 6. This is defined as the norms for conduct that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behaviors. a. attitude b. ethics c. humor d. behavior b. ethics 7. This is a citation style that uses notes and bibliography and author-date format. a. APA b. MLA c. CMS d. HARVARD c. CMS 8. It is the guideline that is used in making synthesis. a. Synthesis guide b. Synthesis chart c. Synthesis matrix d. Synthesis graph c. Synthesis matrix 9. It is a source of your literature that is categorized by printed publications or writings wherein a researcher reports the results of his studies. a. Primary source b. Secondary source c. Tertiary source a. Primary source d. General reference 10. This is a citation style that uses author-date format only. a. APA b. MLA c. CMS d. HARVARD a. APA  ACTIVITY 2 Surf the internet, visit your school library or utilize any available materials at home and look for writings or materials that can be possible sources of information for your chosen research topic. List as many sources as you can. Write it in a whole sheet of paper. PLEASE FOLLOW THE GIVEN EXAMPLE LESSON 2: CITATION OF RELATED LITERATURE Proper citation of a source is important for you to avoid complications and problems with the authenticity of your data once your paper is already published Citation ,in research, is defined as a means of informing your readers that certain information came from a specific source and you just borrowed it to widen the explanation of a certain situation or data of your research. When citing sources, you must see to it that the information borrowed from other authors are properly cited.  CITING OF SOURCES COMES IN TWO (2) MANNERS, NAMELY: a) in-text citation b) referencing list The In-text citation refers to all of the citations that can be found in all of the chapters in your research paper. The commonly used information in this manner of citation is the following: 1. Author’s name 2. Date of the publication of the source 3. The page number where you found the information  THREE GUIDELINES THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN THE IN-TEXT CITATION a) by author or writer, b) by topic and c) chronological means of citation. 1. BY AUTHOR OR WRITER -In this method, all your data and information, facts, ideas or principles from your sources are discussed or explained separately Example: Cruz (2002) states that research is … Dela Torre (2005) described the research as … In this example, it is evident that by using by author or writer method, the information coming from a specific author will be discussed separately from the others. 2. BY TOPIC -This method of citation is used when several authors or sources give the same information about a certain topic. The citation of the information will be granted to all of the authors. Example: Accordingly, research is … (Rio, 2000; Luna & Magsaysay, 2005) In this example, the authors (Rio, Luna & Magsaysay) shared the same idea about research. When you are going to use this information, make sure to cite ALL of the authors that published this said information. 3. CHRONOLOGICAL -Citing sources using the chronological method involves sequencing the information based on the year it was published. Example: Yu (2005) states that … And (2007) discussed about… Chu (2010) deliberated regarding … In this example, the sources are arranged chronologically from the earliest to the latest.  CITATION STYLES -are referred to as the format of the information needed during the citation. THERE ARE THREE (3) MOST COMMON CITATION STYLES THAT ARE USED TO CITE SOURCES. a) American Psychological Association (APA) b) Modern Language Association (MLA) c) Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (APA) This citation is commonly used when a researcher works in social science-related researches. APA follows an author-date format, wherein, the needed information for its in-text citation is the author’s surname and the year of publishing. APA follows different formats for varying authors and their number. MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION (MLA) MLA is one commonly used citation style in research papers usually used in liberal arts and humanities. Unlike APA, MLA follows an author- page format, wherein authors’ surname and the page number where it could be found is needed. In the MLA format, the page number is always enclosed in parenthesis and can be found at the ending of each statement. The authors’ surname and the page number are NOT separated by a comma. Examples: Grey stated that …. (50). Accordingly, (Grey 50). CHICAGO MANUAL OF STYLE (CMS) CMA is a citation style that presents two basic documentation systems: A. notes and bibliography B. author-date.  NOTES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY SYSTEM This documentation system is preferred in researches concerning the field of humanities such as literature, arts, and history. In this system, bibliographic information such as notes and bibliography is needed. Footnotes or endnotes are placed in the bottom part of the paper and provide all information relative to the source. In the example above, the information to be included in the in- text citation is the author and the number in the endnote that is categorized by the superscript. The endnote follows the format: Author’s first name, author’s last name, Title, (Place of Publication, Publisher, year published) reference page.  AUTHOR-DATE SYSTEM The CMS author-date system is commonly used when a researcher will pursue studies in line with physical, natural, and social sciences. Unlike the notes and bibliography system, this system uses the author’s surname and date of publication. Directions: Determine whether the following is using APA, MLA, or CMS Citation Styles. Write your answers in the space provided. Referencing list refers to the bibliography and/or references of your research paper. This holds the summary of the information of all of your sources. Information needed in making the referencing list involves the following: 1. Author’s name 2. Date of the publication of the source 3. The page number where you found the information 4. Publisher 5. Place of Publishing 6. Volume 7. Edition 8. Other relevant information A referencing list is the other means of citing sources. Commonly, this list is noted in the references/bibliography section of the paper. Each citation style follows a different format in making a referencing list. The format of the citation styles as discussed by Torneo and Clamor-Torneo (2017) are as follows: