Quiz Template - ABB201 Building Services PDF

Introduction to Building Services 4  Mechanical Services Electrical Services Communications Systems Vertical Transportation Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) Architectural Lighting...

Introduction to Building Services 4  Mechanical Services Electrical Services Communications Systems Vertical Transportation Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) Architectural Lighting Renewable Energy Systems Waste Management and Recycling Systems Acoustic Systems Safety and Security Systems What are ? ABB201 -- Building services 5  Mechanical Services Mechanical Services Electrical Services Electrical Services Communications Systems Hydraulics Vertical Transportation Fire services Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) Acoustic Systems Architectural Lighting Lighting Renewable Energy Systems Communications Systems Waste Management and Recycling Systems Vertical Transportation Acoustic Systems Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) Safety and Security Systems ? Renewable Energy Systems Safety and Security Systems What are ABB201 -- Building services 6 Why do we need Operational Functionality ? Comfort and Liveability Safety Energy Efficiency and Environmental impact Communication and Connectivity Accessibility Compliance with Regulations (safety and environmental standards) Specialized Requirements (hospitals, laboratories, data centres, etc.) ABB201 -- Building services 7 why do you need to learn A structure with no services is a box, but a structure with services is a Building ABB201 -- Building services 8 why do you need to learn about ABB201 -- Building services 9 why do you need to learn about We are in the “Building” business Buildings without services are not habitable - operational Buildings Services contribute 30-45% of a typical building construction budget. They occupy space Mechanical rooms 5% - 10% Electrical rooms 1% - 2% Plumbing 1% - 2% Vertical transportation 2% - 4% Ducts and shafts Fire protection systems Overall: 10% - 20% ABB201 -- Building services 10  why do you need to learn about We are in the “Building” business Large components need to get into (and out of) buildings. They impact aesthetics (and design) of buildings. Services are interconnected with each other and other building components Competitive advantage ABB201 -- Building services 11 Taken by Nick Doppler why do you need to learn about Comprehensive design understanding Energy efficiency and sustainability Cost management Collaboration and coordination Regulatory compliance Project Planning and Scheduling Innovation and Technology Integration Risk Management Client Satisfaction Good services is good business ABB201 -- Building services 12 Content overview in ABB201 Overall understanding SAFE of building services Ask the right questions ECONOMICAL From right people SUSTAINABLE Collaborate better FUNCTIONAL Design and deliver ABB201 -- Building services better buildings 13 Power and Electrical Services ABB201 -- Building services 16 Contents Introduction Why do we need electrical services? Fundamental knowledge Basic physics Electric power systems Tariffs Metering Principles and examples in design and constructing electrical infrastructure Affordability Reliability Resilience Renewable Challenge questions from real world practice CRICOS No.00213J Why do we need electrical services for buildings? What are the needs for occupants in residential or commercial buildings? Most of people’s needs require electricity: Yourhome.gov.au CRICOS No.00213J  Basics – DC and AC Alternating current (AC) Direct current (DC) There is a frequency, e.g. cycles in a second There is no frequency Averages values for voltage and currents Such as batteries, computers, i-pads, Such as for large rotating power generators mobile phones Most of electric power network Solar panels Careful demand and supply balance at 0.02 seconds intervals (50Hz) CRICOS No.00213J https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/alternating-current-ac-vs-direct-current-dc/all  Electric power systems (traditional) Generation Transmission Distribution Retailers 1. AGL 1. Powerlink 1. Energex 1. AGL, Energy Australia, Origin 2. Energy Australia 2. TransGrid 2. Ergon Energy 3. Origin Energy 3. ElectraNet 3. Ausgrid 2. Ergon Energy (regional QLD) 3. Stanwell, Tarong 4. CitiPower 3. Alinta CRICOS No.00213J Ref: Wiki image  100% 96% 93% 65% 33% 31% 28% Cumulative efficiency from coal to electricity at home is about 28% CRICOS No.00213J - Traditional grid has one way energy flow - Modern grid has two-way energy flow, - because of locally generated renewable energy, such as rooftop solar photovoltaic systems CRICOS No.00213J Ref: Wiki image How do we get electricity in offices or lecture rooms? Gardens Point C Block Gardens Point S Block CRICOS No.00213J How do we get electricity in offices or lecture rooms? Main Distribution Substations Switchboards Boards (DB) (indoor/outdoor (MSB) Lights, power Power grid e.g. 1 for each or outlets padmounted) e.g. 1 for a floor, 1 for each building/site unit/zone CRICOS No.00213J Ref: Creative Commons image PV and Renewable Energies ABB201 -- Building services 25 How does solar PV system work? Solar panels generate direct current (DC) from sunlight. It is a photovoltaic process: - “photo-” means light - “voltaic” means voltage/electricity CRICOS No.00213J  How does solar PV system work? Solar panels’ outputs Inverter (power electronics) Form of grid electricity Inverter changes direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC), then feed the renewable energy into switchboards for homes and businesses How much space do we need for inverters? How long do they normally last before they need to be replaced? CRICOS No.00213J How does solar PV system work? - PV can be on building rooftops, such as - Homes, - Offices, - Education buildings - Healthcare facilities - Industry, commercial buildings - Carparks, garden shades etc. 1min video about “how does solar PV system work?”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N8EdTuwKkbQ CRICOS No.00213J Ref. Solar Energy, City of Longmount, https://www.longmontcolorado.gov/ How do we decide on the placement of solar panels? Many factors to consider, for example: Available area Orientation, geography Local surroundings User behaviour Technical limitations CRICOS No.00213J Mechanical Services ABB201 -- Building services 30 LCI 22 September 2022 AGENDA. 1. What is HVAC? 2. Why do we need HVAC? 3. Impacts of HVAC 4. Sources of heat and coolth 5. Types of HVAC systems 6. Spatial requirements and impacts 7. Air distribution 8. Standards and Codes 9. Types of drawings and how to read them PAGE 31 LCI 22 September 2022 WHY DO WE NEED HVAC? To keep occupants comfortable. To provide fresh, clean air. To remove smells and toxic, irritable and flammable gasses. For the control of smoke during building fires, helping to contain smoke and provide occupants with clean air in escape paths. Health care: Control the spread air borne diseases and protect vulnerable patients from infections. Data Centres: Produce a lot of heat and need continual cooling to operate. Industrial: Manufacturing, industrial processing, tunnels, mining. PAGE 32 LCI 22 September 2022 IMPACTS OF In Construction: HVAC systems will generally be 3-5% of construction costs. HVAC Require the most space of all services (please listen to us). In operation: HVAC systems can account for up to 50% of building energy use. HVAC systems will be the largest driver of peak electrical demand, driving up the size/cost of electrical infrastructure. Require ongoing maintenance. Need replacement every 10-20 years. PAGE 33 LCI 22 September 2022 TYPES OF The basic end goal of all air conditioning systems is to Move heat in or out of the building. HVAC This is achieved by: SYSTEMS Using a cold fluid to make cold air, or Using a hot fluid to make hot air. This is achieved by cooling coils, heating coils and heaters. PAGE 34 LCI 22 September 2022 Located in the room they serve (1 room only). Maintenance is carried out in-room. TYPES OF Noise is emitted direct to room so can be noisier than ducted solutions. HVAC Wall Mount Cassette SYSTEMS - Indoor Units Exposed Under Ceiling Floor Standing (Least Common) PAGE 35 LCI 22 September 2022 Create cold/hot air and use ductwork systems to move the air to occupied rooms (can be multiple). TYPES OF HVAC Fan Coil Units (FCUs) SYSTEMS Generally smaller systems and installed in the ceilings above occupied spaces. Air Handling Units (AHUs) Larger systems that need separate plant rooms - INDOOR UNITS remote from the occupied spaces. Can be installed externally and on roofs. DUCTED Fan Coil Units (FCU) Air Handling Units (AHU) PAGE 36 LCI 22 September 2022 Small Condenser Large Condenser (side discharge) (top discharge) TYPES OF HVAC SYSTEMS - Split / VRF Packaged (PAC) Units Outdoor Units Similar to your home AC. Used for small-medium sized buildings (