Building Service System PDF

BUILDING SERVICE SYSTEM  BUILDING SERVICE SYSTEM Building services are the systems installed in buildings to make them comfortable, functional, efficient  THIS INCLUDES THE FF: Energy Supply- gas, electricity and renewable Ventilation and sources...

BUILDING SERVICE SYSTEM  BUILDING SERVICE SYSTEM Building services are the systems installed in buildings to make them comfortable, functional, efficient  THIS INCLUDES THE FF: Energy Supply- gas, electricity and renewable Ventilation and sources refrigeration Heating and air conditioning Communication lines, Water, drainage and telephones and IT plumbing networks Natural and artificial lighting, Security and alarm system and building facades Fire detection and Escalators and lifts protection MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IN BUILDING  Modern buildings are built to create better, consistent, and productive environments in which to work and to live. -Buildings must be designed with features to provide  Better lighting  Comfortable space temperature, humidity and air quality  Convenient power and communication capability  High quality sanitation  Reliable system for the protection of life and property  All these desirable features have become a reality with advances in building M&E systems -Block-type buildings without windows, such as department stores, are totally dependent on electrical lighting, ventilation and space conditioning -High-rise buildings must rely on high-speed vertical transportation and high –pressure water for drinking and cleaning purposes and for protection against fire  -IMPACT M&E SYSTEMS ON BUILDINGS: Demand considerable amounts of floor and ceiling space – proper space allocation is needed during the preliminary planning Add to the cost of construction of a building – sophisticated buildings, such as research buildings, hospitals, computer centres Increase in energy consumption – energy consumed by occupied buildings, including residential, commercial, institutional and industrial facilities, account for 50% of all  CLASSIFICATION OF M&E SYSTEMS Mechanical Systems HVAC (Heating, ventilating, and air- Electrical Systems Building Operation conditioning)/ACMV (Air-conditioning and Electrical power – Systems mechanical ventilation) Normal, standby, and Transportation – Site utilities – Water supply, drainage, sanitary emergency power Elevators, escalators, supply and disposal, gas supply moving distribution walkways/travelators, Plumbing – Water distribution, water treatment, Lighting – Interior, etc. sanitary facilities, etc. exterior, and emergency lighting Processing – Products, Fire protection – Water supply, standpipe, fire food service, etc. Auxiliary – Telephone, and smoke detection, annunciation, etc. data, audio/video, Automation – Special systems sound, security Environmental controls, systems, etc. management, etc. Special systems Special systems  CHECKLIST OF BUILDING AND M&E REQUIREMENTS  - A comprehensive checklist that serves to determine the scope of building operational requirements and from which one can determine the scope and criteria of M&E systems.  -Early identification of these requirements will aid in evaluating construction cost, as well as the allocation of space for M&E equipment, both within interior and exterior of the building. MECHANICAL SYSTEMS Include heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC)/air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation (ACMV), plumbing and sanitation (P&S), fire protection (F&P), and specialty or auxiliary systems. HVAC/ACMV SYSTEMS Energy source – Electrical power, gas, oil, coal, central steam, central hot water, chilled water, etc. (location and capacity) Heating/cooling – Central air handling, direct radiation, in-space unitary equipment, etc. Comfort controls – Number of control zones, humidity, temperature, etc. Central plant – Estimated normal (or base) and standby capacities, etc. HVAC/ACMV SYSTEMS Heat rejection - Water cooling tower, air cooled condenser, evaporative cooler, etc. Location of equipment – Central equipment rooms, on floor, on roof, on ground, etc. Ventilation – Outside air requirements (minimum, high, or 100%) Exhaust - General, food preparation, toxic and special exhaust systems, etc. Automation – Building automation system (BAS), building management system (BMS) PLUMBING AND SANITATION SYSTEMS Energy source – Electrical power, gas, oil, central steam, hot water, etc. Water supply – Public water, river, well, etc.; water pressure, capacity available, and location Hot water supply – Hot water heaters or heat exchangers Sewage disposal – Sanitary, sewers, sewage treatment plant, septic tanks, drainage and filtering fields FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS Energy source – Electrical power, gas, oil Smoke containment and evacuation – Smoke exhaust and pressure controls Water supply – Flow rate and available Stairway smoke prevention – Stair pressure at water main, location. pressurization Separate service or combination with Fire annunciation – Fire alarm, public address, plumbing water supply fire department connections Water storage – Lake, pond, storage tanks Fire extinguishing – Portable extinguishers, (locations and capacities) automatic sprinklers (water, mist, dry chemical, foam, special gases, etc.) Fire and smoke detection – Thermal and Fire fighting – Fire hose and standpipe smoke detectors systems Lightning protection – Air terminals, Fire containment – Fire shutters, grounding conductors, etc. compartmentalization ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS -Include power, lighting, and auxiliary systems. POWER SYSTEMS -Normal energy source – Utility power or on-site -Emergency power distribution – For critical power (location and capacity); power equipment and emergency lighting loads characteristics (phase and voltage); service -Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) – For entrance (overhead, underground); service critical building operations such as computers requirements (substations, transformer vaults); and communication networks; power storage etc. (battery banks) - Emergency power source – Separate utility -Power for building systems – HVAC, plumbing, service or on-site standby generators (location and sanitary, fire protection, etc. capacity) Power for building operational equipment – Food - Interior power distribution – Primary or secondary service, waste disposal, laundry, garage, voltages, unit substations, distribution panels, etc. entertainment equipment, etc. -On-floor distribution – Floor boxes, under-floor Power for vertical transportation systems – ducts, integrated cellular floors, raised floors, Interface with elevator consultant on power and ceiling-cavity conduit network, etc. controls for elevators and escalators LIGHTING SYSTEMS Basic light source – Incandescent, Introduction of daylight – fluorescent, high intensity discharge (HID), etc. Fenestration, skylights, controls, Illumination – Lighting levels, colour etc. rendering, controls Exit lighting – Exit signs, exit Lighting fixtures – In offices and other way (evacuation route) light work spaces Architectural lighting – Interface Exterior lighting – Site, between architect, lighting and/or landscape, building facade, electrical consultant on public or special spaces aircraft warning lights, etc.  AUXILIARY SYSTEMS Telephone and telecommunication – Type, number Transmission – Transmitter and microwave towers of lines and stations, switchboard (manual, PBX), Cable – CCTV distribution systems, locations, basic and special features, facsimile, modem, etc. and interfacing with other auxiliary systems Data distribution systems – Multiple conductor Time and signal – Clock and program systems cables, twisted pairs, coaxial cables, Fibre optic Fire detection and alarm systems – Interface cables, wire closets, etc. with fire protection consultants Public address – Intercom, paging and music Automatic controls – Interface with HVAC and systems other building service consultants Security systems – CCTV monitoring, Audio/video – Radio, TV, and signal distribution detecting, alarming, controlling, and interface systems with security consultant Satellite dishes – Number, diameter, and Specialty systems – Numerous specialty systems for hospitals, research, computer orientation centres, and industrial, military, or defense facilities, as applicable