Practical Research 1 (Qualitative)

Practical S E N I O R H I G H S C H O O L D E PA R T M E N T Research 1 (Qualitative)...

Practical S E N I O R H I G H S C H O O L D E PA R T M E N T Research 1 (Qualitative) JENIFER B. DOMINGO Teacher II 0953-4361-108 [email protected] Classroom Rules 1. Come to class early/be on time. Avoid unnecessary absences. 2. Dress appropriately. This is a classroom setting. 3. Be respectful and attentive. Avoid having conversation with your seatmate while the teacher is discussing. NO USING OF CELLPHONE DURING CLASS DISCUSSION. 4. Participate. When you have a question or comment, raise your right hand and wait to be acknowledge by your teacher before speaking. 5. Submit your necessary requirements ON TIME! 6. When your class is over, leave the classroom by arranging your chair and practice CLAYGO (Clean As You Go). Parts of every discussion: Checking Concerns Review of Greetin of about the the past gs attendan subject lesson ce Presentatio n of the Introducti Lesso Sharing of on of the Objectives of the new n ideas/Q&A about the Lesson lesson Proper lesson Quiz/ End of Performan ce Task the Activity session  Lesson 1: Conceptual and Theoretical Framework At the end of the session, the students should be able to: Illustrates and explain the conceptual framework (CS_RS12-If-j-6)  What is a RESEARCH FRAMWEORK? -illustrates the structure or blueprint of the research plan and helps the researcher formulate relevant research questions RESEARCH FRAMEWORK -consists of the key concepts and assumed relationships of the research project -it is used as a guide for researchers so that they are more focused on the scope of their studies -it can be presented using visual (diagrams, chart, etc.) and narrative (paragraph stating the concepts and relationships of the study) forms.  Theoretical vs. Conceptual Framework 2 Classification of Research Framework Theoretical Framework Conceptual Framework commonly used for refers to the actual ideas, studies that anchor on beliefs, and tentative time-tested theories that theories that specifically relate the findings of the support the study. It is investigation to the primarily a conception or underpinning relevant model of what is out there theory of knowledge that the researcher plans to study.  Similarities of the Theoretical and Conceptual Framework 1. Provide an overall view of the research study; 2. Anchor a theory that supports the study; 3. Guide in developing relevant research questions/objectives; 4. Help justify assumptions/hypothesis;  Similarities of the Theoretical and Conceptual Framework 5. Aid in choosing appropriate methodology; 6. Help in gathering and interpreting data; and 7. Guide in identifying possible threats to validity.  Differences between Theoretical and Conceptual Framework Theoretical Conceptual Scope Broader Narrower/focused Can be used in Directly related to a different studies specific study Focus of The particular Set of related Content theory used already in concepts to a specific the field study Number of Presents one theory May synthesize one or Theories at a time more theories Time of Already existing Develop while Development before the conduct of planning and writing a the study specific research The following are guidelines and strategies of choosing and developing a Research Framework according to Barrot (2017, p.73). THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK a foundational review of existing theories that serves as a roadmap for developing the arguments you will use in your own work A theory is a well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can incorporate laws, Theoretical Framework Understand the variables included in your study as well as their relationship with one another. Review the existing literature related to your research topic. Theoretical Framework Using the information that you have gathered from the literature, look for possible theories that may potentially account for the expected results of your research topic. From these theories, select the one that is most relevant to your study and can provide a blueprint for your research. POINTS OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK What do we think or feel about the phenomenon being studied? Do we seek to explain, describe, interpret, critique, support, or read? What might be the consequences of doing such work? EXAMPLES OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Grounded Theory Approach This type of inquiry uses emergent theories during data collection and focuses more on discovery rather than explanation. EXAMPLES OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Participatory Action Research This inquiry focuses on people too, who are actively involved in research. The participants also have a say in directing the inquiry to address their needs. EXAMPLES OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Critical Theory Approach This framework helps researchers consider power relations within a society and emphasizes how access, voice, and representation are central to a study. EXAMPLES OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Driving Force Approach This framework helps you explore the motives behind people’s actions and decisions. It aims to explain why something happens. EXAMPLES OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Phenomenological Approach It focuses on subjective experiences, feelings, and thoughts. The goal is to understand the meaning people make of their lived experiences. EXAMPLES OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Transcendental Approach Framework It is used to explore the “true” or universal aspects of human nature that exist independent of social context. It is a form of philosophical inquiry. EXAMPLES OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Feminist Approach This framework helps researchers consider how women are portrayed and treated within society. EXAMPLES OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Marxist Framework This framework looks at how class, race, and gender influence the way people live. For example, a research question could be: “What is the meaning of ‘success in this culture for a female business executive?” EXAMPLES OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Constructionist Framework This approach helps you analyze language and meaning-making systems. It focuses on the process through which social structures are created and maintained. For instance, if your research study is about the youth’s understanding of their rights, you might ask: “What is considered Conceptual Framework Identify the key concepts in your study by referring to your research questions or objectives. Search for existing theories that incorporate the same concept and look into their relationships with one another. Conceptual Framework Using the existing theories as a guide, plot your conceptual framework using a concept map. In case that there are concepts not covered by the selected theories. Incorporate them into your framework. However, make sure that you are incorporating this concept into your framework because it is necessary for your paper. Conceptual Framework After completing the initial draft of your conceptual framework, write a narrative explanation of each concept and how each of them relates to one another. Again, there should be a basis for the relationship between the concepts being incorporated. Refer once again to your research questions. Check if the conceptual framework is aligned with them. Conceptual Framework Note that the process of creating a conceptual framework is developmental. This means that it may still be refined or changed as you read more literature and look into more theories. In some cases, the research hypothesis is presented at the end of the conceptual framework. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK developed at the end of the study to illustrate the factors or issues presented in the qualitative data. designed to assist in theory building and the visual understanding of the exploratory findings. HOW TO MAKE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK? Step 1: Choose your research question. Step 2: Select your independent and dependent variables. Step 3: Visualize your cause-and-effect relationship. Step 4: Identify other influencing variables. HOW TO MAKE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK? Frameworks – The dependent and independent variables are drawn up in the frames. Arrows – the arrows between two concepts indicate that there is a causal link (cause and effect); where the arrow comes from influences where the arrow points to. Lines – where a relationship (correlation) between 2 variables is expected, but no connection, a line is used. What is a Concept Map? Concept Map a visual representation of information that helps show the relationship between ideas begin with the main topic and then branch out into sub-topics, reflecting the connection of all the elements in the study Concept Map provide and organize new ideas composed of different figures such as lines, circles, boxes, and other marks or symbols which represent the elements of your research Concept Map can take the form of charts, graphic organizers, tables, flowcharts, Venn Diagrams, timelines, or T-charts arranges related ideas in a hierarchy very useful for researchers and readers who understand better visually The Input-Process- Output Model Input-Process-Output Model is a conceptual paradigm which indicates the inputs, required process, and the output this approach is seated on the premise of acquiring essential information by converting inputs into outputs through the required processing steps in obtaining the result Input-Process-Output Model it is also referred to as a functional model that is usually used in action research where an intervention or solution is necessary to solve the identified problem Input-Process-Output Model Input - the independent variable of the study Process - the intervention or solution consist of the instruments and analyses used to acquire the result Output - the findings or outcome of the interventions being made to solve the identified problem Example of Conceptual Framework Example of Conceptual Framework Example of Conceptual Framework Example of Conceptual Framework Example of Research Framework Example of Research Framework Example of Research Framework Example of Research Framework Example of Research Framework ANY QUESTION? OTHER CONCERNS? ACTIVITIES ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY 1 DIRECTION. Identify the following statements, whether it is true to both theoretical and conceptual framework or not. Write (Y) for “yes” if it is true to both while (T) for “theoretical” and “C” if it is conceptual. ACTIVITY 1 1. Directly related to a specific study. 2. Overall view of the research study. 3. Considered as the blueprint of the research. 4. General frame of reference used in conducting the research. 5. Researcher’s idea of how the study will be explored. ACTIVITY 1 6. Anchor in a particular theory existing already in the field. 7. Generalized in scope. 8. Guide in choosing an appropriate methodology. 9. Can be presented using both visual and narrative form. 10. Enable the readers to obtain a general understanding of the research study. ACTIVITY 1 11. Considers the relevant theory underpinning the knowledge base of the phenomenon. 12. It may synthesize one more theory. 13. Can monitor possible threats to the validity of the study. 14. It is more focused and narrower in scope. 15. Develop only during the planning stage of the study. ACTIVITY 2 ACTIVITY 2 1. Research Title: Medical Intervention and the Number of Patients Recovering from Pneumonia ACTIVITY 2 Conceptual Paradigm: ACTIVITY 2 2. Research Title: Effects of the Social Responsibility of a Corporation to its Organizational Performance ACTIVITY 2 Conceptual Paradigm: ACTIVITY 3 ACTIVITY 3 Task 1: Build a Framework Create an initial research framework for your research study. Consider the relationship between the concepts and variables in your research. Then prepare a concept map representing this relationship visually. ACTIVITY 3 Task 2: Say Something After finishing your map, describe it in no more than ten (10) sentences.  THANK YOU FOR LISTENING! HAVE A GOOD DAY! BACARRA NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL Senior High School Department