Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the primary function of a concept map in research?
Which of the following best describes the primary function of a concept map in research?
- To outline the specific steps of a research methodology.
- To provide a visual representation of the relationships between different ideas and sub-topics within a study. (correct)
- To fulfill a requirement that research be presented visually.
- To statistically analyze the relationship between variables.
In the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model, what does the 'Process' component primarily represent?
In the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model, what does the 'Process' component primarily represent?
- The initial problem that the research aims to address.
- The limitations encountered during the research study.
- The methodologies, interventions, and analyses used to transform inputs into outputs. (correct)
- The anticipated results of the study.
A researcher is using a previously established theory (about motivation) to inform their hypotheses and guide data interpretation. Which framework are they likely utilizing?
A researcher is using a previously established theory (about motivation) to inform their hypotheses and guide data interpretation. Which framework are they likely utilizing?
- Input-Process-Output Model
- Theoretical Framework (correct)
- Conceptual Framework
- Research Framework
Which of the following is a key characteristic that distinguishes a conceptual framework from a theoretical framework?
Which of the following is a key characteristic that distinguishes a conceptual framework from a theoretical framework?
Which of the following is not a typical component of a concept map?
Which of the following is not a typical component of a concept map?
In the context of research, what is the primary purpose of having either a conceptual or theoretical framework?
In the context of research, what is the primary purpose of having either a conceptual or theoretical framework?
A research study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a new teaching method (intervention) on student test scores. Which model would be most suitable to illustrate this research design?
A research study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a new teaching method (intervention) on student test scores. Which model would be most suitable to illustrate this research design?
Which of the following best characterizes the relationship between a research framework and the actual research study?
Which of the following best characterizes the relationship between a research framework and the actual research study?
A researcher is developing a framework for a study on the impact of social media on adolescent self-esteem. Which framework would be MOST suitable if the researcher aims to synthesize several existing theories related to self-perception and social comparison?
A researcher is developing a framework for a study on the impact of social media on adolescent self-esteem. Which framework would be MOST suitable if the researcher aims to synthesize several existing theories related to self-perception and social comparison?
Which of the following is a PRIMARY function of both a theoretical and a conceptual framework in research?
Which of the following is a PRIMARY function of both a theoretical and a conceptual framework in research?
In what way does a conceptual framework DIFFER from a theoretical framework?
In what way does a conceptual framework DIFFER from a theoretical framework?
A study aims to investigate the relationship between employee motivation and productivity using Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory. Which framework is MOST appropriate?
A study aims to investigate the relationship between employee motivation and productivity using Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory. Which framework is MOST appropriate?
A researcher is studying consumer behavior in online shopping. They develop a model that combines elements of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explain purchase intentions. Which framework are they constructing?
A researcher is studying consumer behavior in online shopping. They develop a model that combines elements of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explain purchase intentions. Which framework are they constructing?
Which action is NOT a typical step in developing a research framework?
Which action is NOT a typical step in developing a research framework?
A researcher is examining the impact of a new teaching method on student performance, hypothesizing that increased student engagement mediates this relationship. The researcher creates a diagram illustrating these relationships. What visual aid is being used?
A researcher is examining the impact of a new teaching method on student performance, hypothesizing that increased student engagement mediates this relationship. The researcher creates a diagram illustrating these relationships. What visual aid is being used?
A researcher is developing a conceptual framework for a study on the impact of social media use on political engagement among young adults. Which step is crucial in ensuring the framework is relevant and focused?
A researcher is developing a conceptual framework for a study on the impact of social media use on political engagement among young adults. Which step is crucial in ensuring the framework is relevant and focused?
When should a researcher primarily rely on a well-established theory as the foundation for their research framework?
When should a researcher primarily rely on a well-established theory as the foundation for their research framework?
A researcher is studying factors influencing student success in online learning. After identifying key concepts and relevant theories, what is the next logical step in developing a conceptual framework?
A researcher is studying factors influencing student success in online learning. After identifying key concepts and relevant theories, what is the next logical step in developing a conceptual framework?
In a conceptual framework, what do arrows connecting two concepts typically represent?
In a conceptual framework, what do arrows connecting two concepts typically represent?
A researcher finds that existing theories do not fully address a specific concept crucial to their study. What should the FIRST action be?
A researcher finds that existing theories do not fully address a specific concept crucial to their study. What should the FIRST action be?
Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of a well-developed conceptual framework?
Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of a well-developed conceptual framework?
A researcher is using lines to connect two variables in a concept map. What is the most likely relationship between these variables?
A researcher is using lines to connect two variables in a concept map. What is the most likely relationship between these variables?
A qualitative researcher is at the end of their study and wants to visually represent the factors and issues that emerged from the data. Which type of framework is MOST appropriate to develop at this stage?
A qualitative researcher is at the end of their study and wants to visually represent the factors and issues that emerged from the data. Which type of framework is MOST appropriate to develop at this stage?
A researcher aims to visually represent how students' socioeconomic status, parental involvement, and access to technology collectively influence academic performance. What tool would BEST achieve this?
A researcher aims to visually represent how students' socioeconomic status, parental involvement, and access to technology collectively influence academic performance. What tool would BEST achieve this?
Flashcards
Concept Map
Concept Map
A visual tool showing relationships between ideas.
Concept Map Components
Concept Map Components
Figures like lines, circles and boxes representing research elements.
Concept Map Forms
Concept Map Forms
Charts, graphic organizers or flowcharts which arrange ideas hierarchically.
Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model
Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model
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IPO Model Premise
IPO Model Premise
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IPO Model Use
IPO Model Use
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Input (IPO Model)
Input (IPO Model)
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Output (IPO Model)
Output (IPO Model)
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Key Concepts
Key Concepts
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Existing Theories
Existing Theories
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Narrative Explanation
Narrative Explanation
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Alignment Check
Alignment Check
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Developmental Process
Developmental Process
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Dependent Variable
Dependent Variable
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Independent Variable
Independent Variable
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Theoretical Framework
Theoretical Framework
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Conceptual Framework
Conceptual Framework
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Framework Similarities
Framework Similarities
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Theoretical Framework Scope
Theoretical Framework Scope
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Conceptual Framework Scope
Conceptual Framework Scope
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Theoretical Framework Content
Theoretical Framework Content
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Conceptual Framework Content
Conceptual Framework Content
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Theoretical Framework Timing
Theoretical Framework Timing
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Study Notes
- Lesson 1 is on Conceptual and Theoretical Frameworks
- The study goals (CS_RS12-If-j-6) involve illustrating and explaining conceptual frameworks
Research Frameworks: The Basics
- Research frameworks illustrate the blueprint of a research plan
- Key concepts and assumed relationships make up a research framework
- Research frameworks guide and focus the scope of studies
- Visuals like diagrams and paragraphs can present research frameworks
Theoretical vs Conceptual Frameworks
- Theoretical frameworks are used for studies anchored on time-tested theories
- They relate the investigations findings, which underpin relevant theory of knowledge
- Conceptual Framework refers to ideas, beliefs, and tentative theories
- They support the study and are a model of what the researcher plans to study
Similarities Between Frameworks. Both:
- Provide an overview of your research
- Anchor studies to theory
- Guide relevant questions/objectives
- Justify assumptions/hypotheses
- Help choose a methodology
- Helps with data interpretation
- Guide potential validity threats
Differences between Frameworks
| Theoretical | Conceptual | |
|---|---|---|
| Scope | Broader, used in different studies | Narrower, directly related to a specific study |
| Focus of Content | Uses a theory already used | Related concepts of a study |
| Number of Theories | Presents one at a time | Synthesizes one or more |
| Time of Development | Existing before the study | Developed during the study |
Theoretical Framework Guidelines
- Start with a review of existing theories as a roadmap, according to Barrot (2017, p.73)
- "Theory" constitutes an explanation of a facet of the natural world that can incorporate laws, hypotheses, and facts
- One must understand study variables and their interrelation
- Existing literature of the research topic should be reviewed
- Find possible theories accounting for expected research results
- Select the most relevant theory providing a research blueprint
Points of Theoretical Framework Considerations
- Thoughts about the studied phenomenon
- Do you intend to explain, describe, interpret, critique, support, or read?
- Possible consequence of the work
Theoretical Framework Examples in Qualitative Research
- Grounded Theory Approach: Uses emergent theories in data collection, focusing on discovery
- Participatory Action Research: Actively involves people in research
- Participants direct the inquiry to address their needs
- Critical Theory Approach: Researchers consider power relations in society
- Access, voice, and representation are emphasized
- Driving Force Approach: Explores motives behind actions, aiming to explain why things happen
- Phenomenological Approach: Focuses on subjective experiences to understand the meaning people find in their lived experiences
- Transcendental Approach: Explores universal aspects of human nature independent of social context, as a form of philosophical inquiry
- Feminist Approach: Considers how women are portrayed
- Marxist Framework: Looks atclass, race, and gender influences
- Constructionist Framework: Analyzes language and meaning-making systems to understand how social structures are created and maintained
Conceptual Framework Guidelines
- Identify key concepts by referring to research questions/objectives
- Search for existing theories incorporating those concepts and look for their relationships
- Plot with a concept map
- Integrate the framework concepts not found in selected theories, ensuring the concept's necessity to the paper
- Narratively explain each concept, and how each relate and have a basis for relationships
- Refer to research questions - check alignment of the conceptual framework
- Conceptual frameworks can be created for developmental purposes that need further refinement after additional literature reviews
- Research hypotheses can appear at the end
- They are developed for the end of studies, and for theory and visual building
How to Make a Conceptual Framework
- Choose a research question
- Choose your independent and dependent variables
- Visualize your cause-and-effect relationship
- Identify other influencing variables
Structure for Conceptual Frameworks
- Frameworks: Frames dependent and independent variables
- Arrows: Arrows between concepts indicate causal links
- Arrows come from the influence point towards their target
- Lines: Relationships between two variables without a connection
Concept Maps
- Concept maps are visual aids
- They show a a relationship between ideas, which stem from a main topic and branch out into sub-topics
- The maps provide and organize new ideas composed of different figures, symbols for the research elements
- Forms of concept maps include the form of Graphic Organizers, Flowcharts, T- charts, and Venn Diagrams
- Arranges related ideas in a hierarchy, which is useful to visually inclined researchers
Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model
- The IPO model represents the required inputs process needed to produce a conceptual paradigm output
- Used in action research where a solution or action is taken to solve problems for the sake of achieving information
IPO Key Components
- Input: Study's independent variable
- Process: Intervention/solution analysis and instruments that acquire the result
- Output: outcome/findings of applied interventions
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Description
Quiz questions covering concept maps, IPO models, conceptual and theoretical frameworks in research. Topics include framework characteristics, components, and their purpose in research study design and data interpretation. Assesses understanding research methodologies.
