Cosmetics History & Forms PDF

COSMETICS  Table of Content History Product forms Cosmetics Ingredients Which is which? Determine if the following products are cosmetics or not. Why do people use cosmetics? Cosmetics Cosmetics can be defined as a substance or preparation intended for placement in...

COSMETICS  Table of Content History Product forms Cosmetics Ingredients Which is which? Determine if the following products are cosmetics or not. Why do people use cosmetics? Cosmetics Cosmetics can be defined as a substance or preparation intended for placement in contact with any external part of the human body (this includes the mouth and teeth). It is also used to cleanse, protect, and change the body’s appearance or alter its odors. Cosmetics are limited on make-up and include creams, perfumes, talcum powder, shampoo deodorants, and other toiletries. How do ancient people use cosmetics? Brief History of Cosmetics  Ancient Egyptians used scented oils and ointments to clean and soften their skin, mask body odor, and protect their skin against the hot Egyptian sun and dry winds. They used myrrh, thyme, marjoram, chamomile, lavender, lily, peppermint, rosemary, cedar, rose, aloe, olive oil, sesame oil, and almond oil as raw ingredients of most perfumes Egyptians used in religious rituals. Egyptian women applied galena mesdemet (made of copper and lead ore) and malachite (bright green paste of copper minerals) to their faces for color and definition.  The Chinese stained their fingernails with gum arabic, gelatin, beeswax, and egg. The colors were used to represent social class: Chou dynasty royals wore gold and silver; the Middle classes wore black or red; Lower classes were forbidden to wear bright colors on their nails. Henna was used in India both as a hair dye and Mehndi, an art form in which intricate designs were painted on the hands and feet using a paste made from the henna plant, especially before a Hindu wedding. Henna is still also used in some North African cultures. In Elizabethan England, dyed red hair came into fashion. Society women wore egg whites over their faces to create the appearance of a paler complexion. Some people believed, however, that cosmetics blocked proper circulation and therefore posed a health threat. Italy and France emerged as the main cosmetics manufacturing centers in Europe, and only the aristocracy had access. European women often attempted to lighten their skin using a variety of products, including white lead paint. Queen Elizabeth I of England was one well-known user of white lead paint, with which she created a look known as “the Mask of Youth.” In Edwardian Society, pressure increased on middle-aged women to appear youthful while acting as hostesses. As a result, the use of cosmetics increased but was not yet wholly popularized. Beauty salons rose in popularity, though patronage of such salons was not widely accepted. Cosmetic Product Forms Product Forms Product forms are an essential part of quality control in the cosmetic industry. Some cosmetics must have certain forms to prove useful for their designed purpose. Viscosity refers to the resistance to flow. It also refers to how the product behaves and flows when put in a particular container. Product Forms The viscosity and product form is vital because of the following reasons: a. To make it easy to apply - A body mist must have low viscosity for it to flow freely and be distributed in an even manner, while lipsticks and lip balms must be highly viscous to stick on one’s lips and protect the skin. b. To make it easy to dispense and use the right amount – Shampoo must be viscous enough to pour it from a bottle in a controlled amount and need to stay in the hand while applying it on the head. c. To suit customers’ perception – customers often judge the conditioning benefits of a conditioner by how thick and creamy it is. 1. Liquid It can flow freely from runny like water to runny like honey. Water-based liquid can only contain a small amount of oils appropriately solubilized. Examples: perfume, body mist, skin toner. 2. Gel It is thicker than liquid and has limited flow properties. It is formed through the use of gum or thickening agents. Examples: water-based (hair- styling gel); oil-based ( viscous hair oils) 3. Foaming Gel It is used to describe foaming products with honey-like viscosity. It has limited flow capacity and prevents the product from running out of the hand since it foams up. Examples: shampoo, liquid body wash, and foaming facial cleanser 4. Serum It varies from low viscosity gel to almost lotion-like. It is used to deliver critical ingredients in a light product form. It is made up of smaller molecules that can penetrate deeply into the skin and deliver a high concentration of active ingredients. Examples: Vitamin C serum and facial serum 5. Lotion It contains low viscosity emulsions. Emulsion – is a mixture of two naturally not soluble substances (like oil and water) by use of a material to hold them together (emulsifier) It can readily be pumped or squeezed from packaging with a little effort or may run semi freely. The viscosity of lotions can be altered by using different emulsifying agents, consistency factors (beeswax or other waxes), or gums or thickening agents. Examples: hand and body lotion, medicated lotion 6. Cream It contains medium to high viscosity emulsions. It is suitable to be put in jars or small bottles with a wide mouth or bigger pump nozzles. Examples: Anti-aging creams, skincare creams 7. Powder It is utilized readily in the color cosmetics industry like eye shadow, blushes, pressed, loose powder, and mineral make-up. Examples: baby powder, talc, blusher, most of the make-up products 8. Balm It is mostly or entirely oil- based with semi-solid consistency. Examples: Hair and lip balm, lipstick 9. Mud It is often presented as a semi-solid product with the use of different clay and with the presence of oils Examples: Mud clay mask 10. Scrub It contains various sized particles to exfoliate skin mechanically. Examples: Salt or sugar exfoliating body scrub  USES OF COSMETICS 1. They are used as cleansing, moisturizing, and beautifying agent. 2. They help in enhancing the attractiveness of the body. 3. They help in altering the appearance of the body without affecting its functions.  USES OF COSMETICS 4. Sunscreen products help in protecting the body from UV rays and treating sunburns. 5. Acne, wrinkles, dark circles under the eyes, and other skin imperfections are treated or repaired by treatment products. 6. Cosmetics help in treating skin infections.  EXIT PASS 1.Define cosmetic. 2.How ancient people use cosmetics? 3.What is a product form? 4.What is viscosity? 5.Give the different product forms. 6.What are the uses of cosmetics? Thank you for listening!