Psychology Past Paper PDF - University of the West Indies July 2016

## The University of the West Indies ### Examinations of July 2016 **Code And Name Of Course:** PSYC1003 Introduction To Psychology **Duration:** 2 Hours **Date And Time:** ### Instructions To Candidates: - This paper has 10 pages, 49 questions and 3 sections. - **Answer All Questions In Section A,...

## The University of the West Indies ### Examinations of July 2016 **Code And Name Of Course:** PSYC1003 Introduction To Psychology **Duration:** 2 Hours **Date And Time:** ### Instructions To Candidates: - This paper has 10 pages, 49 questions and 3 sections. - **Answer All Questions In Section A,** - **Two (2) Questions In Section B** - **And One (1) Question In Section C.** ### Section A-Multiple Choice: Answer All Questions In This Section 1. The goals of psychology are to - describe, explain, predict future behavior and application - predict and simplify observable behaviors - explain, predict, modify, and ultimately improve the lives of people and the world in which they live - change the course of life 2. Psychologists who analyse the basic elements of conscious experience are called ____; while ____ concentrated on what the mind does—the function of mental activity and the role of behavior in allowing people to adapt to their environment. - functionalism; structuralism - gestalt; structuralism - structuralists; functionalists - behavioral; introspection 3. ____ who established the first psychology laboratory with the aim to study the building blocks of the mind, considered psychology to be a conscious experience and developed a model known as structuralism. - William Wundt - William James - William Dewey - James Dewey 4. ____ is a procedure used to study the structure of the mind, in which subjects are asked to describe in detail what they are experiencing when they are exposed to a stimulus. - Structuralism - Behavioral - Perception - Introspection 5. The current belief that not only behavior, but also thoughts and feelings, can be studied scientifically is traceable most directly to the impact of ____ psychology; whereas ____ psychology is a model focusing on the study of how perception and thinking is organized in a "whole sense", rather than on the individual elements of perception. - Cognitive; Gestalt - Gestalt; Cognitive - Social; developmental - Perception; Gestalt 6. ____ psychologists believe people will strive to reach their full potential if given the opportunity. The emphasis, then, is on free will, the human ability to make decisions about one's life. While, ____ psychologists focus on interpersonal behavior and the role of social forces in governing behavior. - Humanistic, social - Behavioral; environmental - Personality; environmental - Psychodynamic; personality 7. ____ psychologists are interested in describing and understanding individual's consistency and change in behavior over time, whereas, a ____ would be concerned about the age at which children generally begin to acquire an emotional attachment to their fathers. - Counseling; personality - Social; developmental - Personality; developmental - Developmental; social 8. ____ psychologists usually work in elementary or secondary schools, where they test and counsel children having difficulties in school, and aid parents and teachers in solving school-related problems. Whereas, a (n) ____ psychologist works to improve curriculum design, achievement testing, teacher training, and other aspects of the educational process. - Educational; school - Counseling; educational - Educational; Counseling - School; educational 9. Shonda, a ____ psychologist diagnoses and treats problems ranging from the everyday crisis of life to more extreme conditions, such as losing touch with reality. However, Donna, the ____ psychologists usually work with a somewhat different clientele, providing assistance to people struggling with everyday problems of relatively moderate severity. - Clinical; counseling - Counseling; clinical - Educational; school - Clinical; experimental 10. ____ are broad explanations and predictions concerning phenomena of interests; while a ____ is a prediction stated in a way that allows it to be tested. - Theories; hypotheses - Hypotheses; theories - Reliability; validity - Correlations; experiments 11. The automobile manufacturer wants to know how bright brake lights should be to minimize the time required for the driver of a following car to realize that the car in front is stopping. The intensity of the brake lights is the ____ variable and the time from onset of brake lights until depression of the brake pedal by the driver is ____ variable. - Dependent; independent - Independent; dependent - Interval; continuous - Control; dependent 12. In ____ research the strength of a relationship is represented by a mathematical score ranging from =1.0 to 1.0. A positive score indicates that as the value of one factor increases, we can predict that the value of the other factor will also increase. - Experimental - Correctional - Causational - Correlational 13. In ____ the researcher uses existing records, such as census data, birth certificates, or newspaper clippings to confirm a hypothesis. However, in ____ the researcher is passive and simply records what occurs naturally. - Archival research; naturalistic observation - Naturalistic observation; archival research - Archival research; correlation research - Correlation research; archival research 14. An in-depth, intensive investigation of an individual or small group of people is ____; whereas when conducting a ____ research, many people are studied at a given time. - Case study; longitudinal study - Experimental; survey - Correlational; archival - Case study; Survey 15. The independent variable is a hypothesized ____; the dependent variable is a hypothesized ____. - effect; cause - cause; effect - procedure; effect - result; cause 16. Afiya believes that inanimate objects are alive. She also knows that she has the same amount of clay when she makes it into a ball as she had when she made it into a snake. Afiya has recently mastered this concept and is in the ____. - preoperational stage - sensorimotor stage - preoccupational stage - concrete operations 17. Reflexes and object permanence are hallmarks of the ____ stage of cognitive development. - Concrete operational - Preoccupational - Preoperational - Sensorimotor 18. Kaylie, a 4-year old girl sees that her mother is tired and begins to read to her mother a story from the child's favourite book. She believes that since it makes her feel better that it will have the same effect on her mother. This is an example of Piaget's concept of ____. - Accommodation - Conservation - Assimilation - Egocentrism 19. Two 5-year olds are arguing over who has the most juice. They actually have the same amount but because one is drinking from a 6-ounce cup and the other from a 6-ounce glass, the amounts look different to them. They are arguing because they do not yet understand ____. - conservation - class inclusion - seriation - transivity 20. In Pavlov's study the unconditioned stimulus was the ____; while the conditioned response was the ____. - Meat, tail wagging - Food, salivation - Bell; salivation - Bell, tail wagging 21. The neutral stimulus in Pavlov's study which eventually became a conditioned stimulus after classical conditioning took place is the ____? - food - bell - saliva - bowl 22. An aggressive person who channels his energy into becoming a boxer is said to be using the defense mechanism known as ____; while a young woman who is unable to recall that she was raped is an example of ____. - Sublimation; regression - Projection; repression - sublimation, repression - projection; sublimation 23. You are listening to a lecture on Freudian theory and the speaker says that sexual feelings are hidden because of the resolution of the Oedipal conflict. The speaker is talking about the ____ stage. - phallic - anal - latency - genital 24. A 17 year old boy who witnesses the sexual abuse of his sister reverts to infantile behavior such as bedwetting is said to be in a state of ____; while a mother is said to be in a state of ____ when informed that her husband had sexually abused her daughter and she refused to accept that incident had occurred. - displacement; projection - regression; denial - identification; reaction formation - sublimation; projection 25. A young man who claims that he did not mind being stood up by his date because he had to study was engaging in ____; while a man who verbally abuses his wife and children after being heavily criticized by his boss is engaging in ____. - rationalization; displacement - denial; rationalisation - identification; reaction formation - sublimation; projection 26. The portion of the nervous system which controls functions such as breathing and digestion is known as the ____ division. - somatic - digestive - spinal cord - autonomic 27. The nervous system is divided into two main parts: - Brain, spinal cord - Autonomic division; somatic division - Central nervous system; peripheral nervous system - Sympathetic division; parasympathetic division 28. Ifoma saw a young girl run into the street and get hit by a car. When she got to the fallen child, she was in a state of panic. She was sweating and her heart was racing. Her biological state resulted from the activation of what division of the autonomic nervous system? - Somatic - Parasympathetic - Sympathetic - Peripheral 29. ____ is a change in behavior that is due to another person's commands. - Compliance - Social influence - Obedience - Conformity 30. Which of the following sales tactics asks a person to comply with a small initial request, to enhance the likelihood that the person will later comply with a larger request? - Door-in-the-face technique - Foot-in-the-door technique - Small-favor paradigm - low-balling technique 31. ____ is a change in behavior or attitudes brought about by a desire to follow the beliefs or standards of other people. - Obedience - Social influence - Compliance - Conformity 32. A (n) ____ or person who agrees with the dissenting viewpoint, is likely to reduce conformity. - instigator - agitator - social supporter - advocate 33. Who pioneered the study of conformity? - Stanley Milgram - Milgram Asch - Abraham Milgram - B. F. Skinner 34. ____ is behavior that occurs in response to direct social pressure. - Obedience - Social influence - Conformity - Compliance 35. ____ refers to memory for skills and habits such as riding a bike or hitting a baseball; while ____ memory stores factual information such as names, faces, and dates. - Iconic; echoic - Episodic; semantic - Explicit; implicit - Procedural; declarative 36. Memory that stores general knowledge and facts about the world (e.g. mathematical and historical data) is known as ____; while memory for information relating to the biographical details of our individual lives is known as ____. - Explicit; implicit - Semantic; episodic - Iconic; echoic - Procedural; declarative 37. ____ memory is a form of recollection in which one makes a conscious effort to recall a particular piece of information; while ____ memories are memories which people are not consciously aware but they impact on performance and behavior. - Episodic; semantic - Iconic; echoic - Procedural; declarative - Explicit; implicit 38. Children from homes in which parents use the ____ child-rearing strategy show the best achievement and psychological development; while ____ parents try to control their children's conduct by establishing rules and regulations. - Permissive; authoritarian - Authoritative; authoritarian - Authoritarian; authoritative - rejecting-neglecting; permissive 39. A ____ style of parenting is one in which parents are not involved in their children's lives being neither demanding nor responsive; while, ____ parents are more likely to have children who described as impulsive, aggressive, and lacking in independence and a sense of responsibility. - rejecting-neglecting; permissive - authoritarian; authoritative - permissive; rejecting-neglecting - rejecting-neglecting; authoritarian 40. The ____ is the structure of the personality that operates on the seat of judgment; while, the structure of the personality that operates like the traffic cop is known as ____. - Superego; ego - The Id, superego - The Ego; Id - Superego; Conscious police