AP Psychology Final Exam Answer PDF

1 Multiple Choice 1 point According to rational-emotive behavior therapists, the source of much unhappiness is the individual’s 5PSFA30 fixation at one of the early childhood stages subconscious fear of achieving happiness denial of the emotional consequences of an event...

1 Multiple Choice 1 point According to rational-emotive behavior therapists, the source of much unhappiness is the individual’s 5PSFA30 fixation at one of the early childhood stages subconscious fear of achieving happiness denial of the emotional consequences of an event system of inappropriate beliefs 2 Multiple Choice 1 point Question is based on the following. In a two-phase study, participants were randomly assigned to either group A or group B. All participants were subjected to a series of irritating air puffs directed at the face. In the first phase of the study, participants in group A pressed a button that stopped the air puffs. Participants in group B pressed a button that had no effect on the air puffs. In the second phase of the study, both groups had buttons that, if pressed, would stop the air puffs. Which of the following disorders is hypothesized to result most frequently from real-world conditions that are similar to those used in the study? 5PSFA29 Autism spectrum Dependent personality Major depressive Obsessive-compulsive 3 Multiple Choice 1 point A person displays behaviors of a psychological disorder that psychologists in the United States have not seen before. The best strategy to investigate the nature of those behaviors is to conduct which of the following? 5PSFA28 an experiment a case study cross-sectional research correlational research 4 Multiple Choice 1 point A critical component for labeling a person’s behavior as abnormal is that the behavior must exhibit which of the following? 5PSFA27 Be present in other people who have already been diagnosed with a disorder Not be under the voluntary control of the person Pose a serious threat to those around the person Interfere with some aspect of the person’s life 5 Multiple Choice 1 point Dr. Patel conducts a survey of his local community and finds that people who regularly attend a religious service are happier than those who do not. Dr. Patel concludes that attending religious services regularly causes happiness. Which of the following factors makes his conclusion faulty? 5PSFA26 Dr. Patel did not debrief his survey participants after the study was completed. Dr. Patel used a case study method instead of an experiment to investigate the relationship. Dr. Patel assumed a causal relationship using data from a nonexperimental method. Dr. Patel did not use naturalistic observation to verify the survey results. 6 Multiple Choice 1 point Magali participated in her school play in the lead role. For six weeks, she rehearsed and helped build sets until late in the evening, and then she would come home and do her homework for an additional one to two hours before going to bed. The day after the show ended, she came down with the flu and was absent from school for three days. Which of the following concepts refers to the final stage of the general adaptation theory where Magali became ill? 5PSFA25 exhaustion alarm habituation systematic desensitization 7 Multiple Choice 1 point Danielle was laid off from her job six months ago and has been unsuccessful at finding a new one. The income from her long hours of temp work barely covers her bills. She has begun to have frequent cold and flu symptoms and has become depressed. Danielle is most likely in the stage of Hans Selye’s general adaptation syndrome known as 5PSFA24 alarm reaction exhaustion resistance 8 Multiple Choice 1 point Hans grew up in Germany and later moved to Japan for a job opportunity. Back at home, he never had issues making friends or had interpersonal issues with colleagues at work, but in his new home, Hans is having difficulty interacting with his colleagues. According to psychologists who study how culture influences behavior, his difficulties most likely stem from 5PSFA23 Hans’s prior colleagues and friends having been overly accommodating of his rude tendencies cultural differences in emotional expression and body language between Japan and Germany Japan having a more individualistic culture than Germany Hans interacting with an abnormally large number of individuals with socio-emotional or personality disorders 9 Multiple Choice 1 point Although he finds it to be difficult and not much fun, Tomas puts in long hours practicing field hockey in the hope of getting an athletic scholarship to college. This best illustrates the idea of 5PSFA22 attribution theory catharsis extrinsic motivation arousal theory 10 Multiple Choice 1 point After school, George and his friends complain of intense hunger. They go to George’s home and immediately open his refrigerator to look for a snack. Which of the following is a theory of motivation that best explains their behavior? 5PSFA21 Arousal Social learning Self-determination theory Drive reduction 11 Multiple Choice 1 point People who believe that their efforts will be successful and that they are in control of events have a high level of which of the following? 5PSFA20 self-efficacy prosocial behavior reciprocal determinism self-esteem 12 Multiple Choice 1 point A parent who keeps a son’s room intact even though he’s been happily married and in his own home for five years is exhibiting which of the following defense mechanisms? 5PSFA19 Denial Reaction formation Regression Sublimation 13 Multiple Choice 1 point Which of the following is the best interpretation of findings, pictured above, concerning conformity in perceptual judgments? 5PSFA18 The larger the group, the greater the conformity of group members. The smaller the group, the greater the conformity of group members. Conformity increases as group size increases to about four persons. Conformity decreases as group size decreases to about four persons. 14 Multiple Choice 1 point According to research on motivation, employers are most likely to ensure high performance and job satisfaction from their workers if the employers 5PSFA17 double the workers' wages pay per hour rather than per quantity produced redesign jobs to increase workers' responsibility and flexibility monitor workers and punish the ones who are lazy 15 Multiple Choice 1 point A stereotype is defined as which of the following? 5PSFA16 An adjustment of one’s behavior in response to peer pressure A belief that one’s own culture is superior to all others A generalization about a social group A negative action taken against someone who is a member of a social group 16 Multiple Choice 1 point According to attribution theory, Pablo is most likely to attribute his high score on a difficult exam to 5PSFA15 good luck his intelligence his instructor's teaching ability the low level of difficulty of the exam 17 Multiple Choice 1 point Andi’s best friend always screamed when she was in high places, and now Andi also screams when she is in high places. Which of the following theorists would say that Andi screams because she saw her friend scream? 5PSFA14 William James Albert Bandura Charles Spearman Carl Rogers 18 Multiple Choice 1 point According to one theory of psychology, many people have mental illnesses because their maladaptive behaviors have proven rewarding for them in the past and thus have been continued. This belief is consistent with which of the following models? 5PSFA13 Behavioral Biological Cognitive Psychodynamic 19 Multiple Choice 1 point A child who learns that spoons are tableware and then correctly calls forks and knives tableware is demonstrating 5PSFA12 rote learning imitation training discrimination training stimulus generalization 20 Multiple Choice 1 point A cancer patient becomes nauseated following chemotherapy treatments. After a few treatments, the patient begins having a sick feeling whenever entering the treatment room. The treatment room has become 5PSFA11 a conditioned reinforcer a neutral stimulus a conditioned stimulus an unconditioned stimulus 21 Multiple Choice 1 point According to the psychosocial theory of development, in late adulthood the individual reaches the eighth and final stage of the life span in which one reviews and evaluates one’s life and the choices one has made. The theory labeled this stage as which of the following? 5PSFA10 Initiative versus guilt Integrity versus despair Generativity versus stagnation Identity versus role confusion 22 Multiple Choice 1 point A word or part of a word that is in itself meaningful, but that cannot be broken into smaller meaningful units, is called a 5PSFA9 grapheme morpheme phoneme holophrase 23 Multiple Choice 1 point A 40-year-old man and his 7-year-old son move to a country where they have to learn a new language. Compared with his son, the 40-year-old man will 5PSFA8 have more difficulty learning to produce phonemes that do not exist in his native language require less active processing to acquire the syntax of the new language overregularize more often learn the grammar of the new language more slowly but ultimately acquire the language better 24 Multiple Choice 1 point Five-year-old Mary watches while her teacher pours equal amounts of water into two similar glasses. The liquid from one of the glasses is then poured into a tall, thin container, and Mary is asked which contains more—the original glass or the tall, thin container. She says the tall, thin container contains more liquid. According to Jean Piaget, this example illustrates a lack of 5PSFA7 egocentrism conservation object permanence preconventional thought 25 Multiple Choice 1 point Eleven-month-old Jason drops a toy from his crib. He immediately looks over the side of the crib to search for the toy. Jason’s behavior demonstrates that he has acquired 5PSFA6 conservation habituation object permanence a zone of proximal development 26 Multiple Choice 1 point Gender stereotypes are developed as a result of 5PSFA5 societal norms and other environmental factors both environmental and biological factors the development of gender identity the development of gender constancy 27 Multiple Choice 1 point Alexandra wants to test her new baby’s rooting reflex. To elicit the appropriate response, Alexandra will have to do which of the following? 5PSFA4 Stroke her baby’s cheek Press on her baby’s palm Turn her baby’s head to one side Shine a bright light in her baby’s eyes 28 Multiple Choice 1 point Dr. Walsh gathers data on the number of teratogens pregnant women were exposed to in a large city and the numberof weeks at which their babies were delivered. The correlation between the two measures obtained in this study would be graphically represented as which of the following? 5PSFA3 bar graph normal distribution histogram scatterplot 29 Multiple Choice 1 point The debate over whether development occurs gradually, without discernible shifts, or through a series of distinct stages is termed 5PSFA2 nature vs. nurture developmental vs. cognitive continuity vs. discontinuity maturation vs. learning 30 Multiple Choice 1 point Researchers at a local hospital are interested in whether teenagers who use internet-connected devices are more depressed than those who do not. In developmental psychology, one advantage of doing this research as a crosssectional study over using longitudinal methods is that cross-sectional research does which of the following? 5PSFA1 Controls for cognitive ability. Controls for gender. Involves subjects of the same age. Requires comparatively little time.