Parasites Introduction & Classification Prelab Talk PDF

Prelab talk Parasites introduction & classification Different Parasites representing different classes 1- Trematodes 1- Fasciola (Trematoda) Class: Trematoda Adult: Leaf like structure Hermaphrodite Has an intermediate host Schitosoma spp. adult in copula Tremato...

Prelab talk Parasites introduction & classification Different Parasites representing different classes 1- Trematodes 1- Fasciola (Trematoda) Class: Trematoda Adult: Leaf like structure Hermaphrodite Has an intermediate host Schitosoma spp. adult in copula Trematode Adults have separate sex Female: Long, cylindrical and smooth Male: anterior part is cylindrical, but posterior part is flattened and it has Gynaecophoric canal  Schistosoma mansoni Schistosoma cercaria  Heterophyes heterophyes adult Shape: minute pyriform worm with broad rounded posterior part It has 3 suckers ( oral / ventral / genital. Anterior oral sucker, ventral sucker at the middle and genital sucker posterolateral to the ventral sucker. # Pear shaped 0.5 mm×# Size: 1.5 – 3 mm # Suckers : Three Suckers (oral, ventral and genital) # Digestive system : oral sucker, pharynx, oesophagus which branch into two intestinal caeca caeca. 2- Diphyllobothrium latum (Cestoda) Class: Cestoda Adult: Segmented Hermaphrodite Daphyllobothrium latum Taenia saginata 3-  Ascaris lumbricoides Trichuris trichura Enterobius vermicularis  Enterobius vermicularis adult female Shape: fusiform with thin pointed tail at posterior 1/3 Color: white Gravid female filled by distended uteri with eggs(oviparous) Trichuris trichiura adult Shape: Whip like Color: greyish white or pinkish in color Male: coiled posterior end with long spicule, Female: Straight posterior end Ankylostoma duodenale The filariae are thread-like parasitic nematodes (roundworms) that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. There are several types of filarial worms: The adult worms inhabit specific tissues where they mate and produce microfilariae, the characteristic tiny, thread-like larvae. The microfilariae infect vector arthropods, in which they mature to infective larvae. Loa loa  4- Protozoa Giardia (Mastigophora- Intestinal flagellates) Protozoa, differentiated into cyst and trophozoite. Trophozoite: Flagellated with 2 nuclei. Leishmania (Mastigophora- tissue flagellates) (Promastigote in culture) Protozoa, tissue flagellates, differentiated into amastigote and promastigotes  Entameoba (Sarcodina) Protozoa, Amoeboid in shape, use amoeboidal projection in movement. Has 2forms Cyst and trophozoite. 7- Plasmodium (Apicomplexa- Blood protozoa) Ring stage Protozoa (blood protozoa) Forms: Ring stage, Schizont, Merozoites and Gametocytes  Arthropods Arthropods with medical importance  Anopheles Mosquitoe Class insecta Body composed of head, thorax and abdomen 3 pairs of legs, one pair of wings, elongated mouth parts, Vector for malaria  Sandfly Class Insecta Parts: head, thorax and abdomen Vector of Leishmania Hairy body and wings color: sandy yellow  Flea Class : Insecta No wings, long legs to jump, blood suckers Vector for Hymenolepis nana and Plague  Lice Pediculus Has three pairs of legs Wingless, attached to hair Vector for some bacterial infections  Mites: – Sarcoptes scabiei Also called the “itch mite” – It cause Scabies Cyclop