Practice Final 2019 Genetic PDF

Name: _______________________________________ 7. (5 points) Which of the following are true? A. Neither DNA polymerase nor RNA polymerase can function without a primer with a free 3’ end B. Both the lagging and leading strands require primers in DNA replication C. DNA...

Name: _______________________________________ 7. (5 points) Which of the following are true? A. Neither DNA polymerase nor RNA polymerase can function without a primer with a free 3’ end B. Both the lagging and leading strands require primers in DNA replication C. DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to an existing DNA strand D. Primase is required to initiate transcription E. Ligase is needed connect the codons together in an mRNA 8. Below is the sequence of DNA at the end of a just replicated chromosome. The origin of replication is represented by the *: *AAGGCTAAGCAATTGTTCCCTTC-5' as mentioned on blackboard, polarity changed. *TTCCGATTCGTTAACAAGGGAAGGGAAGGG-3' a) (4 pts) Circle the strand that was produced by lagging strand synthesis during replication. upper b) (4pts) Underline the strand that will be lengthened directly by telomerase lower 9. Below is the sequence of an upstream portion of a gene with certain elements labelled. Answer the following questions. 5'--CCGCCCCCCCAATTTTGT...CGCGCTTGGTATAAACGC...TGGGGGTCAAAGATGAAAGAATACAT--3' PPE TATA-box +1 a) Is the above sequence likely to be from a prokaryote or eukaryote? (2 pts) eukaryote b) Write the first 6 bases of mRNA transcribed from this fragment, indicate polarity (2 pts) 5'-GGUCAA-3'--- c) Write the first three amino acids produced by translation of mRNA from this gene (2 pts) Met-Lys This study source was downloaded by 100000894752802 from CourseHero.com on 12-08-2024 19:27:01 GMT -06:00 1 https://www.coursehero.com/file/46046398/Practice-Final-2019-Genetic-220/  Name: _______________________________________ 10. Inspect the cartoon of a ribosome translating an mRNA below and answer the following questions. (a) (3 points) Assuming this is a eukaryotic ribosome, write the sequence of the codon currently in the E site. AUG--since we know we have only added two amino acids, this is the initiating codon, always AUG 3’ 5’ (b) (3 points) Where will the codon currently in the A site be after the fourth tRNA enters the ribosome? (the one shown entering the A site in the picture is the third one) P-site (c) (3 points) When the next amino acid is added to the peptide chain, the N-terminal amino acid will be connected through a series of covalent bonds to the tRNA in which site of the ribosome (A, P, or E)? A 11. (5 points) The Shine-Delgarno sequence interacts with which of the following? A. The proteins of only prokaryotic small ribosomal subunit B. The RNA of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic large ribosomal subunits C. The proteins of only eukaryotic large ribosomal subunits D. The RNA of only prokaryotic small ribosomal subunits E. The proteins of only eukaryotic small ribosomal subunits This study source was downloaded by 100000894752802 from CourseHero.com on 12-08-2024 19:27:01 GMT -06:00 2 https://www.coursehero.com/file/46046398/Practice-Final-2019-Genetic-220/  Name: _______________________________________ 13. (5 points) Some events that take place during the production of a protein are listed below. A. Messenger RNA attaches to a ribosome. B. DNA serves as a template for RNA production. C. Transfer RNA bonds to a specific codon. D. Amino acids are bonded together. E. RNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The correct order of these events is A. B E A C D B. B A E C D C. B C E D A D. C B A E D E. B E C A D 14. (5 points) A mutation has caused a gene to produce a mature mRNA that is 300 bases longer than the normal mature mRNA. Which of the following mutations could have caused this? A. A nonsense suppressor mutation B. A 300 base pair insertion into an intron C. A point mutation that destroyed and intron splicing site D. A mutation that changed a UAA codon to a UUA E. A mutation in the transcription stop signal F. A small deletion causing a frameshift. 15. (8 points) Complete the table given below assuming glucose is absent. Use + to indicate that the enzyme is synthesized, and - to indicate that enzyme is not synthesized. Lactose absent Lactose present lacZ lacY lacZ lacY I+P+O+ Z+Y+/I-P-OCZ-Y- - - + + IS P+ O+Z+ Y+ - - - - I+ P - OC Z+ Y- - - - - I+ OC Z+ Y-/I- O+ Z- Y+ + - + + This study source was downloaded by 100000894752802 from CourseHero.com on 12-08-2024 19:27:01 GMT -06:00 3 https://www.coursehero.com/file/46046398/Practice-Final-2019-Genetic-220/  Name: _______________________________________ 16. (5 points) An enhancer is best described as a: A. Cis-regulatory sequence in DNA that acts at a distance to promote expression of specific genes B. Transcription factor that acts to promote expression of specific genes C. Promoter-proximal element that is a site for binding of general transcription factors D. Protein that binds to RNA polymerase II, thereby increasing the rate at which RNA polymerase II transcribes a given gene E. TATA box-containing DNA element that defines the promoter for gene transcribed by RNA Polymerase II 17. (5 points) Which of the following is a true statement regarding reverse transcriptase? A. It is only capable of using eukaryotic mRNA as a template B. It will exactly recreate the genomic template strand of a gene corresponding to a eukaryotic mRNA C. It will exactly recreate the genomic non-template strand of a gene corresponding to a eukaryotic mRNA D. It is a useful enzyme for scientists studying the structure of enhancers. E. It requires a primer in order to initiate polymerization 18. (6 pts) You want to amplify the following piece of DNA by PCR (only one strand of the double stranded molecule is given). Show a pair of primers of 5 bases each that would amplify the full sequence (you must indicate polarity of the primers). 5'-AATCGGATTTATGCTACTGATTAGGAGGAGATAGAAT-3' Primer 1: 5'-AATCG-3' Primer 2: 5'-ATTCT-3' 19.(5 points) Explain in one short sentence the main reason aneuploidy (for example trisomy 21, causing Down's syndrome) causes severe phenotypic effects. The imbalance of some genes on the extra chromosome with the rest of the genome leads to dosage effects. This study source was downloaded by 100000894752802 from CourseHero.com on 12-08-2024 19:27:01 GMT -06:00 4 https://www.coursehero.com/file/46046398/Practice-Final-2019-Genetic-220/  Name: _______________________________________ 20.(6 points) A chimeric mouse was produced by injecting ES cells derived from an agouti mouse (A/A) with a knockout of Gene D (D/d) into the blastocyst of a black mouse (a/a;D/D). Which of the following are not possible genotypes if this chimeric mouse were mated to a black mouse (a/a;D/D). A. A/A;D/D B. a/a;D/d C. A/a;D/D D. a/a;D/D E. A/a;d/d F. A/a;D/d 21. (11 points) Shown below is a list of statements (a–k) and types of mutations (1–6). On the blank line following each mutation, write the letter(s) of all statements that apply to that type of mutation. A point will be deducted for each letter placed on the wrong line. a) a mutation that changes UUA to UUG b) a mutation that gives methionine instead of leucine c) created by the addition of a nucleotide to a coding region d) a stop codon is read as an amino acid e) a chemically similar amino acid is replaced by the mutation-- we didnt talk about this f) a mutation that changes CCU to ACU g) adding a single nucleotide in a coding region gives this type of mutation h) mutation does not alter the peptide i) a mutation changing UAU to UAG j) premature termination codon is responsible for this mutation k) a chemically different amino acid is replaced by the mutation 1) missense mutation __a_b__f__k___ 2) frameshift mutation __c__g______ 3) nonsense mutation _____i j_____ 4) synonymous mutation ___h_______ 5) nonsense suppressor mutation __d________ This study source was downloaded by 100000894752802 from CourseHero.com on 12-08-2024 19:27:01 GMT -06:00 5 https://www.coursehero.com/file/46046398/Practice-Final-2019-Genetic-220/  Name: _______________________________________ 22. Draw the results of the dideoxy sequencing reactions given the primer and template sequences below (8 points): Template DNA: 5'-CGTAT GATAGCC-3' 3'-GCATACTATCGG-5' Primer sequence: 5'-*CGTAT ddATP ddTTP ddGTP ddCTP Top of gel Bottom of gel b) (8 points) Draw what the gel in a) would look like if the scientist left dTTP out of all of the sequencing reactions ddATP ddTTP ddGTP ddCTP Top of gel Bottom of gel This study source was downloaded by 100000894752802 from CourseHero.com on 12-08-2024 19:27:01 GMT -06:00 6 https://www.coursehero.com/file/46046398/Practice-Final-2019-Genetic-220/ Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)