Plummer Chapter 16: Earthquakes PDF

Summary

This document is part of Plummer Chapter 16 on Earthquakes. It discusses topics such as earthquake focus, epicenter, and the types of seismic waves. The document mentions the build up of stresses in rocks due to tectonic processes that cause earthquakes.

Full Transcript

11/11/2016 Plummer Chapter 16: Earthquakes eq focus: approx point at which slip begins earthquake: vibrations (seismic waves) produced as a sudden response of rocks to...

11/11/2016 Plummer Chapter 16: Earthquakes eq focus: approx point at which slip begins earthquake: vibrations (seismic waves) produced as a sudden response of rocks to epicenter: geographic pt directly above focus stress built up along fault most eq’s in continental crust have focal eq cycle: stresses build in response to tectonic depths of 2-20 km (response of crust to processes; when fault slips, eq occurs forces is ~ductile below ~20 km) eq’s at subduction zones: up to ~700 km deep fault rupture expands along fault plane at W.H. Freeman typical velocity of ~2-3 km/s size of eq is related to total area of fault elastic energy builds up over period when rupture; area usu

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