PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES.docx

**"PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES"** Q. It is an environment for building and running applications, systems and process. A. technology platform These can be viewed as toolsets for developing and operating customized and tailored services. COMMON TYPES OF TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM 1\. Operating System 2\. Com...

**"PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES"** Q. It is an environment for building and running applications, systems and process. A. technology platform These can be viewed as toolsets for developing and operating customized and tailored services. COMMON TYPES OF TECHNOLOGY PLATFORM 1\. Operating System 2\. Computing Platforms 3\. Database Platforms 4\. Storage Platforms 5\. Application Platforms 6\. Mobile Platforms 7\. Web Platforms 8\. Content Management Systems 9\. Media Platforms 10\. API Platforms 11\. Analytics 12\. Security 13\. Robotics 14\. Internet of Things 15\. AI Platforms 16\. Game Platforms Q. It provide the basic services required to use hardware. These are the lowest level of platform. A. Operating Systems Almost all software runs on an operating system such as windows and linux with the only exceptions being low level firmware and embedded systems. Q. Platforms built on top of operating systems that provide computing functionality in areas such as cloud computing and virtualization. A. Computing Platforms For example, a cloud computing platform that allows you to scale your services by adding and removing virtual machines as required. DATABASE PLATFORMS Cloud platforms for deploying and managing various types of database such as relational, NoSQL and in-memory databases. STORAGE PLATFORMS Platforms for scalable storage of objects and files including APIs and value added services such as resilient storage that is backed up in multiple locations. APPLICATION PLATFORMS Application platforms are environments and toolkits for developing and deploying applications, a class of software that is primarily designed to be used by people. For example, a platform that allows developers to build dynamic web applications by executing code and integrating with databases, systems and APIs. MOBILE PLATFORMS Mobile platforms include mobile operating systems and environments for building mobile apps. They also include cloud platforms for building mobile backends that provide services to mobile apps. This may include specialized APIs that are useful for mobile app developers in areas such as location services and voice recognition. WEB PLATFORMS Platforms that provide services that are useful to websites and web-based software as a service such as web servers, web application servers, content delivery network and edge computing. CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Platforms for publishing and managing content, media and documents. These often used internally in organizations as an intranet site and document management system. They also commonly used to publish web content such as newspaper, blog or corporate website. MEDIA PLATFORMS Platforms for media publishing and analysis with tools such as video transcoding, streaming and recognition. API PLATFORMS Cloud platforms for deploying APIs that are typically built around an API gateway that performs functions such as load balancing, latency reduction and rate limiting. ANALYTICS Services for capturing, processing, analyzing and visualizing data. This may include tools for ingesting, processing, querying and managing big data. SECURITY Security services such as firewall, identity & access management, directory services, certificates, compliance reporting, encryption, key management and threat detection. ROBOTICS Robotics platforms may include an operating system for robots with a framework for developing and deploying backend systems and services for robots on cloud infrastructure. INTERNET OF THINGS Internet of things platforms may include an operating system for devices and cloud platform with specialized APIs for internet of things in areas such as device management, IoT security and analytics. AI PLATFORMS Services that are based on AI such as a voice synthesis service and tools for building your own AI such as machine learning API. This may also include environments for running your AI that are optimized for machine learning database. GAME PLATFORMS Environments that are optimized for running games. These may include services such as 3D game engines, AR and VR APIs. Type of Software PLATFORM TECHNOLOGY An environment for building and operating applications, systems and process. \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- **"OPERATING SYSTEM"** Q. A program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware. A. Operating System Operating system goals:  Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier.  Make the computer system convenient to use. Computer System Structure Computer system can be divided into four components  Hardware  Operating system  Application programs  Users Operating System Definition OS is a resource allocator OS is a control program No universally accepted definition "Everything a vendor ships when you order an operating system" is good approximation "The one program running at all times on the computer" is the \"kernel\". Everything else is either a system program (ships with the operating system) or an application program Computer Startup bootstrap program is loaded at power-up or reboot Computer-System Operation Input/Output devices and the CPU can execute concurrently. Each device controller is in charge of a particular device type. Each device controller has a local buffer. CPU moves data from/to main memory to/from local buffers Input/Output is from the device to local buffer of controller. Device controller informs CPU that it has finished its operation by causing an interrupt. Storage Structure Main memory Secondary storage Magnetic disks Storage Hierarchy Storage systems organized in hierarchy. Speed Cost Volatility Caching -- copying information into faster storage system; main memory can be viewed as a last cache for secondary storage. **Operating System Structure** Multiprogramming- needed for efficiency Timesharing (multitasking)- is logical extension in which CPU switches jobs so frequently that users can interact with each job while it is running, creating interactive computing. **Process Management Activities** The operating system is responsible for the following activities in connection with process management: Creating and deleting both user and system processes Suspending and resuming processes Providing mechanisms for process synchronization Providing mechanisms for process communication Providing mechanisms for deadlock handling Memory Management All data in memory before and after processing All instructions in memory in order to execute Memory management determines what is in memory Memory management activities Storage Management OS provides uniform, logical view of information storage File-System management Protection and Security Protection -- any mechanism for controlling access of processes or users to resources defined by the OS Security -- defense of the system against internal and external attacks Systems generally first distinguish among users, to determine who can do what. **COMMANDS** Q. This command is used to enlist all the files present in a directory or drive or folder. A. dir command Q. This command is used to change the current directory to the desired directory. A. cd command Q. This command is used to change the directory to the previous opened folder. Simply you can go back to the last folder of the opened directory. A. cd... Q. This command is used to display the consisting files and folders in the form of a tree. The files and folders are displayed with lines which help to differentiate between the directories and the subdirectories. A. tree \[path\] Q. To delete a directory, you must add the -r argument to it. Without the -r argument, the rm command won't delete directories. A.rm -r \ Q. This command is used to enlist all the files present in a directory or drive or folder. A. C:\\\>dir Q. This command is used to delete a file from a directory or a folder. A. C:\\\>del \[path and filename\] Q. This command is used to create a new directory or folder in a drive. A. C:\\\>MD \[new directory name\] Q. This command is used to change the current directory to the desired directory. A. C:\\\>cd \[path\] Q. This command is used to change the directory to the previous opened folder. Simply you can go back to the last folder of the opened directory. A. C:\\\>cd.. Q. This command is used to display the consisting files and folders in the form of a tree. The files and folders are displayed with lines which help to differentiate between the directories and the subdirectories. A. C:\\\>tree \[path\] Q. This command is used to remove the directory and its memory. All the files and folders present in that directory will be deleted but can be gain back by using redo directory option. A. C:\\\>rd \[path\] Q. This command is used to check the availability of a host and guest under the same gateway. This command shows the data packets sent, received and lost by the host and the guest. A. C:\\\>ping \[IP address\] Q. It determines the network and protocol statistics. It displays all active network connections, TCP and UDP endpoints, ports to which the system is listening, and routing tables. It is the all-in-one command to check all the network activities on Windows. A. The netstat command Q. It displays the Windows IP configuration. It displays network adapters, IP addresses, subnet masks, DHCP, and DNS information. More importantly, it refreshes the DHCP server and DNS settings. A. The ipconfig command Q. The purpose of this command is to change the directory. This command, popularly called chdir (change directory), is a code administrative command used in several versions of Windows that can modify the home directory. A. The cd command Q. ThIS command is also called as the list command which works in the Linux terminal to display all of the important folders or directories listed under a particular file system. A. The ls command Q. this command is used to make a directory or in other words, it used to create a directory. The following command will create a new folder called a test folder. A. mkdir command