Chapter 16 ~ Blood PDF
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Liberty University
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Summary
This document focuses on a chapter about blood, covering topics from plasma composition and functions of plasma proteins to cellular elements of blood, and hematopoiesis, the production of blood cells. It also describes the functions of platelets and illustrates the steps of hemostasis, coagulation, and fibrinolysis.
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**[Chapter 16 \~ Blood]** 1. Describe the composition of plasma and list the major functions of plasma proteins. **Plasma** -- liquid matrix of blood, composed mostly of water & dissolved proteins, ions, organic molecules, & gases. - Major proteins: - **Albumins** -- contribute to c...
**[Chapter 16 \~ Blood]** 1. Describe the composition of plasma and list the major functions of plasma proteins. **Plasma** -- liquid matrix of blood, composed mostly of water & dissolved proteins, ions, organic molecules, & gases. - Major proteins: - **Albumins** -- contribute to colloid osmotic pressure; carriers for many substances - **Globulins** -- clotting factors, enzymes, antibodies, carriers - **Fibrinogens** -- Forms fibrin threads essential to blood clotting - **Transferrin** -- iron transport 2. List the cellular elements of blood and describe the function(s) of each. - **RBC's** -- transport oxygen & CO2 - **WBC's** -- immune defense - **Platelets** -- Cell fragments that are essential to blood clotting 3. *Define hematopoiesis and its subtypes,* including key cytokines involved in development. - **Hematopoiesis** -- production of blood cells (occurs in bone marrow) - **Erythropoiesis** -- RBC production - **Leukopoiesis** -- WBC production - **Thrombopoiesis** -- production of platelets - **Cytokines involved**: A blue and white box with black text Description automatically generated 4. Describe the ~~production, structure, and~~ functions of platelets. - **Platelets** -- stop blood loss, immunity, & inflammation 5. **Diagram the key steps of hemostasis, coagulation, and fibrinolysis.** **Steps of hemostasis (stopping bleeding)** - **Vasoconstriction --** reduces blood flow/loss - **Platelet plug --** begins with platelet adhesion (good short-term plug) - **Coagulation --** exposed collagen and tissue factor lead to a clot (more stable until tissue is repaired) coagulation cascade  **\*Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin** **\*After loose plug is formed clot is reinforced into platelet plug Fibrin is dissolved by plasmin during fibrinolysis to dissolve the clot**
