Photosynthesis PDF

III. Biotic Factors---Need for energy A. How do primary producers obtain their energy? Photosynthesis Use sun to produce 1. Autotrophs food by assembling auto means “by inorganic compounds itself” into organic Trophikos m...

III. Biotic Factors---Need for energy A. How do primary producers obtain their energy? Photosynthesis Use sun to produce 1. Autotrophs food by assembling auto means “by inorganic compounds itself” into organic Trophikos means ”to compounds. feed” --Primary producer 6CO2 + 6H2O--->C6H12O6 + 6O2 B. How do consumers/Heterotrophs obtain their energy and nutrients? Cellular Respiration C6H12O6+ 6O2-->6CO2 + 6H2O +ATP 1)Herbivores or primary consumers 2) Carnivores or secondary consumers 3) Omnivores- Secondary or tertiary consumers 4) Scavengers 5)Decomposers 6) Detritivores C. How does energy flow through ecosystems? 1. Photosynthesis: One way flow of energy from the sun to detritivores. 2. Chemosynthesis: One way flow of energy from Inorganics like hydrogen sulfide to detritivores. C. How does energy flow through ecosystems? 3) Food chains 3) Food Web D. What is primary productivity? Gross primary productivity – total amount of chemical energy fixed by photosynthesis Net primary productivity – the amount of energy stored by plants that can be used for consumers – Flow of energy and mass in a community is like a pyramid with producers making up the base of the pyramid Aquatic example: Energy and numbers 10 % RULE On average only about 10% of the energy available at one level is passed on to the next. E. ) What do the three types of ecological pyramids illustrate? 1. Energy- amount of energy or matter 2. Biomass -amount of living organic material 3. Numbers- # of individual organisms What pyramid is most helpful? Energy This pyramid shows the best representation producers converting sunlight into food that supports the entire ecosystem. F. What are Biocides? Biocides- poisons meant to eliminate specific pests Fungicides, pesticides, herbicides, & insecticides Biocides such as DDT can become concentrated in top level consumers  Unlike energy, all th poison gets transferred to the next trophic level. Insects in decline Birds in decline Nature’s brita filter in decline. Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity a Ecosystem Services (IPBES) Media Release Issued 6 May 2019 Dangerous Decline ‘Unprecedented’: Species Extinction Rates ‘Acce Interdependence of God’s Creation Why Should Christians Care about ecological pyramids and biocides usage? “ Our day to day choices and attitudes are often driven by our culture and lifestyle preferences, not the Bible” “ When we fail to see the world as God’s creation, we will end up abusing it. Selfishness and greed take over, and we end up not caring about the environment or the problems we’re creating for future generations.” “Following God’s laws was costly for the Israelites. Creation care may costly for us in similar ways today.” Exodus 23:10-12 Sabbath Laws 10 “For six years you are to sow your fields and harvest the crops, 11 but during the seventh year let the land lie unplowed and unused. Then the poor among your people may get food from it, and the wild animals may eat what is left. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove.12 “Six days do your work, but on the seventh day do not work, so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and so that the slave born in your household and the foreigner living among you may be refreshed. Leviticus 23:22 “‘When you reap the harvest of your land, do not reap to the very edges of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest. Leave them for the poor and for the foreigner residing among you. I am the LORD your God.’” Deuteronomy 25:4 Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain. New Testament : "The nations were angry; and your wrath has come. The time has come for judging the dead, and for rewarding your servants the prophets and your saints and those who reverence your name, both small and great-and for destroying those who destroy the earth." (Revelation 11:18)  Warning from God’s Word. Isaiah 5:8 Woe to you who add house to house and join field to field till no space is left and you live alone in the land. North America State of Birds Report 2022  Reversing The Curse: Homegrown National Insects preservation Parks Plant Native: Rethink Lawns: Leave the Leaves:  Learning Targets 1. I can explain why ATP useful to cells? 2. I can contrast and compare ATP and ADP. 3. As an earth keeper, I can describe the important role of plants in aquatic ecology. G. What autotrophs are in aquatic ecosystem? 1. Types: Protists Plants 2) Littoral zones c) Importance of plants  H. What form of energy do biotic factors need to live? B. Principal chemical compounds that cells use to store and release energy. Ability to do work requires energy. 1)ATP- Adenosine triphosphate- energy rich- fully charged battery 2)ADP- Adenosine diphosphate-energy poor- partially charged battery 3) How much ATP is stored in cells?  Structure of ATP Adenine Consists of: Adenine, a nitrogen base Ribose, a five-carbon sugar A chain of three 3 Phosphates Ribose phosphate groups  D. How does ADP Becomes ATP? 1.Cellular Respiration: takes ADP and recharges Cellular Respiration: us to ATP as cells metabolize the food they make or eat. How does ADP Becomes ATP? ATP Triphosphate 2. ADP is a compound that looks almost like ATP. The difference is that… …ADP has 2 phosphate groups and ATP has three Diphosphate phosphate groups. ADP  How does ADP Becomes ATP? ATP 3. When a cell has Triphosphate energy available, it can store small amounts of it by... Energy is adding a phosphate stored in the ATP group to ADP. molecule 4. Adding a Phosphate phosphate ADP to ____ added to forms a molecule ATP of ADP ____. The addition Diphosphate of the third phosphate ADP stores energy ____________.  How does ADP Becomes ATP? ATP Triphosphate Phosphate removed Energy is stored in Energy is released the ATP for cell work molecule 5. When a cell needs Phosphate added to energy, the third ADP phosphate will be Diphosphate removed. This releases energy. ADP  6. ATP has enough stored energy to power a variety of cellular activities such as….. a) Photosynthesis b) Protein synthesis c) Muscle contraction d) Active transport across th cell membrane 7. The ATP molecule is thebasic _________________ energy source of all living cells. In a cell, ATP is used continuously and must be regenerated continuously. In a working muscle cell, 10 million ATP are consumed and regenerated per sec. ATP Synthase I. Where do living things get their energy?