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### Solubility Screening Tests - Solubility screening tests are positive (if Hb S is more than 20%) ### Hemoglobin Electrophoresis - Hemoglobin electrophoresis shows: Hb A = 60%, Hb S = 40%, Hb A₂usually elevated ### Sickle Cells - Sickle cells are not seen in peripheral blood smear except during...

### Solubility Screening Tests - Solubility screening tests are positive (if Hb S is more than 20%) ### Hemoglobin Electrophoresis - Hemoglobin electrophoresis shows: Hb A = 60%, Hb S = 40%, Hb A₂usually elevated ### Sickle Cells - Sickle cells are not seen in peripheral blood smear except during crises ### Hemoglobin C Disease: - The disease is caused by point mutation. - Normal glutamic acid at 6th position in the ẞ chain is replaced by lysine - Hb in the homozygous state there is a mild hemolytic anemia and marked target cell formation. The spleen is enlarged - The heterozygous state (carrier) has few target cells only - Hb C migrates with HbA₂ in hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH but separates from it by HPLC. - C tends to form crystals There is a photo of red blood cells under a microscope. There are many red blood cells of different sizes and shapes, as well as some cell fragments, within a pink solution.