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## History of Art and Architecture ### Building a sense of heavy construction ### Architectural Landmarks * **Chrysler Building** * Was briefly the world's tallest building before it was overtaken by the Empire State Building in 1931. * It is now the second tallest building in New York C...

## History of Art and Architecture ### Building a sense of heavy construction ### Architectural Landmarks * **Chrysler Building** * Was briefly the world's tallest building before it was overtaken by the Empire State Building in 1931. * It is now the second tallest building in New York City. * **The distinctive ornamentation of the building is based on features that were then being used on Chrysler automobiles.** * The corners of the 61st floors are graced with eagles, replicas of the 1929 Chrysler hood ornaments. * On the 31st floors the corner ornamentation are replicas of the 1929 Chrysler radiator caps. * **The Empire State Building - by Shreve, Lamb and Harmon architect** * A 102-story skyscraper located in New York City. * Its name is derived from the nickname for New York, the Empire State. * It stood as the world's tallest building for 40 years, from its completion in 1931 until construction of the World's North Tower was completed in 1972. ## Expressionism (late 19th C - early 20th C) Expressionism is an opposition to academic standards and emphasized artists' subjective emotion which overrides fidelity to the actual appearance of things. **General features** * Representational accuracy is sacrificed (distorted) * Strong outlines and bold colors * Compositions tend to be simpler and more direct * Thick impasto paint, loose, freely applied brushstrokes, and occasional symbolism. **Important Artists** * **Vincent Van Gogh** * Greatest Dutch painter since the Baroque times. * Subjects reflected a social consciousness reminiscent of Realism; Use of powerful brushstrokes. * Works: *The Starry Night*, *Sunflowers* * **Edward Munch** * Norwegian painter and printmaker whose intense, evocative treatment of psychological and emotional themes was a major influence on the development of German Expressionism in the early 20th century. * Work: *The Scream*, *Puberty*. * **Abstraction (start between 1910-1920).** * Abstraction is a movement of conscious and methodological destruction of particular and recognizable in appearance; Artistic elimination of rational visual association. * **Wassily Kandinsky** * An influential Russian painter and art theorist. * Credited with painting the first purely abstract works. * *Kandinsky's Composition IV* ## Cubism Showed objects in their basic geometric shapes. **Famous Artists** * **Georges Braque** * French painter and leader of Cubism. * Braque's large compositions incorporated the Cubist aim of representing the world as seen from a number of different viewpoints. * Work: *Piano and the Mandola, Violin and Candlestick*.