Physiology 1 Exam - June 2024 PDF

## Group: ## Date: ## Grade (completed by teacher): ### 1. The Rh factor is represented by the: - a. A-antigen - b. D-antigen - c. B- antibody - d. AD-antigen ### 2. Is true about the Prick tests: - a. It is mediated by the IgE antibodies - b. It's performed for identifying the bacterial infectio...

## Group: ## Date: ## Grade (completed by teacher): ### 1. The Rh factor is represented by the: - a. A-antigen - b. D-antigen - c. B- antibody - d. AD-antigen ### 2. Is true about the Prick tests: - a. It is mediated by the IgE antibodies - b. It's performed for identifying the bacterial infections - c. Detects immediate (type 1) hypersensitivity - d. The main role is based on the heparin effect ### 3. The blood group A contains: - a. Anti-B antibodies - b. Type A antigen - c. Type B antigen - d. No antibodies in the serum ### 4. The bleeding time is prolonged in the following situations except: - a. Thrombocytosis - b. Disseminated intravascular coagulation - c. Von Willebrand disease - d. Thrombocytopenia ### 5. The vital capacity is: - a. The inspiratory capacity + expiratory reserve volume - b. Tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume - c. Residual volume + inspiratory reserve volume - d. Residual volume + inspiratory capacity ### 6. Plasma proteins: - a. Maintain the oncotic pressure - b. Maintain the hydrostatic pressure - c. Act to force the fluid out from the capillaries - d. Is the same with the hydrostatic pressure ### 7. The platelet phase of hemostasis consist of: - a. The formation of the fibrin network - b. The formation of white platelet thrombus - c. The reflex spasm of the vessel - d. Adhesion of platelets and their subsequent aggregation ### 8. The prothrombin time: - a. Investigates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation - b. Investigates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation - c. The result can also be expressed as a prothrombin index - d. Is a screening test for diagnosis of delay vessel shrink ### 9. The dorsal respiratory group: - a Located dorsally **in** the superior portion of the pons - b. Is responsible for the basic rhythm of respiration. - c. Generates inspiratory action potentials - d. It limits inspiration ### 10. The pulmonary receptors are stimulated by: - a. High CO2 - b. Pneumonia - c. Exercise - d. Asthma ### 11. Is true about restrictive lung disease: - a. Is associated with increased airway resistance - b. Is associated with difficulty in exhaling - c. An example is scoliosis - d. An example is COPD ### 12. 40-year-old male patient presents to the doctor with plethora (red coloration of the skin), itching, hypertension. A CBC is ordered. We obtained the following results: HCT 60% (normal values 40-49%), RBC 6,6 million/mcL(normal range 4.2-5.5 million/mcL), Hgb 18/dl (normal range 13-16/dl), 12000/microliter leukocytes (normal range 6000-10000/microliter). The most probable diagnosis is: - a. The results are normal - b. Macrocytic anemia - c. Microcytic hypochromic anemia - d. Polycythemia ### 13. The reticulocyte count is decreased in: - a. Hemolytic anemia - b. Iron deficiency anemia - c. Posthemorrhagic anemia - d. Aplastic anemia ### 14. Choose the correct sentences about the neutrophils: - a. They are the first cells that arrive at the zone of inflammation - b. Their granules contain hydrolytic enzymes - c. They act as cells presenting antigens for dendritic cells - d. They perform phagocytosis in the bloodstream ### 15. The protein component of the cell membrane consists of: - a. Glycolipids - b. Transporters - c. Water channels - d. Phospholipids ### 16. Is true about pulmonary volumes: - a. Tidal air is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled in 1 minute - b. Minute respiratory volume is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled in 1 minute - c. Inspiratory reserve can constitute the inspiratory capacity - d. Inspiratory reserve is the amount of air expelled with forced exhalation ### 17. Nephrotic syndrome pattern in serum protein electrophoresis: - a. Increase in albumin band - b. Decrease in albumin band - c. Decrease in gamma globulin band - d. Decrease in a2-globulins ### 18. M-spike in serum protein electrophoresis: - a. Diffuse increase gamma-globulin band - b. Found in nephrotic syndrome pattern - c. Found in multiple myeloma - d. Diffuse increase in a2-globulins band ### 19. 70-year-old male patient with a history COPD and chronic carbon dioxide retention, presents to the emergency room complaining of dyspnea and an increase in the frequency of cough attacks. Arterial blood gas: pH=7.25 (decreased), PCO2=68 mmHg (increased), HCO3=-31mEql/l (increased). Acid-base status? - a. Respiratory alkalosis - b. Respiratory acidosis - c. Metabolic alkalosis - d. Metabolic acidosis ### 20. Male patient of 40 years old presents with pneumonia. ABG: pCO2=48 mmHg (increased), HCO3=26 mEql/l (normal), pH=7.32 (decreased). Acid-base status? - a. Respiratory alkalosis - b. Respiratory acidosis - c. Primary change is the lung - d. The kidney is compensating the disturbance ### 21. 65-year-old male with known chronic pulmonary disease. ABG: PCO2= 55 mmHg (increased), HCO3=32 mEql/L (increased), pH=7.30 (decreased) Acid-base status? - a. Respiratory alkalosis - b. Respiratory acidosis - c. The kidney is reabsorbing a higher amount of bicarbonate - d. Metabolic acidosis ### 22. The following substances cannot cross the lipid bilayer freely: - a. Inorganic ions - b. Sugars - c. O2 - d. CO2 ### 23. Choose the correct answer regarding fibrinogen: - a. Promotes the aggregation of red blood cells - b. Hyperfibrinogenemia is associated with a decreased risk of developing coronary artery disease - c. Is directly correlated with the level of eosinophils - d. It is synthesized by the bone marrow ### 24. Pathological conditions which influence the ESR include: - a. During pregnancy, the ESR can have values up to 70 mm/h - b. Physical or chemical composition of plasma like increased albumin increases it - c. Increased fibrinogen level, increases the ESR - d. Number, size and shape of RBCs