PHIlosophy Reviewer (Chapter 4 and 5) PDF

PHILOSOPHY REVIEWER(CHAPTER 4 AND CHAPTER 5) Chapter 4 – The Human Person and the environment 2 ideological causes of Environmental misreading/misinterpretation (a) Story of Genesis – Creation (Domination vs. Stewardship) (b) Philosophy of Rene Descartes (Rational Suprema...

PHILOSOPHY REVIEWER(CHAPTER 4 AND CHAPTER 5) Chapter 4 – The Human Person and the environment 2 ideological causes of Environmental misreading/misinterpretation (a) Story of Genesis – Creation (Domination vs. Stewardship) (b) Philosophy of Rene Descartes (Rational Supremacy over non-rational) Deep Ecology - consciousness that mother earth is our common home ( PROPONENT: Arne Naess) Ecofeminism - women empowerment (coined by Francoise d’Eaubonne) PROPONENT: Carol Gilligan Social Ecology - modern societies as foundation of environmental crisis Environmental Disorder – Deforestation, Mining and Loss of Biodiversity Chapter 5 – Freedom of the Human Person FREEDOM IS THE POWER TO DO GOOD AND AVOID EVIL What is Altruism: Is a voluntary undertaking Motivated by concern for others or by conscience or moral principle Done in the absence of expectation of gain or receiving something in return. Concern for safety and well-being of the other and Manifest inclusive care (beyond sex, gender, race, ethnicity, religion and the like) of the other REFERS TO A MOTIVATION AND ACTION THAT PROMOTES THE INTEREST OF OTHERS AND HUMANITY ALONG WITH OR OVER ONE’S PERSONAL INTEREST. On Altruism – The Story of Sahjid Bulig On July 2, 1993, the famous “Pagoda” of Bocaue, drifting on the Wawa River, started sinking from the weight of devotees who had boarded the floating shrine. Richard Celestino was at home when his mother arrived and told him about the tragedy. Richard rushed to the scene of the incident to see if his sisters were among the victims. The place was dark. Richard swam across the lit portion of the river, and boarded the sinking edifice on the left side. On the platform, Richard found his friend Sahjid Bulig standing at the center. Sahjid dove into the water, took a little girl with him, and swam towards the river bank. Richard jumped in after Sahjid in the same direction, saving a boy and a girl. Moments later, Richard, after sensing danger, stopped diving and shouted to Sahjid to stop, too. Sahjid, however, went on diving and swimming against the current, searching for more drowning victims. He was able to save five more children, before succumbing himself to the murky waters. Sahjid’s body was found the following morning. Richard lived to tell the tale of his friend Sahjid. Tokens and honors were offered to the family of Sahjid. Richard, who also received recognition from the BSP, proudly narrates the exploit of his friend whenever he can. Scouts Sahjid and Richard, both of Troop 564, Bambang Elementary School, Bocaue, Bulacan Council, were conferred the Gold Medal of Honor and the Silver Medal of Honor respectively on Oct.31, 1993. In the same year, the Sahjid Bulig Presidential Award for Heroism was instituted by the Department of the Interior and Local Government to honor individuals or groups who have demonstrated courage and selflessness in serving others. Later Sahjid’s memory was enshrined at the Museo Pambata at Roxas Boulevard, Manila alongside national heroes Rizal, Bonifacio and other patriots. ETHICAL (MORAL) / UNETHICAL (IMMORAL) ACT