Philosophy of the Human Person PDF

PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON AN INTRODUCTION PREPARED BY: GERONE JAN P. BALADHAY, LPT TEACHER 1 - SUBJECT TEACHER WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY? philo (love) for sophia (wisdom) a fundamental search for meaning and truth with the aim of making sense of all that is in the world through reason and cr...

PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON AN INTRODUCTION PREPARED BY: GERONE JAN P. BALADHAY, LPT TEACHER 1 - SUBJECT TEACHER WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY? philo (love) for sophia (wisdom) a fundamental search for meaning and truth with the aim of making sense of all that is in the world through reason and critical thinking, a continuous undertaking, a discipline that frees the rational man from ignorance and allows intelligent reflection. BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY Metaphysics known as the “first philosophy.” it is the study of the nature of things (being), structure of reality, of existence and non- existence. it concerns itself with the study of how we came to be and will become BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY Epistemology study of knowledge it concerns itself with the structure and cause of knowledge, the possibility of it, and its verifiability. it asks “How do you know that what you know is what you know?” or justified true belief. BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY Axiology study of value it concerns itself with the judgment of value or “worth”, its possibility and causation. it investigate what things are good, how good they are, and how their goodness is related to one another. DOING PHILOSOPHY THE RASHOMON EFFECT “How do you view things?” THE RASHOMON EFFECT As everyone tell their versions of their story, “each is possible” but different. the whole is greater than the sum of its parts... Euclid, Elements, Axiom 5 you can’t be looking in a partial view (thinking) a perspective that focuses on specific aspects of the situation. it has to be holistic... a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in the system. looking at a bigger picture of the situation rather than just the parts. collates the partial perspective, and evaluates them in order to have a complete idea of something. DIFFERIENTIATE Eastern (Oriental) Philosophy VS Western Philosophy Western Philosophy Eastern (Oriental) Philosophy INDIVIDUALISTIC THINKING COLLECTIVISTIC THINKING OBJECTIVE REASONING, LOGIC INTUITIVE, SPIRITUAL IN APPROACH BASED, EMPIRICAL (SCIENTIFIC) ETHICS: CONCERNS WITH IDEALS ETHICS: CONCERNS WITH HARMONY, SUCH AS JUSTICE, DUTY, INDIVIDUAL BALANCE, INTERCONNECTEDNESS RIGHTS SELF: INDIVIDUAL AUTONOMY & SELF: GROUP ORIENTEDNESS, IDENTITY RELATIONSHIPS, INTERCONNECTEDNESS BELIEVES IN DUALITY BELIEVES THE OTHER PERSONS ARE PART OF ONE’S SELF CRITICAL DISTANCE BETWEEN PHILOSOPHY & RELIGION CONNECTION BETWEEN PHILOSOPHY & RELIGION YOU CAN SEPARATE THE “I“ FROM THE “I” AND “OTHERS” ARE ONE OTHERS PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION Observation of the internal operations of mind According to John Locke some examples of reflection are perceiving, thinking, doubting, believing, reasoning, knowing, and willing. Emmanuel Kant structures philosophical reflection as Analysis, Criticism, and Synthesis PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION Kant’s structure Analysis - Describe and map the subject matter or topic of concern. Define it. (Example: Telling lies is wrong because it impedes people from the truth which according to Emmanuel Kant should be our perfect duty as a person and cannot be overriden under any circumstances) PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION Kant’s structure Criticism - Argue otherwise, research statements and principles that challenges the premises found in the analysis. (Example: However, according to consequentialism, if lying will be a “means” to a good end, such as saving lives or helping someone from harm, renders lying as morally acceptable) PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION Kant’s structure Synthesis - Fuse the most logical and strong points from the analyzed and criticized statements, reflect on what these statements are reconciling as a conclusion (Example: Despite the argument of consequentialism, Kant and Plato has placed the act of lying as an act which is immoral by itself regardless of the purpose and means of the doer of the action. Lying for the good, is simply choosing the lesser evil and not good in general) TOOLS/OTHER BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY FOR PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION Ethics / Moral Philosophy philosophical discipline concerned with what is morally good and bad and morally right and wrong. Logic study of correct reasoning through inferences and inferential relations. TOOLS/OTHER BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY FOR PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION Aesthetic concerns with the nature of beauty or theories of beauty Phenomenology a philosophical activity of understanding the essence of an object or phenomenon by the experience of it.