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PERDEV REVIEWER | 2ND SEM | 3RD QUARTER | 11 - EULER FFTZA | @JIARDBLU INTRODUCTION TO PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT thinking skills to...

PERDEV REVIEWER | 2ND SEM | 3RD QUARTER | 11 - EULER FFTZA | @JIARDBLU INTRODUCTION TO PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT thinking skills to reach their fullest potential as a human theories of motivation being Human Development and Personal Development - we - there’s no one singular school of thought in any form of don’t only use one school of thought or one discipline in scientific study which can completely and satisfactory trying to understand how the human being develop define human being nature Aspects in human development: 1. Physical Development - covers the growth of the body Origins of personal development: and brain motor, sensory skills, and physical health ▪ Homo Sapiens - draw figures to narrate their 2. Cognitive Development - covers our capacity to learn, experiences to speak, to understand, to reason, to create ▪ Greek philosophers - asked questions of the self and 3. Psychosocial Development - includes our social human being interactions with other people, our emotions, attitudes, ▪ Eastern Culture - emphasize the quest for being a self-identity, beliefs and values superior man ▪ Self-Actualization - achieving one’s full potential Factors that affect Human Development: PSYCHOLOGY AND PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT including creative activities ▪ Hereditary/Inborn Traits - passed on by the generations ▪ Esteem Needs - prestige and feeling of accomplishment of offspring of both sides of the biological parents’ Psychology ▪ Belongingness and Love Needs - intimate relationships families - study of human behavior and mental process and friends ▪ Environment - the world outside of ourselves and the - under the field of psychology are humanistic and ▪ Safety Needs - security and safety experiences that results from our contact and positive psychology that discusses the issues of growth ▪ Physiological Needs - food, water, warmth, and rest interaction with this external world and search for meaning ▪ Maturation - natural progression of the brain and body o Humanistic Psychology KNOWING AND UNDERSTANDING ONESELF - asking questions on human existence and Personal Development humanism Self-concept answers: “Who am I?” “Do I really know myself?” Personal - highlighted our capability of becoming a “How can I understand myself?” - belonging or relating to a particular person better version of ourselves and word that they Self-concept - made or designed to be used by one person used is self-actualization - our personal knowledge of who we are, encompassing - someone whose jobs involves working for helping o Positive Psychology - emphasis in positive all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves physically, others psychology is not mental illness but mental personally, and socially Development health, our character strength, our values, our Components of self-concept (Carl Rogers): - as a human being, it is expected that you will mature capabilities 1. Self-image not just physically but also psychologically *Psychology focuses on mental illness, but positive psychology - the way we see ourselves - we have different schools of thought believing that you focuses on what we can improve on the condition of the human - built on self-knowledge are capable of being the best version of yourself being to have a better quality of life, rather than focusing on - how we think, how we feel, look, and act Personal Development what is wrong with the human person. 2. Self-esteem - process in which persons reflect upon themselves, - the value we place upon ourselves understand who they are, accept what they discover Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs - individual levels of self-esteem are dependent on the and learn new sets of values, attitudes, behavior and Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs are one of the best way we evaluate ourselves By: fftza auq n pagod na si $elf By: fftza  PERDEV REVIEWER | 2ND SEM | 3RD QUARTER | 11 - EULER FFTZA | @JIARDBLU 3. Ideal self - the self we would like to be REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY OF MEN AND WOMEN OVER THE LIFE - not an overnight project but instead it must be seen as CYCLE a lifelong project a person has to undertake Self-Actualization - Holism: emphasizes the totality of the person - in Psychology, it is a concept regarding the process by Male fertility which an individual reaches his or her full potential - Beginning with his first ejaculation, a man is fertile Aspects of holistic development: - the “perfect congruence” every day and has the ability to father a child for the 1. Physical/Physiological Development - refers to physical Development of self-concept: rest of his life changes in the body as well as the senses and changes Begins to develop in early childhood - The man’s fertility is signaled by his first ejaculation in skills related to movement. This process continues throughout the lifespan while being asleep, known as wet dreams or nocturnal *Physical Health: critical for overall well-being and can emissions It is between early childhood and adolescence that self- be affected by: Female Fertility Lifestyle - balanced diet, physical activity concept experiences the most growth - A woman is fertile when she has the ability to become Human biology- a person’s genetics and physiology may pregnant make it easier or harder to achieve good physical health ADOLESCENCE Environment- surroundings and exposure to sunlight or - A woman is fertile only certain days of each menstrual toxic substances It Is the period in life: cycle - these are the days when she can become Healthcare service - good healthcare can help prevent, - When an individual is no longer a child, but not yet an pregnant detect, and treat illness adult - A woman is fertile for a few days of each cycle from her 2. Emotional Development - has something to do with the - In which an individual goes through enormous physical, first menstruation until menopause feelings that you experience mental and emotional changes *Emotions: responses that generate biochemical - Wherein experience changes in social expectations and PERSONAL EFFECTIVENESS THROUGH HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT reactions in our bodies, changing the physical state perceptions *Emotional Health: Emotionally healthy people are in Gestalt - During this period, physical growth and development control of their thoughts, feelings, and behavior and can - It is a German word that means "configuration" are accompanied by sexual maturation cope with life’s challenges. - Its principle is “the whole is greater than the sum of its *The physical and psychological changes that take place in *Ways to improve or maintain good emotional health: parts.” adolescence often start earlier, during the preteen or "tween" - Be aware of your emotions and reactions. - It is a holistic approach to understanding human - Think before you act. years: ages 9 and 12. One of the significant changes that occur in experience and fostering growth, focusing on the - Manage stress. adolescent’s life are the physical aspects which is describe as interconnectedness of an individual's thoughts, feelings, - Strive for balance (work/play, activity/rest) puberty stage. behaviors, and environment. - Take care of your physical health because it can affect your mental health. - Proponents of Gestalt Psychology: Max Wertheimer, Puberty - Connect with others. Wolfgang Köhler, and Kurt Koffka - time of rapid physical growth 3. Intellectual/Cognitive Development - it is when the body of boys and girls grow bigger and - It refers to a person’s intellectual abilities as shown in Holistic Development taller, genitals mature, and often hair starts growing in his/her thoughts, attitudes, beliefs and values - process of self-actualization (process of realizing one’s new places on the body. Starts between ages 9 to18 - It means how people think, explore, and figure things full potential as a person) and learning that combines - new chemicals produced by the body called hormones out an individual's physical (physiological), emotional are developing in the body, creating changes in the - It is the development of knowledge, skills, problem- (psychological), intellectual (cognitive), social, and body and turning young people into adults solving, and dispositions, which helps a person to think spiritual growth about and understand the world around them By: fftza auq n pagod na si $elf By: fftza  PERDEV REVIEWER | 2ND SEM | 3RD QUARTER | 11 - EULER FFTZA | @JIARDBLU *Healthy Brain: important to be able to think and feel, which subsequently changes the way that we act, A REAL WINNER is one who is able to: reason which then influences our thoughts Win over his/her battles and difficulties in life and *Healthy habits for the brain: turns them into a learning and glorifying experience Get plenty of sleep Aspects of power triad: Find meaning in pleasant and unpleasant events in Protect your head 1. Thoughts his life Take care of your mental health - comprised of information that our brain takes in and Live in peace with difficult people and difficult Build your social networks sends to our mind situations Get regular exercise and eat a healthy diet - our mind acts as the gatekeeper of the computed Win the goodwill of others, their respect and 4. Social Development - about our innate capacity to information admiration relate with others, to connect, and to feel the sense of - it determines which information is relevant and thus Get what he wants using win-win strategies; never at belongingness what will become our mental focus the expense of others *Healthy social life will help you: 2. Feelings Discover and use opportunities to his best advantage Develop communication skills Develop and use his talents and abilities to the best - emotional response to thoughts and behaviors Build self-esteem advantage and in so doing, make meaningful Strengthen learning skills - indicators of our connection to a situation contribution in making this world a better place to Resolve conflicts - they stem from our experiences and our perspectives or live in Establish a positive attitude thoughts 5. Spiritual Development 3. Behaviors UNDERSTANDING DEVELOPMENT PROCESS, STAGES, AND TASKS - It is discovering oneself beyond the ego known as the - actions generated from our thoughts and feelings soul, spirit, or the “inner essence” that is often - the way we behave in response to something is because “Maturity is achieved when a person postpones immediate disregarded or taken for granted our thoughts persuade us it is the best decision to make pleasures for long-term values” -Joshua L. Liebman - It is when one experiences a glimpse of the “inner at that time guide” of one’s beliefs and values as one discovers the Human Development APPLYING POWER TRIAD TO DAILY LIFE SITUATIONS meaning of life - focuses on human growth and changes across the lifespan, - It also allows people to connect with a Higher Power or including physical, cognitive, social, intellectual, perceptual, Assessing one’s own development is incomplete without Supreme Being personality and emotional growth identifying one’s own goals in life. Development can be more *Spirituality is important because: - it is essential to understanding how humans learn, mature, purposeful if they are directed to the achievement of goals. and adapt. Throughout their lives, humans go through various Most of the problems stem from the perceptions *Goal - is desired result or aim of a person’s effort or ambition stages of development and expectations of ourselves and of the world It help us to imbibe humility - the human being is either in a state of growth or decline, but It is a way of life either condition imparts change. By understanding these It helps us to develop great strength and courage changes, one can better respond and plan ahead effectively It can make human beings to become better citizens THE POWER TRIAD - it shows how thoughts, feelings, and behavior affect one another and how we have the power to control them - it explains how our thoughts change the way that we By: fftza auq n pagod na si $elf By: fftza  PERDEV REVIEWER | 2ND SEM | 3RD QUARTER | 11 - EULER FFTZA | @JIARDBLU HAVIGHURT’S DEVELOPMENTAL TASK no longer a child, but not yet an adult Early Adolescence (10-13 y.o.) Physical changes Emotional changes Social changes ▪ Robert J. Havighurst presents the individual as an active Adolescence stage Breast A desire for Increased interest learner who continually interacts with a similarly active - a milestone for all individuals since it serves as the development in independence in social activities social environment metamorphosis in becoming an adult females from parents ▪ Havighurst proposed a bio-psychosocial model of - adolescents started to grasp various information, Changes in body Heightened Shift towards peer development, wherein the developmental tasks at each engage themselves in different groups and community, composition emotions relationships stage are influenced by the individual’s biology as well as explore the ways of life Enlargement of Increased self- (physiological maturation and genetic makeup), his - adolescents strive to find an answer to the question testicles in males awareness psychology (personal values and goals) and sociology Growth spurts “Who am I?” (specific culture to which the individual belongs) Hair growth near Adolescents experience: the genitals and Hormonal changes and puberty, new and complex sensations and Developmental tasks summary: emotions, and burst of emotional and physiological brain underarms development. Sexual awareness and gender identity (refers to a person’s internal Middle Adolescence (14-16 y.o.) sense of gender, which may or may not match with the sex assigned Physical changes Emotional changes Social changes at birth. Continued growth Heightened self- Formation of close Evolving cognitive ability (enables adolescents to perform mental and maturation awareness and friendships based activities such problem solving and learning) and context-influenced with onset of self-reflection on shared emotional impulse control. puberty stabilizing interests, values, Concern about their physical identity (refers to an individual’s awareness of his/her own appearance. and beliefs Facing challenges as identity versus role confusion. Development of Increased interest Desire for Enhancing a sense of self by testing roles, then combining them to acne in developing independence and create a single identity. personal beliefs autonomy and values Republic Act 10354 or the Responsible Parenthood and Regular Identity formation Interest in Reproductive Health (RPRH) Act of 2012 uses the term menstruation in romantic and adolescents for people aged 10-19 years. females sexual relationships Voice cracking as More stable Peer pressure and the voice gets emotional conformity may lower in males regulation become a strong influence Three substages according to age and development tasks: Transition towards peer relationships ADOLESCENCE and away from - rooted in Latin verb “adolescere” which denoted “to family influence grow” or “to grow to maturity” - it signifies the period of growth from childhood to adulthood, it is the period in life when an individual is By: fftza auq n pagod na si $elf By: fftza  PERDEV REVIEWER | 2ND SEM | 3RD QUARTER | 11 - EULER FFTZA | @JIARDBLU Late Adolescence (17-19 y.o.) CHALLENGES OF ADOLESCENTS IN PEER, FAMILY, ROMANTIC E. Lack of Education - a condition in which a person has a Physical changes Emotional changes Social changes RELATIONSHIP below-average level of knowledge in basic things in life Physical growth Increased Transition into due to little or no formal schooling. ends independence and childhood A. Peer Relationship: Includes relationships with friends, F. Family Problems - involve conflict with family members, a clearer neighbors, teammates, and classmates; it enables an parenting issues, sibling rivalry, separation of parents, understanding of adolescent to have independence from their parents and financial problems. personal values or and to develop his/her own personal identity. beliefs B. Family Relationship: Involves relationship with ENCOURAGEMENT AND AFFIRMATIONS Brain maturation Stronger sense of Development of immediate family members including parents and “The courage to be imperfect” by Dr. Timothy D. Evans: continues self and identity more mature, siblings. An adolescent with a good family relationship intimate Encouragement is: makes him/her feel secured and loved. relationships - the key ingredient for improving your relationships with C. Romantic Relationship: An interpersonal relationship Development of others that involves emotional intimacy and passion with the emotional stability - the single most important skill necessary for getting opposite sex. and resilience along with others –so important that the lack of it could be considered the primary cause of conflict and SOCIAL CHALLENGES DURING MIDDLE & LATE ADOLESCENCE Challenges In Middle Adolescence (14-16 y.o.) misbehavior A. Youth Violence - refers to the intentional use of physical - develops a person’s psychological hardiness and social Adolescents become morally aware. Morality refers to interest force or power to threaten or harm young people the beliefs about what is right and wrong behavior. - the lifeblood of a relationship, and yet this simple a. Bullying - refers to the abuse and mistreatment of They have the potential ability for abstract thinking concept is often very hard to put into practice someone vulnerable by someone stronger or more which is characterized by the ability to apply concepts - spiritual connotation: Hebrews 3:11 which states, powerful. and to create and comprehend generalizations. “Encourage one another daily.” b. Sexual assault - is the illegal sexual contact that They also experience desire for independence, which is - conveys the idea that all human beings are worthwhile, usually involves force upon a person without the freedom from the control or influence of other simply because they exist consent or is inflicted upon a person who is people. incapable of giving consent because of age or Avoid five general ways to discourage: Challenges in Late Adolescence (17-19 y.o.) physical or mental incapacity. ▪ We set standards that are too high for others to meet Adolescents attain increased independence and B. Substance Abuse - a long-term, pathological use of because we are overly ambitious. alcohol or drugs, characterized by daily intoxication, ▪ We focus on mistakes as a way to motivate change or emotional stability, which enables a person to manage improved behavior. his/her emotions and life. inability to reduce consumption, and impairment in ▪ We make constant comparisons. Adolescents also attain the ability to think about ideas social or occupational functioning; broadly, alcohol or ▪ We automatically give a negative spin to the actions of logically, make plans, and gain a firm sense of identity drug addiction. others. (refers to the set of qualities and beliefs that make one C. Malnutrition - refers to faulty nutrition due to ▪ We dominate others by being overly helpful, implying that person or group different from others). inadequate or unbalanced intake of nutrients or their they are unable to do it as well. impaired assimilation or utilization. Even though opinions of other people are important, what you They are also concerned with romantic relationships. D. Reproductive Health Issues: Reproductive Health - is a think and how you feel about yourself is far more potent. condition in which the reproductive functions and Affirmation processes are accomplished in a state of complete - a positive statement that can help you challenge physical, mental, and social well-being. negative thoughts and improve your self esteem. By: fftza auq n pagod na si $elf By: fftza  PERDEV REVIEWER | 2ND SEM | 3RD QUARTER | 11 - EULER FFTZA | @JIARDBLU MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING IN MIDDLE AND LATE Components of Mental Health: Challenges to mental health and well-being ADOLESCENCE 1. Emotional Well-being includes happiness, interest in ▪ Mental health is not a fixed state. life, and satisfaction ▪ It fluctuates throughout a person’s life. Mental Health 2. Psychological Well-Being - includes liking most parts of ▪ No one experiences perfect mental health all the time, - state of well-being in which an individual realizes his or one's own personality, being good at managing the as emotions, stressors, and life circumstances her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of responsibilities of daily life, having good relationships continuously change. life, can work productively, and is able to make a with others, and being satisfied with one's own life ▪ While it is normal to have ups and downs, prolonged or contribution to his or her community (WHO) 3. Social Well-Being - refers to positive functioning and unaddressed challenges—such as stress, trauma, - the way your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors affect involves having something to contribute to society anxiety, or depression—can significantly impact overall your life. Good mental health leads to positive self- (social contribution), feeling part of a community (social well-being. image and in-turn, satisfying relationships with friends integration), believing that society is becoming a better and others place for all people (social actualization), and that the MENTAL HEALTH AFFECTS: - people who are mentally healthy are generally happy Sleep patterns and appetite way society works makes sense to them (social and confident about their lives. They accept and deal Adolescents’ peer pressure, friendships, and family dynamics can be coherence) influenced by mental health, making it challenging to form healthy with their problems realistically, recognize and accept connections. their weakness, have good relationship with others, SUPERSTITIOUS BELIEFS RELATED TO MENTAL WELL-BEING Emotional well-being understand themselves, and try to have a decent life. Napaglaruan ng Engkanto - Played with by Spirits. Some Adolescents may experience mood swings, anxiety, or depression, Filipinos believe that sudden changes in behavior, confusion, affecting their ability to handle stress and regulate emotions. Cory Keye’s Mental Health Continuum Model or mental distress occur because a person has been "played Social Responsibilities with" or disturbed by supernatural beings (engkantos or Adolescents experiencing mental health issues can disrupt sleep duwendes). patterns and influence appetite, either causing loss of appetite or Nabati - Affected by strong gaze. It is believed that if someone overeating, which can further affect mood and energy levels. admires or talks about you excessively, especially in a strong Academic Performance or envious way, you may experience unexplained sickness, Adolescents may experience mood swings, anxiety, or emotional distress, or dizziness. depression, affecting their ability to handle stress and regulate May Sapi - Possession by a Spirit or Demon. Mental illnesses emotions. such as schizophrenia or severe depression were historically Self-Esteem and Body Image mistaken for demonic possession. Adolescents may experience mood swings, anxiety, or depression, Usog - A Curse that Causes Discomfort or Irritation. If a visitor, affecting their ability to handle stress and regulate emotions. especially a stranger, greets a baby or a person and they Decision-making suddenly feel unwell, it is believed they have been affected by Adolescents’ peer pressure, friendships, and family dynamics can be influenced by mental health, making it challenging to form healthy "usog"—a form of energy imbalance. connections. Mababaw ang Luha - Easily Crying is a Sign of Weakness. Risk-taking behaviors Emotional expression, especially crying, is sometimes Adolescents with poor mental health may increase the likelihood of discouraged in Filipino culture because it is seen as a sign of risky behaviors like substance use, self-harm, or unsafe sexual Mental Illness or Mental disorder - characterized by a weakness, which can hinder open discussions about mental activity. clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s health. *Most mental health problems diagnosed in adulthood begin in cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior. It is usually adolescence. Half of the lifetime diagnosable mental health associated with distress or impairment in important disorders start by age 14; this number increases to three fourths areas of functioning. by age 24. By: fftza auq n pagod na si $elf By: fftza  PERDEV REVIEWER | 2ND SEM | 3RD QUARTER | 11 - EULER FFTZA | @JIARDBLU DIFFERENT TYPES OF MENTAL ILLNESS OR DISORDERS perform certain routines or rituals ("compulsions") to try to get Bipolar Disorders Depression rid of the thoughts. Children and adolescents with this disorder - a serious mental illness in which common emotions - the disorder of emotion or mood (sadness, hopelessness, will often repeat behaviors to avoid some imagined outcomes. become intensely and often unpredictably magnified. misery, inability to enjoy Panic Disorder – is an anxiety disorder characterized by Individuals with bipolar disorder can quickly swing from - makes a person feel very sad all the time and has loss of repeated, unexpected panic attacks, and persistent concern about extremes of happiness, energy, and clarity to sadness, interest having more attacks. People with panic disorder feel very scared fatigue, and confusion. These shifts can be so devastating - may require long-term treatment, but it can be treated or have a hard time breathing and their heart is pounding. They that individuals may consider suicide. with medication and psychotherapy may also feel shaky, dizzy, and think they are going to lose their Schizophrenia Causes: Self-images, body images, Separation of parents, emotionally mind or even die. The teen or child may not want to go to school - a serious mental illness characterized by incoherent or unavailable parents, parents who have high marital conflict, and or leave the house at all because they are afraid something awful illogical thoughts, bizarre behavior and speech, and parents with financial problems, poor personal relationships, will happen to them. delusions or hallucinations, such as hearing voices. experiencing peer rejection Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) - the age of onset is typically between the late teens and Symptoms: mid-30s. - a behavioral condition that makes focusing on everyday a. Cognitive symptoms - manifest negative conditions about requests and routines challenging. People with ADHD self, world and future typically have trouble getting organized, staying focused, b. Motivational symptoms - loss of interest, lack of drive, and making realistic plans, and thinking before acting. They difficulty on starting in anything. may be fidgety, noisy, and unable to adapt to changing c. Somatic symptoms - loss of energy, sleep difficulties loss of situations. appetite and weight loss/gain. Substance Use Disorder (SUD) Anxiety - a cluster of physiological, behavioral, and cognitive - an emotion characterized by feelings of tension, worried symptoms associated with the continued use of substances thoughts, and physical changes like increased blood despite substance-related problems, distress, and/or pressure impairment, such as impaired control and risky use. Causes: Genes likely play a role in causing anxiety, as well as the home, neighborhood, school, and other environmental factors Eating Disorder Symptoms: Over-worrying about future events and fear is a reaction - an illness that is characterized by irregular eating habits to current events and stress concern about size. - It can develop throughout any stage in life but typically TYPES OF ANXIETY: appear during teen years or adulthood. Separation Anxiety Disorder - excessively fearful or anxious Causes: Feeling negatively about their bodies and highly motivated to about separation from those with whom he or she is attached. look like same-sex figures in the media The feeling is beyond what is appropriate for the person's age, Symptoms: extraordinary weight loss persists (at least four weeks in children and six months in adults) TYPES OF EATING DISORDERS and causes problems functioning. Anorexia Nervosa - Persistent pursuit of thinner built through Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) - a condition hunger. Intense fear of gaining weight. Weighing less than what is characterized by persistent and excessive worry that interferes considered normal to their age and height. with daily life. Bulimia Nervosa - Binge eating and then purges by self- Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) - also referred to as social phobia, is characterized by persistent fear and avoidance of social inducing vomiting or using a laxative. situations due to fears of evaluation by others. SAD can be highly distressing, and it can interfere with school, work, and social life Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as sufferers avoid social or performance situations. refers any one of a group of disorders with an onset typically Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) – frequent, occurring during the preschool years and characterized by difficulties uncontrollable thoughts ("obsessions") that are unreasonable. with social communication and social interaction along with These thoughts come into their mind a lot. They then need to restricted and repetitive patterns in behaviors, interests, and activities. By: fftza auq n pagod na si $elf By: fftza