Reading and Writing Skills Q3 Module 3 Explicit and Implicit Claims PDF

Reading and Writing Skills Quarter 3 – Module 3: Explicit and Implicit Claims in Written Texts CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3 Reading and Writing Skills Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 3 – Modu...

Reading and Writing Skills Quarter 3 – Module 3: Explicit and Implicit Claims in Written Texts CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3 Reading and Writing Skills Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 3 – Module 3: Explicit and Implicit Claims in Written Texts First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writers: Kristine Y. Zantua, Jayson B. Agarin, Faye Maida F. Llagas, Maria Monica M. Angeles Editors: Shiela Niña L. Rea-Santes, Orven Francis G. De Pedro Reviewers: Cyril E. Sales, Susana J. Sacatrapos, Loui Grace G. Margallo, Laila R. Maloles, Jonathan H. Marquez, Jhonathan S. Cadavido, Amabelle G. Labitag, Aleli C. Juliano, Gene Ross Jose I. Silva Illustrator: Jayson K. Latade Layout Artist: Victoria P. Gabiano, Mark Joseph O. Torres, Jayson K. Latade Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas Job S. Zape, Jr. Ramonito Elumbaring Reicon C. Condes Elaine T. Balaogan Fe M. Ong-ongowan Daisy Z. Miranda Buddy Chester M. Repia Vincent Emmanuel L. Ilagan Henry P. Contemplacion Laila R. Maloles Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – Region 4A CALABARZON Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Brgy. San Isidro, Cainta, Rizal Telefax: 02-8682-5773/8684-4914/8647-7487 E-mail Address: [email protected] Reading and Writing Skills Quarter 3 – Module 3: Explicit and Implicit Claims in Written Texts Introductory Message This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson. Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by- step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you. Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these. In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning. Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task. If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Thank you.  What I Need to Know Reading engagement becomes very productive when learners like you have to be conscious in giving sound reactions about the text. This is a manifestation that your attachment towards the reading materials becomes intense. Consequently, you are reaching the stage where critical reading happens. As critical readers, you can assess texts that exhibit specific claims such as claim of fact, claim of value, and claim of policy. This module is divided into a variety of activities which you will answer at your own pace so that you will be able to learn the skills that will enable you to read critically and react logically. The module is divided into three lessons, namely: Lesson 1 – Claim of Fact Lesson 2 – Claim of Policy Lesson 3 – Claim of Value After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. identify claims explicitly or implicitly made in a written text; 2. determine the key elements of explicit and implicit claims; 3. differentiate claim of fact, claim of policy and claim of value from each other; and 4. identify claims of fact, policy and value presented in written texts. 1 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  What I Know Write the letter of the best answer on a separate sheet. 1. Which of the following statements is an example of a claim? A. Ruiz believes that change has come. B. Filipinos need to exercise their right to vote. C. Annie thinks that we should have a universal health care. D. All of the above 2. The following are characteristics of a good claim EXCEPT A. argumentative and debatable B. specific and focused C. interesting and engaging D. fun and entertaining 3. Jeremiah is happy because he gets good grades. Which question from the list below is explicit? A. Who is Jeremiah? B. Where is Jeremiah? C. What did Jeremiah feel after seeing his grades? D. What did Jeremiah do to be able to get a good grade? 4. What specific claim asserts some empirical (experience/ observation-based) truth? A. claim of fact B. claim of value C. claim of policy D. claim of judgment 5. Tears came out of Rhianne’s eyes when her teacher announced the honor students. Which question relative to the given scenario is implicit? A. What was announced? B. Who announced the honor students? C. What was the name of the girl who cried? D. Why did Rhianne cry? 6. Coronavirus is now classified as a pandemic. What type of claim is this? A. claim of judgment B. claim of policy C. claim of value D. claim of fact 2 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3 7. All characteristics are true about claim of fact EXCEPT A. Something that can be proven or disproven with facts B. Argues about the definition of something C. Argues for or against a solution or policy D. Argues whether something is a settled fact 8. Which of the following types of claim leads to action? A. claim of judgment B. claim of policy C. claim of value D. claim of fact 9. Which of the following question is intended for claim of policy? A. What action can be taken? B. Is it right or wrong? C. Is it true or untrue? D. Is it a yes or no? 10. Which among the claims is claim of policy? A. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the reason behind the existence of a respiratory ailment called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). B. With what is happening in the world now, we should spend more on research. C. Coronavirus disease is now considered to be a pandemic. D. Coronavirus disease was first discovered in China. 11. In claim of policy, which modal verb should not be used? A. have to B. should C. must D. could 12. Giving vaccines to children without sufficient scientific studies is wrong. What specific claim is the given statement? A. claim of value B. claim of policy C. claim of cause D. claim of fact 13. This question is intended for claim of value. A. What action can be taken? B. Is it right or wrong? C. Is it true or untrue? D. Is it a yes or no? 3 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3 14. Which is not the reference of claim of value? A. philosophy B. fiction C. ethics D. belief 15. Which among the claims is a claim of value? A. Marijuana pertains to major parts taken from the Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica plants such as seeds, dried leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds. B. Marijuana has an adverse effect if it will be used for recreational purposes. C. Marijuana should be legalized for medical purposes. D. Marijuana can be used to treat insomnia. 4 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  Lesson 1 Claim of Fact As a critical reader, you may encounter texts that exhibit specific claims. Some can be directly stated while others can be mentioned indirectly. It is important to know how you can identify them and how you can distinguish the type of claims a written text has. These are the key concepts and skills you have to learn in this lesson. What’s In After learning about the properties of a well-written text, analyzing the stand or argument of a text would be your next step. Here, you are encouraged to illustrate a good level of understanding of the written text through verification, affirmation, and assertion. This undertaking leads to bits of information covering a discourse called claims. What’s New Examine the pictures below. Write one direct observation that you can see in the picture and one indirect observation that you can infer from the picture. Direct Observation Indirect Observation 5 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3 Claims are synonymous to belief, argument, assertion, or stand. According to (Tiongson 2016, 20-21), a good claim should be argumentative and debatable, specific and focused, interesting and engaging, and logical. This information can be explicit or implicit. An explicit claim is directly stated in the text. It is when you can easily point out the information in the passage. Meanwhile, an implicit claim is indirectly expressed in the text and you need to look for clues or make inferences to understand its meaning. There are three types of claims in written texts. One of which is the claim of fact. Simply, this claim is a statement that reports, describes predicts, makes causal claims, or whether something is a settled fact. What’s More A. Read the text and write down E if the piece of information is explicit or write down I if it is implicit. “Congratulations, Rosie! Your parents must be proud of you.” The teacher greeted her with delight. It was graduation day and Rosie managed to stand on stage and delivered her speech in front of her fellow graduates and guests. She ended her speech thanking her Alma mater and her parents and said, “Let us trust God’s plan.” Rosie left the stage with tears in her eyes as the clicking of the medals could be heard from afar. As she approached her parents, they kissed her and gave her a big hug and uttered, “We love you, dear! Your success is our success. We will surely celebrate at home. 1. The teacher congratulated Rosie. 2. Rosie stood on stage and delivered her speech. 3. Rosie was full of happiness. 4. Rosie was a hard-working and intelligent student. 5. The parents of Rosie promised to celebrate her success. B. Put a check mark (✓) if the statement is a claim of fact and put a cross mark (X) if it is not. 1. The Department of Education shows its readiness on the ‘new normal’ in the teaching and learning process. 6 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  2. Curfew must be enforced by parents to their children. 3. Vaping can have the same side effects as smoking. 4. The closing of Philippine borders to tourists is one way to slow down the spread of COVID-19. 5. Doing videos in TikTok is more exciting than vlogging. 6. Research says that people can reduce stress by taking a nap. 7. It is more beneficial for a child to grow up speaking more than one language than knowing only his or her mother tongue. 8. National ID system should now be implemented in the Philippines. 9. Neil Armstrong made a history as the first man to walk on the moon. 10. Watching K-Drama is the best form of entertainment. What I Have Learned On a separate sheet, copy and complete the table below by listing the needed information. 3 THREE new things that you have learned today. 2 TWO things that you will work on for improvement. 1 ONE thing that you should review before moving on to the next lesson. What I Can Do On a separate sheet of paper, write a 150-word paragraph on a topic about “Social Media: Benefits and Drawbacks”. In this essay, you are REQUIRED to use claims such as claim of fact which you learned from the lesson. INDICATE the claim(s)you used and write it at the bottommost part of your paper. You are free to encode and print it on a bond paper. A rubric is attached for your reference on checking the essay. The highest point that you can get for each criterion is five (5). Otherwise, if the description for each criterion is not met, you will get four (4) points. This writing activity will have a total score of 20. 7 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  RUBRIC FOR ESSAY Highest CRITERIA Possible SCORE Score Use of Claims 5 Did you use 5 or more arguable claims? Content Does your paragraph show a focus on the central idea? 5 Did you provide evidence to support your claim? Structure Did your paragraph a show smooth and logical 5 transition? Is it organized with a good flow of thought? Conventions Does your paragraph show little or no errors in sentence structure, spelling, capitalization, and 5 punctuation? Did you use formal vocabulary with an appropriate tone? TOTAL 20 Additional Activities To learn more about this lesson, go online at kahoot.com using the link or the QR codes below. Here’s how: Open your browser and go to kahoot.com On the top part of the website, click play and then type the game pin provided by the teacher Type your nickname then click ‘Ok, go’ You are now ready to play the game. 8 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  Explicit & Implicit Claim: https://bit.ly/3yGssvQ For easy access, try to scan the QR code provided. Claim of Fact https://bit.ly/37BiCzu For easy access, try to scan the QR code provided. In case that you do not have means to access this activity, list down five claims you watched from the COVID-19 updates and identify if it is explicit or implicit. Notes to the Teacher To make this lesson exciting, you may host the game at kahoot.com. Here’s how you can do it: Open your browser and use the link or scan the QR code above. Click play as guest then choose “Classic” Give the game pin provided to your students Wait for them to enter the game and then click start. 9 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  Lesson 2 Claim of Policy In this lesson, you are expected to learn how to determine another type of claim in a written text. Claim is described as a debatable set of words or a concept that allows the source to influence the receiver for acceptance. It is equated to an opinion, idea, or assertion. What’s In Claim has been associated with words such as belief, argument, assertion or stand. It can be classified according to method and nature. Explicit claim and implicit claim are types of claim based on method. On the other hand, claim of fact, claim of policy and claim of value are types of claim based on nature. In the last module, you have learned that claim of fact is an argument that is based on reality, it considers time (past, present, and future). Now, we’re moving on to the claim of policy. Notes to the Teacher You may visit websites that are found in the reference part of this module as a learning booster. 10 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  What’s New Reveal the mystery term by finding the keywords from the puzzle. List down the key words and the mystery word on a separate sheet. What is It Claim of policy is the argument where actions should be carried out. Basically, it is perceived as a relatively direct statement. This claim can also be called claim of solution because it suggests and supports policies and solutions, and the action to be taken is based on the results. You will know if a statement is a claim of policy if there is an action to be done or a solution to be taken. What’s More Analyze each statement below. Then answer the guide questions on a separate sheet. 1. Gender equality should be supported by every Filipino. Is there an action to be done? If yes, what is that action? What type of claim is this? 11 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  2. The pandemic which the world is experiencing takes away lives; thus, Filipinos are ought to stay at home. Is there an action to be done? If yes, what is that action? What type of claim is this? 3. The Bayanihan to Heal as One Act is implemented to fight COVID 19 crisis and therefore should be obeyed. Is there an action to be done? If yes, what is that action? What type of claim is this? 4. Spreading fake news amid pandemic will not help at all; hence, by all means, it should be stopped. Is there an action to be done? If yes, what is that action? What type of claim is this? 5. Frontliners save lives while sacrificing their own; discrimination against these people should not be tolerated. Is there an action to be done? If yes, what is that action? What type of claim is this? What I Have Learned Complete the sentence by writing down the letter of the correct word. A. Should C. Intervention E. discipline G. action B. Result D. Comparison F. problem H. love 1. Claim of policy is also called claim of solution because it proposes ____________ to solve the existing problem. 2. ______________ is the main element of claim of policy. 3. The suggested action is based on the identified ______________. 4. “Ought”, “must”, and _____________ can be directly or indirectly stated in the claim. 5. In claim of policy, one can notice the possible solution because there is an existing __________________. 12 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  What I Can Do Pretend that you are one of the officers of the Supreme Student Government (SSG) in your school and you are tasked to write a report about your school. The report should contain three current problems or concerns experienced by students like you. More so, a possible solution for each problem should also be proposed. Merge your identified problems and solutions to produce three claims of policy. Be guided by the rubric that follows. Criteria 5 points 3 points 1 point All the details that Some important Many details are Content are being asked are details may be missing. included. missing. Writing shows a Most of the points Some points remain high degree of remain misplaced Organization misplaced and stray attention to logical and stray from the from the topic. content. topic. No spelling or Few mechanical Many mechanical Mechanics grammatical errors errors errors Total Additional Activities On a separate sheet, write ‘CP’ if the given statement is a claim of policy and ‘NCP’ if not. 1. Anti-Text Scam Bill should be passed as a law to protect the people. 2. Euthanasia also known as mercy killing is against the Law of God. 3. We should not support nor do Euthanasia or mercy killing in the Philippines because it is still an act of killing. 4. Abortion should not be legalized in the Philippines because every child is a gift. 5. Every child has the right to be born whether he/she is made out of love or anything else. Doing abortion is doing a criminal act. 13 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  Lesson 3 Claim of Value In this lesson, you are going to learn more about another type of claim – something that allows the readers to decide what should or should not be valued. It is beyond facts and beyond policies but surely appeals to your emotions and justifications. Later in this lesson, you are expected to be able to identify different types of claims from a written text. What’s In Previously, you have learned that claim of policy is an argument that offers solutions based on the identified problems. Action is its main core; thus, its end result is when a certain action has been taken or implemented. However, other than taking action, making justification is also as important. So, this will be the focus of this lesson. Notes to the Teacher You may visit websites that are found in the reference part of this module as a learning booster. What’s New On a separate sheet, write the answer to the riddle to reveal the mystery word. You caught me first at home but over the years, you formed me in school. 14 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3 Claim of value is an argument based on morality, belief, ethics, or philosophy. It is influentially stated by combining limited facts and proving them as either good or bad by targeting the reader’s emotion. It is also called claim of judgment because the reader has to decide whether the argument or proposition is right or wrong or has to be accepted or rejected. In other words, this type of claim is more appealing to the reader’s subjectivity. If the argument challenges the decision-making or judgment leading to acceptance or rejection of the reader, then it is considered to be a claim of value. What’s More Answer the three questions relative to the listed issues. Write your answers on a separate sheet. A. Does it appeal to your judgment? B. Is it right or wrong? C. What type of claim is this? 1. Bullying will never be right. 2. Security is more important than privacy. 3. In the midst of pandemic, restriction is much better than individual freedom. 4. Fake news is not worthy of our attention. 5. Discriminating our front liners who save our lives does not make sense. What I Have Learned Write the letter of the word which completes the statement. Use a separate sheet. A. Result E. action B. evaluation F. judgment C. emotion G. problem D. bad H. ethics 15 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  1. Claim of value appeals to __________. 2. Words like good or __________ allow us to recognize claim of value. 3. Claim of value is also called __________ because it persuades the readers to decide whether to value or not an argument. 4. Morality, philosophy, belief, or __________ are references of claim of value. 5. Acceptance and rejection must be done with claim of value after the argument undergoes thorough comparison and __________. What I Can Do On a separate sheet, write an acrostic poem about the essence of claim of value. V A L U E 16 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3 Be guided by the rubric below. CRITERIA 5 points 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point The The The acrostic acrostic The acrostic acrostic The has a shows more does not has a little acrostic is problem problems display Content lapse with logically with with content content written. content content congruency congruency congruency congruency at all... The words It reveals It displays Some used in the high Less critical good degree critical piece have no Organization degree of thinking is of critical thinking is relationship critical presented. thinking. present. with the thinking. topic It is free It has It has more Misspelled The words from limited Mechanics misspelled words are are mostly distracting distracting words. committed. misspelled. spelling. spelling. Total Additional Activities On a separate sheet write ‘CV’ if the statement is a claim of policy and write ‘NCV’ if not. 1. Mercy killing is objectionable because it is still an act of killing. 2. Self-restriction during the pandemic is better than individual freedom. 3. Discrimination has no place in a good society because it weakens its moral fiber. 4. Hallucination is the side effect of using marijuana. 5. According to studies, smoking causes lung cancer. 17 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  Assessment Write the letter of the best answer on a separate sheet. 1. The following are characteristics of a good claim EXCEPT A. argumentative and debatable B. specific and focused C. interesting and engaging D. fun and entertaining 2. Coronavirus is now classified as a pandemic. What type of claim is this? A. claim of judgment B. claim of policy C. claim of value D. claim of fact 3. Jeremiah is happy because he gets good grades. Which question from the list below is explicit? A. Who is Jeremiah? B. Where is Jeremiah? C. What did Jeremiah feel after seeing his grades? D. What did Jeremiah do to be able to get a good grade? 4. Tears came out of Rhianne’s eyes when her teacher announced the honor students. Which question from the list below is implicit? A. What was announced? B. Who announced the honor students? C. What was the name of the girl who cried? D. Why did Rhianne cry? 5. What specific claim asserts some empirical (experience/ observation-based) truth? A. claim of fact B. claim of value C. claim of policy D. claim of judgment 6. Which of the following statements is an example of a claim? A. Ruiz believes that change has come. B. Filipinos need to exercise their right to vote. C. Annie thinks that we should have a universal health care. D. All of the above 18 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3 7. Which of the following types of claim leads to action? A. claim of judgment B. claim of policy C. claim of value D. claim of fact 8. Which among the claims is claim of policy? A. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the reason behind the existence of a respiratory ailment called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). B. With what is happening in the world now, we should spend more on research. C. Coronavirus disease is now considered to be a pandemic. D. Coronavirus disease was first discovered in China. 9. All characteristics are true about claim of fact EXCEPT A. Something that can be proven or disproven with facts B. Argues about the definition of something C. Argues for or against a solution or policy D. Argues whether something is a settled fact 10. Which of the following question is intended for claim of policy? A. What action can be taken? B. Is it right or wrong? C. Is it true or untrue? D. Is it a yes or no? 11. This question is intended for claim of value. A. What action can be taken? B. Is it right or wrong? C. Is it true or untrue? D. Is it a yes or no? 12. Giving vaccines to children without sufficient scientific studies is wrong. What specific claim is the given statement? A. claim of value B. claim of policy C. claim of cause D. claim of fact 13. Which among the claims is a claim of value? A. Marijuana pertains to major parts taken from the Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica plants such as seeds, dried leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds. B. Marijuana has an adverse effect if it will be used for recreational purposes. C. Marijuana should be legalized for medical purposes. D. Marijuana can be used to treat insomnia. 19 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3 14. Which is not the reference of claim of value? A. philosophy B. fiction C. ethics D. belief 15. In claim of policy, which modal verb should not be used? A. have to B. should C. must D. could 20 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3  Module 3 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS 21 Assessment What I Know 1. D 1. D 2. D 2. D 3. C 3. C 4. D 4. A 5. A 5. D 6. D 6. D 7. B 7. C 8. B 8. B 9. C 9. A 10.A 10.B 11.B 11.D 12.A 12.A 13.B 13.B 14.B 14.B 15.D 15.B Lesson 2 Lesson 1 What's More What's More Lesson 3 1. What's More A. Yes. A. B. Gender equality should be 1. Explicit 1 A. Yes supported by every Filipino. B. Right C. claim of policy 2. Explicit C. claim of value 2. 3. Implicit A. Yes 2. A. Yes B. Filipinos are ought to stay at 4. Implicit B. Answer may vary home. C. claim of policy 5. Explicit C. claim of value 3. B. 3. A. Yes A. Yes B. Right B. Bayanihan to Heal as One Act 1. ✓ should be obeyed. 2. X C. claim of value C. claim of policy 3. ✓ 4. A. Yes 4. A. Yes 4. ✓ B. Right B. Spreading fake news should be 5. X C. claim of value stopped. 6. ✓ 5. A. Yes C. claim of policy 5. 7. X B. Right A. Yes 8. X C. Claim of value B. discrimination against these 9. ✓ people should not be tolerated. C. claim of policy 10. X Answer Key References Books Tiongson, Marella Therese A. and Rodriguez, Maxine Rafaella C. Reading and Writing Skills Manila: Rex Book Store Inc., 2016, 20-21. Electronic Sources “Claims of Policy or Solutions,” Colorado State University, accessed May 21, 2020, https://writing.colostate.edu/guides/page.cfm?pageid=1088&guided=54. Robertson, Eric. “Claims of Fact, Value, and Policy.”June 15, 2018. YouTube video, 16:01. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KJW1WQxddPQ “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2,” Wikipedia, last modified May 28, 2020, https://en https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severe_ _acute_respiratory_syndrome_coronavirus_2 “Unit 4: Common Arguments,” Writing Arguments, last modified August 25, 2013,https://www.writingarguments.com/claims-of-policy.html. “What is Marijuana?,” National Institute on Drug Abuse, accessed May 21, 2020, https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/marijuana. 22 CO_Q3_Reading and Writing Skills SHS Module 3 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600 Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985 Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]