Arnis: Filipino Martial Art - History, Techniques, and Equipment

Lesson 1: Arnis Learning Objectives: At the end of the lesson; students must be able to: - Express the desire to tell history and evolution of arnis; - State the benefits and advantages of arnis; - Enumerate and explain the cardinal rules of martial arts (arnis); and identify the equipment us...

Lesson 1: Arnis Learning Objectives: At the end of the lesson; students must be able to: - Express the desire to tell history and evolution of arnis; - State the benefits and advantages of arnis; - Enumerate and explain the cardinal rules of martial arts (arnis); and identify the equipment used in Arnis What is Arnis? Arnis - is a stick made out of rattan that is 28 inches long. It is a Filipino martial art that can be performed individually or with a partner using a single stick or a pair of sticks for striking and blocking; can also be used for self-defense. Two Types of Arnis: 1. Anyo or form - Athletes would perform sequences of movements using 2 batons. 2. Laban, or full combat competitions - Players are required to strike their opponent’s different body parts with one baton. GRANDMASTER REMY AMADOR PRESAS Filipino arnis master and the Founder of Modern Arnis At the age of 6, he was already learning the fundamentals of kali He studied arnis under Rodolfo Moncal, Timoteo Marranga, and Grandmaster Venancio Bacon (Marranga's instructor), and all experts in arnis and the "Balintawak" style of stick fencing. He became a proficient in Judo, jujitsu, and Karate. MODERN ARNIS Incorporates empty-hand moves based upon the same motions used in solo baston and sinawali. He left in 1975 on a goodwill tour sponsored by PH government to spread arnis to other countries. HISTORY OF ARNIS The races that settled in the Philippines came from India, Southwest Asia, China, Malaysia and Indonesia. Produced common methods for employing sharp swords, daggers, and fire-hardened sticks in combat. One of the earliest known forms was called "tjakelele" (Indonesian fencing) or later referred to as "Kali" HISTORY OF ARNIS When the Spanish invaded the Philippines, they require firearms to restrain the native population. The fighting skills of native warriors nearly defeated them. The Spanish soldiers dubbed the native stick and bladed fighting style "escrima" also called "eskrima" (skirmish) Spanish conquering the Philippines gave rise to the banning of escrima. The natives preserved arnis by disguising it in the form of dances or "mock battles" staged in religious plays known as "moro-moro". The plays featured Filipinos, sometimes costumed as Spanish soldiers, wearing "arnes", the harness worn during medieval times for armor. Arnis incorporates 3 related methods: - "Espada y daga" (sword and dagger) - "Solo baston" (single stick) - "Sinawali" (to weave) Arnis, also known as "kali", "eskrima", "baston", etc. is completely martial art system, encompassing weapons training and empty-hand self-defense. The term "arnis" is believed to be a Tagalog corruption of Spanish term "arnes", or "harness", a reference to the decorations worn by early Filipinos. 1975 Major Favian Ver noted enthusiast and practitioners of Arnis formed the National Arnis Association of the Philippines (NARAPHIL) with the objective "to unite all Arnis group in the Philippines" July 1986 - Arnis Philippines (ARPHI) was established with the same objective as NARAPHIL. December 11, 2009 Former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo signed and approved RA 9850 or "AN ACT DECLARING ARNIS AS THE NATIONAL MARTIAL ART AND SPORT OF THE PHILIPPINES". Wherein the author of this act is Senator Juan Miguel Zubiri and also a practitioner of Arnis. WHERE DID IT CAME FROM? it was originally came from another martial art system, called "tjakelele" (this is the name of the branch of the Indonesian martial art system known as pentjak silat). Kali itself emphasizes bladed weaponry apart from practice with the stick. Another idea is that kali was brought here during the Shri- Vishayan (7th-14th centuries) and Madjapahit (13th- 16th centuries) empires. empires The third idea is that 10 (or 9) Bornean datus fled here and settled in various parts of the Philippines. Modern History of Arnis The popularity of arnis was clearly observed through dialects in different regions: Panandata (Tagalog) Kalirongan (Pangasinense) Dadja or kabaraon (Ilocanos) Pangakli-kali (Ibanag) Sinawali (Pampangeno) and Kaliradman or pagaradaman (Visayan) Other names of arnis are: eskrima, kali, estoque, and tilakada. Five Fundamental Forms of Arnis 1. Solo baston- In this form, the arnisador fights with a single stick, called a baston. 2. Doble baston- Here the arnisador uses two bastons of equal length. 3. Espada- When the arnisador wields a long baton and a shorter one simultaneously. 4. Dos manos- When the arnisador grips the stick with two hands. In this form the stick is longer, from thirty- five to forty-five inches from tip to tip. 5. Bare-hand fighting is called mano-mano. Nature, Values, Principle, Objectives and Goals of Arnis 12 Principles of Arnis 1. Being one with the Weapon - an olise or a stick is the primary weapon in Balintawak Eskrima. 2. Drilling- Through two-man drills 3. 12 angles of attack- Every angle of striking targets specific spots of a body. 4. Vision- Look at your enemy's eyes at all times. 5. Timing and Rhythm- you should know when to use your technique. 6. Mental States - the thinking process is slow and often times. you will be late if you think before you react. 7. Speed 8. Economy- Economical movements are a necessity. Seek out the shortest trajectory 9. Relaxation-Stay relaxed and loose, to make explosive. 10. Principles of Blocking, Throwing, and Striking with Power- Numerous principles of body dynamics are utilized to build superior power. 11. Distance and Range 12. Positioning Yourself - Weapons must be delivered at the proper distances for defense or attack. Objectives and Goals In general, It Creates awareness and develops the ability to protect and preserve oneself through the proper application of the Filipino martial art of Arnis. Also, build a character of Nationalism and Patriotism thru learning the system of this sport. Another one is to Instill Self- Confidence, Discipline, and Body Awareness in the performance of the skills. BENEFITS AND ADVANTAGES OF ARNIS AS A FORM OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BENEFITS OF FILIPINO MARTIAL ARTS-ARNIS 1. Burns Calories and Keeps You in Good Shape. 2. Learn Practical Self-Defense 3. Develop more Confidence 4. Inherit Mental Discipline and Focus 5. Promotes Improvement 6. Forge the Warrior Spirit within you 7. Relieve Stress 8. Build Strong Bonds CARDINAL RULES OF MARTIAL ART-ARNIS The cardinal principle in Arnis is "respect for one's opponent as a person and as a fighter, and as a sportsman". 1. Character- Refinement in character is important. 2. Sincerity- sincerity for victory's sake is not the all-consuming end of an Arnis player. It is the sincerity in him to his fellow man and to his art that makes him shine in the array of men. 3. Discipline- Arnis is a molder of discipline. 4. Self-control - losing one's head means defeat. 5. Etiquette - etiquette is allied to the main cardinal rules in arnis. One's norm and standard should never be imposed upon others. One should learn how to respect others. 6. Student's loyalty - loyalty should be emphasized to the student, loyalty to the art, to a fellow player, and to his teacher. WEAPONS AND EQUIPMENTS IN ARNIS WEAPONS: Wooden stick/Rattan stick/yantok, called a cane or baston (baton), which varies in size, but is usually about 28 inches (71 cm) in length. It is commonly used in practicing forms(Anyo) and Stick Fighting Sword and Dagger also called Espada y' daga, this weapon is use in forms(Anyo) competition in a category of Double weapon. Padded Stick, it is a weapon used in Sparring event and usually about 28 inches long. It is typically color Blue and Red. GEARS: Head Gear, it is necessity in arnis combat which gives you a vital protection from head strikes Body Armor Vest, it gives a protection to your upper body and typically it's in color blue and red.  Hand Gloves serve as a protection from strikes as the stick is held in hand. Its design and structure further ensure that a stable grip is maintained. Arm and Leg Guard, provide complementary protection to your upper arm and lower leg to a arnis combat. Groin Guard, it protects the sensitive body part of a men and women. FACILITIES OF ARNIS-COMPETITION Dimensions The playing area is a square measuring 8.0 meters by 8.0meters with a two (2) meters minimum free zone around it, and a clear space without any obstruction up to a height of not less than 5 meters from the playing surface. Lines of the Playing Area All lines of the playing surface are 5.08 cm. (2 inches) and must be of different color from that of the floor and other lines previously drawn for other purposes. Boundary Lines Four lines mark the boundary of the playing area. The free zone distance measuring 2.0 meters are drawn outside of the playing area.  Match Lines Two lines of 1.0 meter long and 2.0 meters apart mark the horizontal match line. The horizontal match lines are drawn 3 meters from the boundary lines that run perpendicularly to the official's table, and 3.5 meters from the boundary line that run parallel to the official's table. EVALUATION 1. What is the legal basis of Arnis as National Martial and Sport? 2. What are the main weapons used in Arnis? 3. Who is the author of RA 9850? 4. What gear use to protect the sensitive part of the body? 5. What is the usual size or length of a rattan stick? LEARNING ESSENTIALS Arnis is a "complete" martial arts system that integrates both armed and unarmed techniques that is becoming widely popular all over Europe and North America. Unlike other martial arts that teach the use of weapons only after years of unarmed training, students of Arnis learn to use weaponry first. Its philosophy is that the same technique can be applied to any weapon, just as its versatility allows for it to blend seamlessly with many other martial arts. Filipino Martial Arts (FMA) Arnis continues to grow in popularity as a favoured combat system made unique by its roots in indigenous self-preservation and expansive influences: from mimicking the Spanish Espada Y Daga (Sword and Dagger) to other combative styles of the Malay and Chinese. Not only does, it provide us with a unique lens into the versatility of Philippine society and culture, it proves to be a practical and effective form of self-defense.