PASS Session 4 (A) - The Peripheral Nervous System.docx

**[PASS Session 4 (A) (W5 Semester) -- *The Peripheral Nervous System*]** **[Expectations:]** - **PASS is a relaxed environment. Feel free to bring coffee, lunch etc.** - **A PASS leader is not a tutor, although we are here to help you learn the content and understand key concepts.**...

**[PASS Session 4 (A) (W5 Semester) -- *The Peripheral Nervous System*]** **[Expectations:]** - **PASS is a relaxed environment. Feel free to bring coffee, lunch etc.** - **A PASS leader is not a tutor, although we are here to help you learn the content and understand key concepts.** - **It is a judgement free environment. Remember there are no silly questions!** - **This worksheet is just a guide. We may not cover everything, but if anything, it will help to identify any knowledge gaps that we can address.** [ ] **[Contact:]** **Feel free to send me an email regarding any topics that you feel you need some extra help with. I will try to respond as quickly as possible.** **Please contact me on: [[Jack.Towsey\@newcastle.edu.au]](mailto:[email protected])** **[Learning Objectives:]** - Know the name & number and main functions (identifying from this if they are sensory, motor or both/mixed) of each of the 12 cranial nerves. - Be able to interpret cranial nerve testing results or predict results arising from specific damage, based on your knowledge of the nerves and their sensory and motor functions. - Outline briefly the structures of each special sensory organ and how these allow the required functions. - Outline briefly the roles and functions of the sensations of touch, pain and proprioception, and the receptors involved. - Understand the purpose and information described by the dermatome and myotome maps, and be able to outline the pattern of distribution of the spinal nerves in relation to the level of vertebral column at which they enter/emerge. - Be able to predict (generally) the areas of the body that will be affected by damage to a particular spinal nerve, based on its vertebral level (and the dermatome/myotome maps). - Briefly describe the sensory information carried by the spinal nerves. - Be able to use your knowledge of the peripheral nervous system to interpret the deficits and symptoms seen in clinical cases involving the nervous system damage or disease. 1. Match the descriptions on the table below to the correct cranial nerve. Once you have correctly matched the corresponding cranial nerves, please state whether they have **sensory, motor, or both** functions. Smell ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Eye movements (Lateral rectus muscle) Hearing & balance Tongue movements Vision Eye movements (superior oblique muscle) Taste from posterior 1/3 of the tongue, swallowing, salivary secretion Eye movements, pupil constriction, raising eyelids Taste from anterior 2/3 of the tongue, movement of muscles of facial expression Sensation to head and face, including gums and teeth. Movement of muscles of mastication Sensory & motor autonomic supply to most organs Movement of neck muscles, voluntary swallowing & vocal cords Vagus Nerve (CN X) Sensory/Motor/Both? ---------------------------------------------- --------------------- Abducens Nerve (CN VI) Sensory/Motor/Both? Vestibulocochlear Nerve (Auditory) (CN VIII) Sensory/Motor/Both? Olfactory Nerve (CN I) Sensory/Motor/Both? Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII) Sensory/Motor/Both? Trigeminal Nerve (CN V) Sensory/Motor/Both? Oculomotor Nerve (CN III) Sensory/Motor/Both? Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX) Sensory/Motor/Both? Trochlear Nerve (CN IV) Sensory/Motor/Both? Optic Nerve (CN II) Sensory/Motor/Both? Facial Nerve (CN VII) Sensory/Motor/Both? Accessory Nerve (CN XI) Sensory/Motor/Both? 2. What is a pneumonic that you know that can help you to remember these cranial nerves? 3. What is a pneumonic that you know that can help you to remember whether they are sensory, motor, or both? 4. On the image below, identify some of the key anatomical landmarks and discuss what this is used for. 5. The eye has two primary receptors within it to assist with certain vital functions. a. What are the two receptors? b. What are each of those receptors used for? 6. What does our sense of hearing & balance rely on for this to occur? 7. How many pairs of spinal nerves exist? 8. On the image below, demonstrate how we can divide the spinal nerves up into their 5 corresponding anatomical locations.  9. What are the **four** sensory functions carried in afferent neurons travelling in spinal nerves? 10. What are the two receptors that provide the sense of body position (AKA Proprioception)? c. d.