Modern Breeds and Egg Industry PDF

Modern Breeds and Egg Industry Table and Hatchery Egg Production (AP 315) Dr. Basheer Nusairat Lines 2 Poultry Classification Poultry are classified into: - Classes: classification based on geographic location such as those used for chicken (Mediterranean, Ameri...

Modern Breeds and Egg Industry Table and Hatchery Egg Production (AP 315) Dr. Basheer Nusairat Lines 2 Poultry Classification Poultry are classified into: - Classes: classification based on geographic location such as those used for chicken (Mediterranean, American, English, Asiatic) - Breed: animals grouped together and share common characteristics such as comb type (e.g. Leghorn, Rhode Island Red, etc…) - Type: refers to the purpose for which the poultry are bred (meat-type or egg-type production) Poultry Taxonomy Chicken and Turkey are classified as follows: ❑ Phylum: Chordata ❑ Subphylum: Vertebrate ❑ Class: Aves ❑ Superorder: Carinatae ❑ Order: Galliformes ❑ Species: Gallus gallus (chicken) Meleagris gallopavo (turkey) Modern Breeds of Chickens The importance of breeding: - To improve the economic potential of these pure line - To improve productivity (meats and eggs) - To meet expanded market demands  Breeds and Varieties of Chickens Used in Breeding Programs 1- Single Comb White Leghorn (white shell egg production) 2- Single Comb Rhode Island Red (brown egg) Breeds and Varieties of Chickens Used in Breeding Programs 3- New Hampshire (light- brown egg) 4- Cornish (short leg and body is broad, brown egg production) Breeds and Varieties of Chickens Used in Breeding Programs 5- Barred Plymouth Rock (brown egg) Egg Production Lines Egg production lines are those used to produce pullets for the production of commercial table eggs with either a white or brown shell White-Eggs Lines: All commercial white-egg lines of chickens are Single Comb White Leghorns. But, today most breeders cross birds of two or more lines to produce the commercial pullet Egg Production Lines White-Eggs Lines: - Many traits will be considered in the selection such as: Body weight Egg weight Growth rate Egg production Livability Eggshell quality Pullet quality Interior egg quality Age at sexual maturity Ability to convert feed to egg Egg Production Lines Brown-Egg Lines: - Shell color has no effect on the nutritive value - Consumer preference - Birds producing brown-shell eggs are 15-20% larger than those producing eggs with white shells - Disadvantage: feed cost is high because large body weight