photo.jpg

## Mometrix cannot monitor carbon dioxide retention. Oximeters cannot differentiate between different forms of hemoglobin, so if hemoglobin has picked up carbon monoxide, the oximeter will not recognize that. ### ECG The electrocardiogram (ECG) records and shows a graphic display of the electrica...

## Mometrix cannot monitor carbon dioxide retention. Oximeters cannot differentiate between different forms of hemoglobin, so if hemoglobin has picked up carbon monoxide, the oximeter will not recognize that. ### ECG The electrocardiogram (ECG) records and shows a graphic display of the electrical activity of the heart through a number of different waveforms, complexes, and intervals: - **P wave:** Start of electrical impulse in the sinus node and spreading through the atria, muscle depolarization. - **QRS complex:** Ventricular muscle depolarization and atrial repolarization. - **T wave:** Ventricular muscle repolarizations (resting state) as cells regain negative charge. - **U wave:** Repolarization of the Purkinje fibers. A modified lead II ECG is often used to monitor basic heart rhythms and dysrhythmias. Typical placement of leads for 2-lead ECG is 3 to 5 cm inferior to the right clavicle and left lower ribcage. Typical placement for 3-lead ECG is (RA) right arm near shoulder, (1.A) V5 position over 5th intercostal space, and (LL.) left upper leg near groin. ### ADMINISTRATION OF 12 LEAD ECG The electrocardiogram provides a graphic representation of the electrical activity of the heart. It is indicated for chest pain, dyspnea, syncope, acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolism, and possible MI. The standard 12 lead ECG gives a picture of electrical activity from 12 perspectives through placement of 10 body leads: - 4 limb leads are placed distally on the wrists and ankles (but may be placed more proximally if necessary) - **Precordial leads:** - V1: right sternal border at 4th intercostal space - V2: left sternal border at 4th intercostal space - V3: Midway between V2 and V4 - V4: Left midclavicular line at 5th intercostal space. - V5: Horizontal to V4 at left anterior axillary line. - V6: Horizontal to V5 at left midaxillary line. In some cases, additional leads may be used: - **Right-sided leads** are placed on the right in a mirror image of the left leads, usually to diagnose right ventricular infarction through ST elevation.