NSTP-Lecture-1-Citizenship-Training (1).pdf
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ENGR. ARJAY C. ALCANTARA Instructor I Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Mariano Marcos State University City of Batac, 2906 Learning Outcomes At the end of the chapter, the students are expected to: 1. Discuss the principles underpinning...
ENGR. ARJAY C. ALCANTARA Instructor I Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Mariano Marcos State University City of Batac, 2906 Learning Outcomes At the end of the chapter, the students are expected to: 1. Discuss the principles underpinning good citizenship, rights and responsibilities of citizen service and volunteerism for national development; 2. Explain the history and significance of the establishment of NSTP; 3. Discuss the significance of the Philippine Constitution and Bill of Rights; 4. Create awareness and understanding of the and duties and obligations of every citizen; 5. Relates the Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines; and 6. Responds community spirit in volunteerism, good citizenship values and the voter’s education. A program wherein it develops our characters to become more mindful of our responsibilities, rights and roles in the society. Through NSTP education, students will be able to make positive contribution by developing the knowledge and experience needed to claim responsibilities. 1935 Constitution of the Philippines “The welfare of the people is the primordial reason for the existence of a state hence; government service is a public trust, the so-called distributive justice”. Every citizen has the duty to fulfill his/her responsibility in the achievement of progress and development through his/her cooperation and active participation in the affairs and activities of the state – to serve the state in times of emergency as stated in the constitution (the so-called legal justice). 1935 Constitution – requires male and female students to take ROTC 1987 Constitution – ROTC for female students was voluntary The youth as the most valuable resource of the nation, shall be motivated, trained, organized and mobilized in military training, literacy, civic welfare and other similar endeavors in the service of the nation. To attain this goal, the NSTP was made a part of the curriculum. Tertiary students, male and female of any baccalaureate degree course or at least two (2) years technical-vocational courses in public and private educational institutions are required to complete one (1) of the NSTP components as requisite for graduation. ROTC which was originally mandatory was made optional and voluntary. provides military training to tertiary level students in order to motivate, train, organize and mobilize them for national defense preparedness. It aims to instill patriotism, moral virtues, respect for rights of civilians, and adherence to the Constitution, among others. designed to train students and to become mentors of literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out-of-school youth, and other segment of the society in need of their service. promotes activities contributory to the general welfare and betterment of life for the members of the community or the enhancement of its facilities, especially those devoted to improving health, education, environment, entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of citizenry. The NSTP Law or RA 9163 also known as “An Act Establishing the National Service Training Program (NSTP) for tertiary level students, amending for the purpose Republic Act No. 7077 and Presidential Decree No. 1706, and for other purpose,” was enacted last January 2002 to amend the Expanded ROTC. This program aimed to enhance civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth by developing the ethics of service and patriotism while undergoing training in any of its three (3) program components, specifically designed to enhance the youth’s active contribution to the general welfare. (a) All incoming freshmen students, male, female, starting school year (SY) 2002-2003, enrolled in any baccalaureate and in at least two (2) year technical-vocational or associate courses, are required to complete one (1) NSTP component of their choice, as a graduation component; (b) All higher and technical-vocational education institutions must at least offer one (1) other NSTP component; (c) State Universities and Colleges (SUCs), shall offer the ROTC component and at least one (1) other NSTP component; (d) The Philippine Military Academy (PMA), Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PMMA), Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA), and other SUC’s of similar nature, in view of the special character of these institutions, are exempted from the NSTP; (e) Private higher education and technical-vocational education institutions with at least 350 student cadets may offer the ROTC component and consequently establish/ maintain a Department of Military Science and Tactics (DMST), subject to the existing rules and regulations of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP). Each of the NSTP components shall be undertaken for an academic period of two (2) semesters for 54 to 90 training hours per semester. It shall be credited for three (3) units per semester. The completion of ROTC training as a requisite for graduation is set aside for students who have completed all their academic requirements for their respective courses as certified by the school on or before the effectivity of the NSTP Act of 2001, which is March 23, 2002. The concerned students may apply for graduation in their respective schools. Constitution basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or social group that determine the powers and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people in it. “body of rules and principles in accordance with which powers of sovereignty are regularly exercised.” (de Leon, 2005) 1987 Constitution was rectified by Filipinos in a plebiscite held on February 2, 1987 “We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society and establish a government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of our democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.” Provides that the following are citizens of the Philippines: Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time 1. of the adoption of the constitution; Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the 2. Philippines; Those born before January 17, 1973 of Filipino 3. mothers, who elect the Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of majority; and Those who are naturalized in accordance with law. 4. For every right, there is always a corresponding responsibility. The following are important duties and obligations of every person who lives in a constitutional democracy like the Philippines. (dela Cruz, et.al, 2005). 1. To be loyal to the Republic 2. To defend the State 3. To contribute to the development and welfare of the State 4. To uphold the Constitution and obey the laws 5. To cooperate with duly constituted authorities 6. To exercise rights responsibly and with due regard for the right of others 7. To engage in gainful work 8. To register and vote Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws. Life – the right of an individual to his body in its completeness, frees from dismemberment, and extends to the use of God-given faculties which make life enjoyable. Liberty – the chief elements of the guaranty to liberty (right to contract, the right to choose one’s employment, the right to labor and the right to locomotion. Property – includes anything that can come under the right of ownership and be the subject of contract (Right to secure, use and dispose) Due Process – a law that hears before it condemns, which proceed upon inquiry and renders judgment only after trial Equal Protection Of The Law – all persons or things similarly situated should be treated alike, both as to rights conferred and responsibilities imposed. Section 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause to be determined personally by the judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. Search Warrant – an order in writing issued in the name of the People of the Philippines signed by a judge and directed to peace officer, commanding him to search for personal property Warrant of Arrest – an order to take a person into custody in order that he may be bound to answer for the commission of an offense Section 3. (1) The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable except upon lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise, as prescribed by law. (2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the preceding section shall be inadmissible for any purpose in any proceeding. Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances. Section 5. No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship, without discrimination or preference, shall forever be allowed. No religious test shall be required for the exercise of civil or political rights. Scope of the Non-Establishment Clause 1. The State cannot set up a church 2. The State cannot pass laws which aid one religion or prefer one over another 3. The State cannot influence a person to go to or remain away from any church against his will 4. The State cannot force anybody to profess a belief or disbelief in any religion Section 6. The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of the court. Neither shall the right to travel be impaired except in the interest of national security, public safety, or public health, as may be provided by law. Section 7. The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be recognized. Access to official records, and to documents and papers pertaining to official acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to government research data used as basis for policy development, shall be afforded the citizen, subject to such limitations as may be provided by law. Section 8. The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private sectors, to form unions, associations, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged. Section 9. Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation. Section 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed. Limitations to the Freedom to Contract 1. Police Power – pre-existing contracts can yield to the reasonable exercises of police power especially with reference to the promotion of social justice 2. Power of Eminent Domain – may impair contracts. Social justice cannot be invoked to trample of the rights of property owners who are also entitle to protection 3. Power of Taxation – the guarantee against impairment of contract will not serve as a limitation to the powers of the government to impose taxes 4. Freedom of Religion – free exercise of religious belief is superior to contractual rights Section 11. Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person by reason of poverty. Section 12. (1) Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have the right to be informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel preferably of his own choice. If the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he must be provided with one. These rights cannot be waived except in writing and in the presence of counsel. (2) No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any other means which vitiate the free will shall be used against him. Secret detention places, solitary, incommunicado, or other similar forms of detention are prohibited. (3) Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this or Section 17 hereof shall be inadmissible in evidence against him. (4) The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions for violations of this section as well as compensation to the rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar practices, and their families. Section 13. All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, or be released on recognizance as may be provided by law. The right to bail shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required. Section 14. (1) No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law. (2) In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed innocent until the contrary is proved, and shall enjoy the right to be heard by himself and counsel, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him, to have a speedy, impartial, and public trial, to meet the witnesses face to face, and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of witnesses and the production of evidence in his behalf. However, after arraignment, trial may proceed notwithstanding the absence of the accused: Provided, that he has been duly notified and his failure to appear is unjustifiable. Section 15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion, when the public safety requires it. Section 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies. Section 17. No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself. Section 18. (1) No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and aspirations. (2) No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist except as a punishment for a crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted. Section 19. (1) Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted. Neither shall death penalty be imposed, unless, for compelling reasons involving heinous crimes, the Congress hereafter provides for it. Any death penalty already imposed shall be reduced to reclusion perpetua. (2) The employment of physical, psychological, or degrading punishment against any prisoner or detainee or the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities under subhuman conditions shall be dealt with by law Section 20. No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax. Section 21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense. If an act is punished by a law and an ordinance, conviction or acquittal under either shall constitute a bar to another prosecution for the same act. Section 22. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted. Miranda Rights “You have the right to remain silent. Anything you can say and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be provided for you. Do you understand the rights I have just read to you? With these rights in mind, do you wish to speak to me?” A milestone document in the history of human rights. Drafted by representatives with different legal and cultural backgrounds from all regions of the world, the Declaration was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on December 10, 1948 as a common standard of achievements for all peoples and all nations. 1. Defend our country from enemies and invaders 2. Pay his or her taxes willingly or promptly 3. Be loyal to our country 4. Take care and conserve our naturalresources 5. Help our country for growth and development 6. keep our surroundings clean 7. Study well and become a productive individual 8. Obey the laws and maintain peace and order in the community. 9. Preserve the Filipino culture and identity 10. Participate actively in various government program 11. Vote wisely and choose candidates who can serve the people and our country 12. Respect of the rights of others 1. Right to receive, primarily through competent instruction, relevant quality education in line with national goals and conducive to their full development as persons with human dignity. 2. The right to freely choose their field of study subject to existing curricula and to continue their course therein up to graduation except in cases of academic deficiency, or violation of disciplinary regulations. 3. The right to school guidance and counseling services for making decisions and selecting the alternatives in fields of work suited to his potentialities. 4. The right to access one’s own school records the confidentiality of which the school shall maintain and preserve. 5. The right to the issuance of official certificates, diplomas, transcript of records, grades, transfer credentials, and other similar documents within 30 days from request. 6. The right to public a student newspaper and similar publications, as well as the right to invite resource persons during assemblies, symposia and other activities of similar nature. 7. The right to free expression of opinions and suggestions and to effective channels of communications with appropriate academic and administrative bodies of the school or institution. 8. The right to form, establish, join and participate in organizations and societies recognized by the school to foster their intellectual, cultural, spiritual and physical growth and development or to form, establish, join and maintain organizations and societies for purposes not contrary to law. 9. The right to be free from involuntary contributions, except those approved by their own organizations or societies. 1. Exert his utmost to develop his potentialities for service, particularly by undergoing an education suited to his abilities, in order that he may become an asset to his family and to society. 2. Uphold the academic integrity of the school, endeavor to achieve academic excellence. And abide by the rules and regulations governing his academic responsibilities and moral integrity. 3. Promote and maintain the peace and tranquility of the school by observing the rules of discipline, and by exerting efforts to attain harmonious relationships with fellow students, the teaching and academic staff and other school personnel. 4. Participate actively in civic affairs and in the promotion of the general welfare, particularly in the social, economic and cultural development of his community and in the attainment of a just, compassionate and orderly society. 5. Exercise his rights responsively the knowledge that he is answerable for any infringement or violation of the public welfare, and of the rights of others. 1. Makadiyos development of one’s spiritual prowess and deepening of one’s faith in the god one believes in. faith practiced and manifested in day-to-day life activity by living in accordance with one’s belief putting into action and test the tenets of adhered religion by accepting with much hope and confidence the trials and challenges that some our way. 2. Makatao man as the center and epitome of creation must be given preference and attention by every human being at all times and in every activity and human endeavor. Progress and development must center on man’s total human enhancement, deepening of relationship and respect of dignity acknowledging that human beings are created equal. 3. Makabayan patriotism and nationalism is a sign of loyalty and dependence to the sovereignty and adherence to one’s own government. These values are manifested by our request and loyalty to the Filipino flag the symbol of our liberty and integrity as Filipinos and at the same time develop the spirit of nationalism evident in our preference and pride of the Filipino products. 4. Makakalikasan the song “Kapaligiran” is a wakeup call and reminder of the significance and importance of ecological balance and out duty and responsibility to care for Mother Nature. Man’s duty and sense of responsibility to Mother Earth is supreme in the agenda of every development knowing that what we do with our environment will greatly affect the next generation. The continuous destruction of the ecology poses a dangerous threat to the environment and eventually to the people. Experience and history reminds s of the wrath and fry of nature when abused or misused. Responsibility compels us to safeguard and protect nature Republic Act No. 8491 AN ACT PRESCRIBING THE CODE OF THE NATIONAL FLAG, ANTHEM, MOTTO, COAT- OF- ARMS AND OTHER HERALDIC ITEMS AND DEVICES OF THE PHILIPPINES Section 2. Reverence and respect shall at all times be accorded the flag, the anthem and other national symbols which embody the national ideals and traditions and which express the principles of sovereignty and national solidarity. The heraldic items and devices shall seek to manifest the national virtues and to inculcate in the minds and hearts of our people a just pride in their native land, fitting respect and affection for the national flag and anthem, and the proper use of the national motto, coat-of- arms and other heraldic items and devices. Section 4. The flag of the Philippines shall be blue, white and red with an eight- rayed golden- yellow sun and three five- pointed stars, as consecrated and honored by the people. Section 5. The flag shall be displayed in all public buildings, official residences public plazas, and institutions of learning everyday throughout the year. Section 6. The flag shall be permanently hoisted, day and night throughout the year, in front of the following; at Malacañang Palace Hoisting and Display of the National Flag Congress of the Philippines building Rizal Monument in Supreme Court building Luneta, Manila Aguinaldo Shrine in Barasaoin Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan Kawit, Cavite Tomb of the Unknown Soldier Libingan ng mga Bayani Musuleo de los Beteranos dela Revolucion all International Ports of Entry Section 7. The flag shall also be displayed in private buildings and residences or raised in the open flag- staffs in front of said buildings every April 9 (Araw ng Kagitingan); May 1 (Labor Day); May 28 (National Flag Day) to June 12 (Independence Day); last Sunday of August (National Heroes Day); November 30 (Bonifacio Day); and December 30 (Rizal Day); and on such other days as may be declared by the President and/or local chief executives. Section 8. All government agencies and instrumentalities, and local government offices, government- owned corporations and local government units are enjoined to observe Flag Day with appropriate ceremonies. Section 9. The flag shall be flown on merchant ships of Philippine registry of more than one thousand (1000) gross tons and on all naval vessels. In time of In time of Peace War Flag Pole Hoisting and Display of the National Flag Section 11. If on stage or platform or government office, the flag shall be at the left (facing the stage) or the left of the office upon entering. Section 14. A flag worn out through wear and tear shall not be thrown away. It shall be solemnly burned to avoid misuse or desecration. The flag shall be replaced immediately when it begins to show signs of wear and tear. Section 15. The flag shall be raised at sunrise and lowered at sunset. It shall be on the mast at the start of official office hours, shall remain flying throughout the day. Section 18. All government offices and educational institutions shall henceforth observe the flag-raising ceremony every Monday morning and the flag lowering ceremony every Friday afternoon. The ceremony shall be simple and dignified and shall include the playing or singing of the Philippine National Anthem. Section 21. During the flag-raising ceremony, the assembly shall stand in formation racing the flag. At the moment the first note of the anthem is heard, everyone in the premises shall come to attention; moving vehicles shall stop. All persons present shall place their right palms over their chests, those with hats shall uncover, while those in military, scouting, security guard, and citizens military training uniforms shall give hand salute prescribed by their regulations, which salute shall be completed upon the last note of the anthem. Section 22. During the flag lowering, the flag shall be lowered solemnly and slowly so that the flag shall be down the mast at the sound of the last note of the anthem. Those in the assembly shall observe the same deportment or shall observe the same behavior as for the flag-raising ceremony. Section 23. The flag shall be flown at half-mast as a sign of mourning on all buildings and places where it is displayed, as provided for in this Act. Section 24. The flag may be used to cover the caskets of the honored dead of the military, veterans of previous wars, national artists, and of civilians who have rendered distinguished service to the nation, as maybe determined by the local government unit concerned. In such cases, the flag shall be placed such that the white triangle shall be at the head and the blue portion shall cover the right side of the caskets. The flag shall not be lowered to the grave or allowed to touch the ground, but shall be folded solemnly and handed over to the heirs of the deceased. Section 25. The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance to the Philippine Flag: Ako ay Filipino Buong katapatang nanunumpa Sa watawat ng Pilipinas At sa bansang kanyang sinasagisag Na may dangal, katarungan at Kalayaan Na pinakikilos ng sambayanang Maka-Diyos Maka-tao Makakalikasan at Makabansa Section 26. The period from May 28 to June 12 of each year is declared as Flag Days, during which period all offices, agencies and instrumentalities of government, business establishments, institutions of learning and private homes are enjoined to display the flag. Section 34. It shall be prohibited a. To mutilate, deface, defile, trample, on or cast contempt any act or omission casting dishonor or ridicule upon the flag over its surface; b. To dip the flag to any person or object by way of compliment or salute; c. To use the flag: 1. As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth 2. As covering for ceilings, walls, statues or other objects; 3. As a pennant in the hood, side, back and top of motor vehicles; 4. As a staff or whip; 5 For unveiling monuments or statues; and 6. As trademarks or for industrial, commercial or agricultural labels or designs. d. Display the flag: 1. Under any painting or picture; 2. Horizontally face-up. It shall always be hoisted aloft and be allowed to fall freely; 3. Below any platform; or 4. In discotheques, cockpits, night and day clubs, casinos, gambling joints and places of vice or where frivolity prevails. e. To wear the flag in whole or in part as a costume or uniform; f. To add any word, figure, mark, picture, design, drawings, advertisements, or imprint of any nature on the flag; g. To print, paint or attach representation of the flag on handkerchiefs, napkins, cushions, and other articles of merchandise; h. To display in public any foreign flag, except in embassies and other diplomatic establishments, and in offices of international organizations. i. To use, display or be part of any advertisement of infomercial; and j. To display the flag in front of buildings or offices occupied by aliens. Section 35. The National Anthem is entitled Lupang Hinirang. Section 36. The National Anthem shall always be sung in the national language within or without the country Section 40. The national Motto shall be “MAKA- DIYOS, MAKA-TAO, MAKAKALIKASAN AT MAKABANSA.” By living according to good citizenship values which we can derive from the preamble of the Constitution - Faith in God, Unity, Patriotism, Work, Respect for Life, Respect for Law and Government, Truth, Justice, Freedom, Love, Equality, Peace, Promotion of the Common Good, Concern for the Family and Future Generations. Values Derived from the Latin word “valere” which means to be strong and vigorous Values of Society the standards or principles for which an act is judged to be what is right or wrong, correct or incorrect. Family Basic unit in the Philippine society It is here where values and principles are nurtured and imbibed in each member of the family. The tradition of close family ties has long been practiced and considered as the foundation of the Philippine society. So much is the effect of this tradition that the members of the constitutional commission of the 1987 Philippine Constitution deemed it proper to include it as a State Policy and a chapter of the fundamental law of the land. Thus, Article XV, Section 1 of the said constitution provides that “The State recognizes the Filipino family as the foundation of the nation.” Maka – Diyos - faith and belief in almighty God, respect for life, order, work and concern for family and future generations Maka – Tao – love, freedom, peace, truth, and justice Makakalikasan – stewardship and love for the environment Makabansa – unity, equality, respect for law, patriotism and promotion for the common good For the voters and politicians alike, is going through all the trouble, as an essential part of a democratic process, worth it? Quite often, comments like “corruption in government never stops, regardless of who gets voted into office.” Anybody can get elected to office and nobody cares, insofar as the average voter is concerned. Voter Education typically addresses voters' motivation and preparedness to participate fully in elections. takes place to assist the election administration in its task of delivering a free, fair, efficient and cost-effective election provides potential voters with the necessary information to make an informed choice in the voting booth. A core component of the Clean Elections Act is to educate the public and voters on elections. means providing citizens of a democracy with basic information about participating in elections. An appropriate voter education would provide citizens with knowledge regarding: How to register to vote - most democracies require citizens to first register as a prerequisite to voting in elections or referenda How to complete ballot papers - filling out ballots incorrectly can mean an individual’s vote is misrepresented in the final count or counted as invalid. Therefore, clearly demonstrating how ballots are to be correctly filled out is essential The electoral system - it is important that citizens know how their votes will contribute to the final result in an election. Is the election conducted under a system of proportional representation or first past the post? Does it involve a more complicated preferential voting system? Get in Touch With Us Send us a message or visit us City of Batac, Ilocos Norte, Philippines (63) 77-600-0459 [email protected] Follow us for updates facebook.com/MMSUofficial www.mmsu.edu.ph
