NSTP-CWTS (Midterm) Module PDF

Module in NSTP-CWTS (Midterm) UNIT I. CITIZENSHIP TRAINING I. HISTORICAL AND LEGAL BASES OF NSTP Overview The National Service Training Program (NSTP) is a program designed to promote patriotism, civic duty, and preparedness among Filipino youth. It offe...

Module in NSTP-CWTS (Midterm) UNIT I. CITIZENSHIP TRAINING I. HISTORICAL AND LEGAL BASES OF NSTP Overview The National Service Training Program (NSTP) is a program designed to promote patriotism, civic duty, and preparedness among Filipino youth. It offers students in higher education an opportunity to contribute to nation- building. How Did NSTP Evolve? NSTP began as the ROTC, which focused on training students for military service. However, after feedback that the program was too restrictive, the NSTP Act of 2001 (RA 9163) was enacted, providing students with more choices. Now, students can choose among ROTC, Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS), and Literacy Training Service (LTS). Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of RA 9163 The IRR ensures that the NSTP is properly implemented. It requires students to take one NSTP component for two semesters, completing a total of 54-90 training hours per semester. The IRR also mandates the availability of these programs in all public and private higher education institutions. A Primer on National Service Training Program The NSTP has three options for students: 1. ROTC: Focuses on military training for national defense. 2. CWTS: Focuses on civic welfare projects, like disaster response or community service. 3. LTS: Trains students to teach basic literacy skills in underdeveloped areas. II. THE CONSTITUTION, THE FILIPINOS, AND THE SELF Philippine Constitution (Preamble) The Preamble of the Philippine Constitution sets out the ideals of the nation. It declares the Filipino people's desire for a government that promotes justice, peace, and the common good, and protects the freedom of its citizens. "We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.” The Preamble serves as an introduction to the Constitution and expresses the collective desire of the Filipino people to:  Seek the guidance of God.  Build a just and humane society.  Establish a government that promotes the common good.  Preserve the country’s resources for future generations.  Secure freedom, democracy, and peace for the people, ensuring that truth, justice, love, and equality are upheld. Meaning of the Preamble of the Philippine Constitution The Preamble serves as an introduction to the Constitution, expressing the core values and principles that guide the nation. Here's its meaning in simpler terms: 1. "We, the sovereign Filipino people," The citizens of the Philippines affirm their authority to govern themselves. 2. "imploring the aid of Almighty God," Acknowledging their dependence on divine guidance and support. 3. "in order to build a just and humane society," The goal is to create a fair and compassionate community where justice prevails. 4. "and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations," A government is formed to reflect the people's values, dreams, and hopes for the nation. 5. "promote the common good," The aim is to prioritize the welfare and well-being of all citizens. 6. "conserve and develop our patrimony," Committing to preserve and improve the country's natural resources, culture, and heritage for future generations. 7. "and secure to ourselves and our posterity," Ensuring that both present and future generations enjoy the rights and freedoms of the nation. 8. "the blessings of independence and democracy," The people cherish the benefits of self-governance and democratic principles. 9. "under the rule of law," The government operates according to established laws to ensure fairness and justice. 10. "and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace," The nation's leadership is guided by these core values in governance and public service. 11. "do ordain and promulgate this Constitution." The people formally enact and declare this Constitution as the highest law of the land.  Cultivating Growth and Citizenship Through Self-Awareness and Values Self-Awareness  Self-awareness involves recognizing your own feelings, strengths, and weaknesses. It is key to personal growth and helps individuals develop positive relationships with others. Example: A student who knows that they are good at public speaking but struggle with time management might work on improving their scheduling habits while continuing to develop their speaking skills. Good Citizenship Values  Being a good citizen means contributing positively to society by obeying laws, participating in community activities, and showing respect for others. Example: Respect for Life and Property: A good citizen does not engage in or tolerate vandalism and ensures that public spaces are well-maintained. Transformational Values  These are values that encourage positive changes in individuals and society, like honesty, perseverance, and social responsibility. Example: A person who values perseverance will keep working hard on their goals, even when faced with challenges, inspiring others to do the same. Self-Awareness and Personal Development through Human Values  Developing human values such as empathy, kindness, and respect for others enhances personal growth. These values help people relate better to others and make meaningful contributions to society. Example: Volunteering to tutor children from low-income families not only helps the children learn but also teaches the volunteer empathy and social responsibility.  UNIT II. RA 9165 AND DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION I. INTRODUCTION PROFILE OF DRUG USERS Majority are in the 15 – 29 age bracket. The mean age of drug user is 27 years old, Shabu and/or Marijuana are their drugs of choice. The ratio of male users to female is 14:1. Workers comprised 43.71% of the drug-patient population. Unemployed comprised 35.83%. Students comprised 5.13%. Out- of school youth comprised 1.18%. WHAT IS DRUG?  A drug is a chemical substance that brings about physical, emotional or behavioral change in a person taking it.  Is any substance other than food or water that is intended to be taken or administered for the purpose of altering, sustaining or controlling the recipient’s physical, mental or emotional state. WHAT IS DRUG ABUSE?  The use of any substance, licit or illicit, which results in an individual’s physical, mental, emotional or social impairments.  It is the use or consumption without medical authorization of medically useful drugs that alter mood and behavior.  It is the use of drugs and substance for a purpose different from the one for which it has been prescribed. CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS 1. Natural - anything that comes from nature like plants or animals. Ex. Marijuana, Snake Venom 2. Synthetic - anything that is produced artificially or processed in the laboratory. Example: shabu, cocaine, etc. CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS ACCORDING TO EFFECTS 1. Depressants – they depress or lower the functioning of the central nervous system of the body. Examples: a. Narcotics – which produce sleep or stupor and relieve pain. Ex. Opiates, opium, heroin, morphine and codeine. b. Tranquilizers – which calm anxiety, ease tension and relax the muscles. c. Sedatives– which calm the nerves reduce tension and induce sleep. Ex. Barbiturates, non-barbiturates alcohol) 2. Hallucinogens – also called psychedelics, these are drugs affect sensation thinking, self- awareness and emotion. They cause hallucinations in the users. They cause changes of sensation, distortion of perceptions, illusion and delusion. Ex. Marijuana, Mescaline and LSD (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide) 3. Stimulants - they stimulate the central nervous system, increase alertness and physical disposition, reduce hunger and yield a feeling of self-confidence and well-being. Ex. Caffeine, amphetamine, cocaine DRUGS COMMONLY USED 1. Shabu is the street name for the chemical substance known as “Methamphetamine Hydrochloride”. It is popularly known as “Poor Man’s Cocaine”. Other slang names are SHABS, UBAS, S, SHA, ICE, SIOPAO, TOBATS. It is a stimulant drug. 2. Marijuana is a mind-altering drug. Marijuana has many slang names. Some of them are pot, weed, grass and reefers. Someone who uses marijuana has slow reflexes, poor memory, short attention span, inability to think, changes in sense of time and space. It is a Hallucinogen Drugs. 3. Alcohol is a depressant drug. When a person drinks alcohol it’s absorbed directly into the bloodstream from the stomach and intestines. Drinking alcohol can cause drunkenness, inability to learn and remember changes in personality, increase in accidents, and trouble with other people. 4. Cigarettes/Tobacco Nicotine a highly addictive (habit forming) substance found in cigarettes/tobacco. Smoking, chewing tobacco gives you bad breath, smelly hands, and stained teeth. It can also cause cancer, heart disease and death. 5. Inhalant they are any liquid, solid or mixed substance that has the property of releasing toxin vapors or fumes. Ex. Solvents, glue, gasoline, chloroform, kerosene, paint thinner, naphthalene. 6. Ecstasy was the name given to Methylenedioxy Methamphetamine (MDMA) by a Los Angeles Manufacturer of the drug in order to market it. MDMA chemical structure is related to stimulants and some hallucinogens. Street names include E’s, ease, X, XTC, ECCIES, LOVE DRUG. II. DRUG ABUSE AND EFFECTS OF DRUGS REASONS WHY PEOPLE TURN TO DRUGS: Family Problems Lack of Parental Guidance Peer Pressure/Curiosity Boredom, Frustration Weak Personality, Desire to Escape from Reality COMMON SIGNS OF DRUG ABUSE: Injection marks of an addict. Unusual effort made to cover arms in order to hide needle marks. Stealing items which can be readily sold for cash (to support a drug habit). Changes in mood – depending on the drug taken. Example: depressed or becoming elated and euphoric. Association with known drug abusers Change from normal capabilities (work habits, efficiency, etc.) Change in attendance at work or school Wearing sunglasses constantly at inappropriate times (for instance, indoors or at night) or only to hide dilated or constricted pupils but also to compensate for the eyes’ inability to adjust to sunlight. Marijuana causes bloodshot eyes. Poor physical appearance, including inattention to dress and personal hygiene. SIGNS OF ADOLESCENT DRUG ABUSE: SCHOOL: Increased absenteeism and tardiness to classes Drop in grades Behavior problems in school Negative attitude about school SOCIAL LIFE / FRIENDS: Dropping out of old activities Dropping old friends. Making new friends who are drug users Strange sounding phone calls, with covert communication about drugs. EMOTIONAL LIFE: Basic mood changes: was outgoing, now withdrawn; was withdrawn, not outgoing; Incidents of inexplicable mood changes-euphoria followed by tenseness and edginess Caring less about everything-school, sports, other activities FAMILY: Very secretive (do not confuse with a need for privacy) Estrangement from family Less responsible at home More conflict at home Other Observable SIGNS OF ADOLESCENT DRUG ABUSE: A. PHYSICAL EFFECTS Red eyes Fatigue or hyperactivity Deterioration in personal hygiene Weight loss Sleep disturbances Also, there are various types of physical evidence that suggest possible use:  Drug paraphernalia  Use of incense (possibly to cover smell marijuana smoke)  Beer or liquor supply unaccountably diminished  Money or other valuables missing  Prescription drugs of family members disappearing B. PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS 1. Sought-after effects  Feelings of emotional closeness to others, facilitation of communication and increased sociability. Increased physical and emotional energy. 2. Short-term effect  Fatigue and perhaps depression after the drug is stopped.  Restlessness, anxiety and pronounced visual and auditory hallucinations at larger doses Nausea and vomiting.  A rise in blood pressure and heart rate, death from heart stroke. 3. Long-term effects  Prolonged regular use can lead to the same long-term effects as with synthetic stimulants, including a potential for neuro-toxicity and brain damage as well as liver damage. C. DIRECT HARMFUL EFFECTS OF DRUGS PHYSICAL EFFECTS  Malnutrition  Skin infections  Secondary infection  Fetal deformity  PTB. Bronchitis  Impaired perception & judgment  Hepatitis, cirrhosis  Secondary psychosis  Gastric ulcer  PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS  A motivational syndrome  Lowering of IQ SOCIAL EFFECTS  Socially non-functional  Interpersonal relationship deteriorates  Socially maladjusted SPIRITUAL EFFECTS  Pathological liars; manipulative  They forget God, drugs become their god  Lowering of their moral values  Prostitution D. INDIRECT HARMFUL EFFECTS OF DRUGS:  Broken relationships  Unemployment  Financial crisis  So much is being spent for the treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependents *Indirect harm may also be inflicted on family and others in the user’s life. HOW TO AVOID ABUSIVE HABITS 1. Learn how to deal with bad feelings. 2. Learn to relax  Using music to relax  Sports for relaxation  Meditation / prayer 3. Learn to find new interest, meet new people, go to new places put yourself into new situations. 4. Talk to someone you trust. Don’t bottle things up inside – cry, shout, laugh, feel sad about your problem.  Talk to your parents  Talk to your teacher  Talk to your spiritual director Talk to your family doctor  Talk to your friends 5. Give yourself the chance to be all you can be. Discover your special talents. Learn many skills and develop your own personality. III. UNLAWFUL ACTS AND PENALTIES Sections Title Punishable Acts Penalties Import or bring into the Philippines any - Life Imprisonment to Dangerous Drugs regardless of the Death quantity and purity involved including - Fine Ranging from any and all species of opium poppy or 500T to 10M pesos any part thereof or substances derived there from even for floral decorative and culinary purposes. Importation of Dangerous 4 Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals Use of Diplomatic passport, diplomatic - Maximum penalty of facilities or any other means Death Unless authorized by Law, import - 12 yrs. and 1 day to 20 controlled precursor and essential years chemical. Organizes, manages or act as financier - Maximum penalty of Death Protector / Coddler - 12 yrs. and 1 day to 20 years Unless authorized by law Sell, Trade, Administer, Dispense, Deliver, Give away to another, Distribute, Dispatch in transit - Life imprisonment to or Transport any dangerous drugs Death and a fine of 500T Sale, Trading, including any species of Opium poppy to 10M pesos Administration, regardless of the quantity and purity Dispensation, Delivery, involved 5 Distribution and Act as broker in any such other transaction Transportation of dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals Unless authorized by Law, SHALL Sell, - 12 yrs and 1 day to 20 Trade, Administer, Dispense, Deliver, yrs and a fine ranging give away to another, Distribute, dispatch from 100T to 500T in transit or transport pesos If STADDD or T within 100m from -Maximum Penalty of the school Death  Pushers who use minor or mentally incapacitated individuals as runner, couriers and messengers or in any capacity directly -Maximum Penalty of connected to the dangerous drugs and or death controlled precursor and essential chemical trade. If the victim of the offense is minor or a mentally incapacitated individual or should a dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor - Maximum Penalty of and essential chemical involved in any offense Death herein provided be the proximate cause of death of a victim Organizes, manages or acts as a financier - Maximum Penalty of Death Protector/Coddler - 12 years and 1 day to 20 years Maintain a den, dive or resort where any - Life imprisonment to dangerous drugs is used or sold in any form. Death and a fine ranging from 500T Maintain a den, dive or resort where any - 12 years and 1 day to controlled precursor and essential chemical is 20 yrs and a fine used or sold in any form. ranging from 100T to 500T Where any dangerous drug is administered, - Maximum penalty of Maintenance of a Den, Dive delivered or sold to a minor who is allowed to use Death 6 or Resort the same in such a place? Should any dangerous drugs be the proximate - Maximum penalty of cause of death of a person using the same in such Death and a fine den, dive or resort, (the maintainer ranging from 1M to 15M pesos If such den, dive or resort is owned by a third person, provided:  Specifically allege in the Criminal - Confiscated and Complaint that such place is escheated in favor of intentionally used in the furtherance of the Government the crime  Prove such intent on the part of the owner to use such property for such purpose  Owner shall be included in the criminal complaint  Organizes, manages a acts as a financier of -Maximum Penalty of any of the illegal activities Death Protector/Coddler - 12 years and 1 day to 20 years and a fine of 100T to 500T Is aware of the nature of the place as such 12 yrs and one day to Employees and Visitors of a and shall knowingly visit the same 20 years and a fine 7 Den, Dive or Resort Any employee of a den, dive or resort who from 100T to 500T is aware of the nature of the place. Manufacture of Dangerous Any person, unless authorized by the law Life imprisonment to Drugs and or Controlled shall engage in the manufacture of any death and a fine of 8 Precursors and Essentials dangerous drugs 500T to 10M pesos Chemicals Any person unless authorized by law shall 12 yrs and 1 day to 20 manufacture any controlled precursor and yrs and a fine of 100T essential to 500T IV. DANGEROUS DRUGS TEST AND RECORD REQUIREMENTS Section 36 – Authorized Drug Testing  Authorized drug testing shall be done by any gov’t forensic laboratories or by any of the drug testing laboratories accredited & monitored by the DOH to safeguard the quality of test results. The following shall be subjected to undergo drug testing: MANDATORY DRUG TESTING  Applicants for driver’s license.  Applicants for firearm’s license and PTC-FOR  Officers and members of the military, police and other law enforcement agencies.  All persons charged before the prosecutor’s office with criminal offense having an imposable penalty of imprisonment of not less than 6 yrs. & 1 day.  All candidates for public office whether appointed or elected both in the national or local government. RANDOM DRUG TESTING  Officers and employees of public & private sectors.  Students of secondary & tertiary schools. V. PARTICIPATION OF THE FAMILY, STUDENTS, TEACHERS & SCHOOL AUTHORITIES IN THE ENFORCEMENT OF THIS ACT Sec. 41. Involvement of the Family The family being the basic unit of the Filipino society shall be primarily responsible for the education and awareness of the members of the family on the ill effects of dangerous drugs & close monitoring of family members who may be susceptible to drug abuse. Sec. 42. Student Councils and Campus Organizations. All elementary, secondary and tertiary schools’ student councils & campus organizations shall include in their activities a program for the prevention of & deterrence in the use of dangerous drugs, & referral for treatment and rehabilitation of students for drug dependence. Sec. 43. School Curricula Instruction on the drug abuse prevention & control shall be integrated in the elementary, secondary, & tertiary curricula of all public and private schools, whether general, technical, vocational or agro-industrial as well as in non- formal, informal & indigenous learning systems. Such instructions shall include: 1. Adverse effects of the abuse & misuse of dangerous drugs on the person, the family, the school & the community; 2. Preventive measures against drug abuse; 3. Health, socio-cultural, psychological, legal & economic dimensions and implications of the drug problem; 4. Steps to take when intervention on behalf of a drug dependent is needed, as well as the services available for the treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependents; & 5. Misconceptions about the use of dangerous drugs such as but not limited to, the importance and safety of dangerous drugs for medical & therapeutic use as well as the differentiation between medical patients & drug dependents in order to avoid confusion & accidental stigmatization in the consciousness of the students. Sec. 44. Heads, Supervisors, and Teachers of Schools. For the purpose of enforcing the provisions of Article II of this Act, all school heads, supervisors & teachers shall be deemed persons in authority & as such, are hereby empowered to apprehend, arrest or cause the apprehension or arrest of any person who shall violate any of the said provisions, pursuant to Section 5, Rule 113 of the Rules of Court. They shall be deemed person in authority if they are in the school or within its immediate vicinity, or even beyond such immediate vicinity of they are in attendance at any school or class function in their official capacity as school heads, supervisors, & teachers. Sec. 45. Publication and Distribution of Materials on Dangerous Drugs. With the assistance of the Board, the Secretary of the Department of Education (DepEd), the Chairman of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) & the Director General of the Technical Education & Skills Development Authority (TESDA) shall cause the development materials on dangerous drugs to the students, the faculty, the parents & the community. Sec. 46. Special Drug Education Center. With the assistance of the Board, the Department of the Interior & Local Government (DILG), the National Youth Commission (NYC), & the Department of Social Welfare & Development (DSWD) shall establish in each of its provincial office a special education drug center for out-of-school youth & street children. Such Center which shall be headed by the Provincial Social Welfare Development Officer shall sponsor drug prevention programs & activities & information campaigns with the end in view of educating the out-of-school youth and street children regarding the pernicious effects of drug abuse. The programs initiated by the Center shall likewise be adopted in all public & private orphanage & existing special centers for street children. Sec. 46, c.3) National Commission (NYC) c.3.1) Conduct life skills training to the out-of-school youth, street children and young drug dependents; and c.3.2) Provide access to existing programs/services of NYC, such as, but not limited to, Ship for Southeast Asian Youth Program, Youth Entrepreneurship Program, and National Youth Parliament and Government Internship Program. VI. ROLE OF YOUTH IN DRUG DETECTION AND PREVENTION TIPS IN PREPARING ONESELF FOR LEADERSHIP: Know yourself Develop a love for people Be mentally alert Develop inner strength Develop a sense of values Do your work well Be observant Don’t set out to achieve big tasks immediately Keep an open mind on all subjects and toward all people Have a positive outlook in life Learn to adjust to change HOW TO ORGANIZE YOUTH GROUPS: Contact potential members Select an adult adviser Conduct your first meeting Structure your group Train group members Work with the community WHAT CAN YOU DO AS MEMBERS OF YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS: Work with other youth groups to support drug abuse prevention campaigns or programs in the community Start “Just Say NO” campaigns Organize a dramatic group and a presentation on drug abuse that can be made available to other organizations Organize (under professional guidance) a group of high school youth to conduct rap sessions or “sietehan” with elementary school children (fifth and sixth graders. Mount an exhibit and display projects. Plan and start “youth-to youth” programs WHAT CAN YOU DO AS MEMBERS OF YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS: Show films Have father-son/mother-daughter dialogues with role model as speakers, and make drug abuse prevention a major topic Launch an “information anonymous” center to which concerned young people can direct information on drug abuse which they can’t tell adults. Organize contests in poster making, jingle and skit writing. INTERESTING PROGRAMS FUND-RAISING ACTIVITIES “Saying No” Programs Sell Products Positive Peer Programs Perform Drug and Alcohol Information Programs Plan Special Events Alternative Programs Bargain Sales Printing Own Newsletter VII. KEY CONSIDERATIONS FOR LIFELONG CIVIC RESPONSIBILITY AND DRUG PREVENTION Civic Participation: Students involved in NSTP are encouraged to continue their civic duties beyond the program. A key goal is fostering a lifelong commitment to community service. Nation-Building as an Ongoing Process: Nation-building requires continuous participation from all sectors, especially the youth. Both NSTP and anti-drug programs emphasize the youth's crucial role in shaping a better society. Mental Health and Drug Prevention: Mental health issues are increasingly linked to drug abuse. Schools and communities should provide counseling services to address both drug abuse and mental health concerns, supporting students in dealing with stress and peer pressure. Values Formation in Schools: Schools are encouraged to integrate values formation activities that align with NSTP and RA 9165. These activities promote respect, responsibility, and self-discipline, building a foundation for a drug-free, service-oriented society. REFERENCE: Prof. Richard E. Dionisio (Drug Education Module)