Contemporary Philippine Arts From The Regions (Humanities 112) Past Paper Notes

COLEGIO SAN AGUSTIN-BACOLOD BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL First Semester, AY 2024-2025 CONTEMPORARYPHILIPPINEARTS FROM THE REGIONS...

COLEGIO SAN AGUSTIN-BACOLOD BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL First Semester, AY 2024-2025 CONTEMPORARYPHILIPPINEARTS FROM THE REGIONS (HUMANITIES 112) Content The learner: Standard shows understanding of the materials and techniques. Performance The learner: Standard discriminates among various materials and techniques. The learner: a. researches on techniques and performance practices applied to contemporary arts; Learning b. critiques available materials and appropriate techniques; and Competencies c. justifies the use of materials and the application of techniques. LESSON 5: Traditional Techniques to Contemporary Arts Creations At the end of this module, you will be able to:  researches on techniques and performance practices applied to contemporary arts;  identify the different materials and techniques used in contemporary arts; and  appreciate the techniques applied in creating arts. Content: In the previous lesson, you learned about a variety of local materials used in creating works of art. This knowledge will aid you in identifying the traditional techniques employed in contemporary arts, as the nature of the medium used often hints at these techniques. Recognizing the techniques and performance practices applied in contemporary arts may help you appreciate the materials utilized in each art form and enable you to select the appropriate materials and techniques for your upcoming creativity tasks. What you need to know: In the Philippines, there are regions known for their production of extraordinary, unique, and special products. These products serve as ambassadors, spreading the reputation of their place of origin far and wide. Local artisans in these regions employ traditional techniques in crafting these distinctive artworks, drawing attention and visitors to their communities. Art is invariably created using a technique. A technique refers to the method by which an artist utilizes and manipulates materials to convey an idea or emotion through their art. The distinctive character or nature of the medium determines the technique. The following are the commonly used traditional techniques incorporated into contemporary arts, observe how these techniques are adapted to create artworks that resonate with the present. 1. Carving - refers to the process of removing material from a solid block or surface to create a three dimensional object. This is often done using tools such as chisels, knives, and gouges to carve away unwanted material and shape the object into a desired form. National Museum (3rd F, Gallery XVI) Jose P. Alcantara (1911-2005) First Semester, AY 2024-2025 Colegio San Agustin-Bacolod Contemporary Philippine Arts From The Regions Basic Education Department HUMANITIES 1 1 2 Senior High School  Philippine Folklore (Commissioned by Philam Life Foundation in 1961) A 50-foot carved wood wall masterpiece by Jose P. Alcantara at the age of 50, one of the few artists who used the Philippine classical wood carving tradition. He was named as “the last maestro of traditional wood carving in the country”. It features elements from Philippine folklore, traditional musical instruments, and mythical characters like Maria Makiling and Malakas at Maganda, all known to have a semi-abstract approach to form. The wood carving also shows a continuous scene where Christians and Muslims are doing their own festivities while staying connected to each other.  Application of CARVING to contemporary arts. Bamboo is seen as savior of wood carving industry. 1st Philippine Bamboo Carving Competition Entries (BenCab Museum in Baguio) The exhibition is presented by the Philippine Bamboo Foundation, headed by Ed Manda. The foundation has introduced bamboo as an alternative medium to Ifugao woodcarvers, whose livelihoods have been threatened by the dwindling supply of hardwood. 2. Sculpting - a broader term that encompasses a variety of techniques for creating three- dimensional artworks. Carving is one of the method of sculpting. Sculpting can also involve adding material, molding, modeling, or assembling various components to create a sculpture. From sculpting anitos to images of saints and monuments, this traditional technique never grows old; it only improves as contemporary artists continue to explore and innovate by integrating two or more mediums and/or art forms into sculpting their masterpieces. Panaysayun sang Paranoblion (2019) A sculpted mural at the newly redeveloped Iloilo Provincial Capitol complex on Bonifacio Drive in Iloilo City, depicts Iloilo’s rich culture and heritage. Designed by architects Victor Jacinto, Ryan Angelo Braga, Kenneth Torre, and Jorge Cadiao, Jr. It was sculpted by architects Margarette Pampliega and Albert Pampliega. First Semester, AY 2024-2025 Colegio San Agustin-Bacolod Contemporary Philippine Arts From The Regions Basic Education Department HUMANITIES 1 1 2 Senior High School 3. Molding - a technique of shaping liquid or pliable material such as clay. Example: traditional pottery making - one of the longest traditions in Philippine art Manunggul Burial Jar Cooking pots Water jar Serving vessels For centuries, pottery has been an integral part of Filipino culture, serving as both functional objects and vessels of artistic expression. Each community developed its unique pottery techniques, designs, and aesthetics, often passed down through generations. These pottery traditions were deeply intertwined with cultural practices, rituals, and belief systems. Timeless elegant dinnerware set in neutral hues by Cornerstone Pottery Cornerstone Pottery Farm, owned by the husband-and-wife tandem EJ and Eva Espiritu in Silang, Cavite, creates food- safe stoneware and ceramics. Their products include dinnerware, tea sets, mugs, chimes, oil burners, and sculptures, all made through the traditional processes of casting and hand-forming. The artistry and functionality of home-use pottery in the Philippines reflect the ingenuity and cultural heritage of the Filipino people. These vessels not only serve practical purposes but also embody the spirit of tradition, connecting generations and preserving cultural identity. 4. Fabric weaving - a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth. Inabel (Ilocos Norte) A traditional handwoven fabric that carries the soul of the Ilocanos. It is a cultural gem that threads through history, heritage, and time. The patterns and motifs of Inabel frequently reflect the daily lifestyle of the weavers and our natural landscapes, emphasizing their connection to the environment and to their ancestors. Cotton Inabel fabric comes in both plain and patterned varieties. The softness, lovely patterns, and durability of Abel cloth are well-recognized and treasured. Inabel - “from farm to fabric to fashion” Four of the country’s leading designers turned the vision of Dr. Joven Cuanang, medical director of St. Luke’s Medical Center, arts patron and proud Ilocano, into reality, as they recently presented their respective collections made partly of inabel at the new wing of Pinto Arts Museum in Antipolo. First Semester, AY 2024-2025 Colegio San Agustin-Bacolod Contemporary Philippine Arts From The Regions Basic Education Department HUMANITIES 1 1 2 Senior High School  T’nalak (T’boli people in communities around Lake Sebu, Mindanao Island) This traditional cloth is hand-woven and made of Abaca fibers which traditionally have three primary colors, red, black, and the original color of the Abaca leaves. The cloth is believed to be patterned after visions that appeared to them in dreams. It is customarily used as a ceremonial blanket, women’s skirts, and men’s tailored suits, and forms part of the bride’s wealth in traditional marriage arrangements. The T’nalak textiles are reimagined in sleek, contemporary cuts by Mindanao-based designers. Toping Zamora (Davao) Xioti Chiu (Davao del Sur) Daryl Tejano (Agusan del Sur) Mark Suralta Pabon (South Cotabato) 5. Basketry - the craft of weaving or braiding flexible materials together to create containers, usually referred to as baskets. There are terms specific to basket weaving that you will need to know. The terms staves and spokes refer to the “skeleton,” or frame, of the basket. A weaver refers to the material being woven. The purposes of baskets include transportation, storage, and decoration. The purpose will determine the size and shape of the basket, as well as the best material and technique to use. Basketry has four different types of methods: Plaiting - the simplest basket weaving technique. The end result will typically be a flat, square, or rectangle-shaped basket. A simple plaiting is weaving the leaves together horizontally, vertically, or diagonally in an over-under pattern to create right angles, giving baskets made with this technique a checkerboard appearance. Pattern plaiting is woven in a specific pattern and can be woven with two different colors. Twining - two or more weavers are woven around spokes: one weaver goes in front of the spoke, and the other goes behind the spoke. The weavers are usually crossed over or twisted around each other in between spokes, so the type of material used for these baskets needs to be flexible. To make the basket more unique, two different colored weavers may be used to create a pattern, or create variations by adjusting the tightness of the rows. Baskets made using this technique are usually round. Wicker - the most difficult method. Similar to twining, it also starts with spokes and weave the material around the spokes, but you do not have to cross the weavers over each other in between spokes. Instead, the weavers are usually woven between the spokes in an alternating over one, under one pattern. By alternating, we mean that if the weavers are woven over one spoke and under the next spoke in one row, then on the row above, they will be woven under the spoke and over the next spoke. Wicker baskets can also have a series of two or three spokes that are being woven around, instead of just one. Coiling - involves taking a “core” material and wrapping it, then sewing the materials together to create a spiral. Because of the spiral shape, coiled baskets are usually round when finished. For stitching the pieces together, a threadlike material such as palmetto, raffia, or horsehair is usually used. First Semester, AY 2024-2025 Colegio San Agustin-Bacolod Contemporary Philippine Arts From The Regions Basic Education Department HUMANITIES 1 1 2 Senior High School  Common raw materials used in basketry: rattan, abaca, nito, tikog, buri, bamboo and pandan.  The Philippines maintains a vibrant tradition of basketry that continues to thrive, combining indigenous techniques with contemporary innovations. While traditional basketry techniques are still practiced, contemporary Filipino artisans are also experimenting with new designs and forms, blending traditional craftsmanship with modern aesthetics. This fusion of old and new adds a dynamic dimension to Filipino basketry, appealing to both traditionalists and contemporary consumers. 6. Tattooing - has a long history in Philippine culture, with traditional tattooing techniques used to adorn the body with symbolic designs and patterns, and is considered a permanent form of body adornment. Tattooing itself was so painful that it also served as a test of physical fortitude and manhood. It was the Spaniards who called the Visayans "Pintados" or painted ones and this term was also used to describe any tattooed male in Mindanao. Visayan warrior tattoos were bold linear designs on their legs and back. There were also floral designs on the chest, buttocks and back of their legs. These designs were copied from the fancy porcelain jars from China. The women, however, had very fine tattoos in their hands that looked like embroidery. This unique and colorful historical background of Leyte led to the formation of Pintados Foundation, Inc. in 1986 by the people of Tacloban. A year later, the first Pintados Festival was held on June 29. The Pintados Festival is a cultural- religious celebration in Tacloban based on the body-painting traditions of the ancient "pintados" warriors, which was later merged with the Kasadyaan Festival. First Semester, AY 2024-2025 Colegio San Agustin-Bacolod Contemporary Philippine Arts From The Regions Basic Education Department HUMANITIES 1 1 2 Senior High School  Among the contemporary tattoo artists who are transforming tattoo culture is a Toronto-based Filipina Tattoo artist, Ilona Fiddy. By reclaiming Filipino tattooing traditions in her works, she explores identity and the strength of community. She approaches and promotes hand-poked tattoos with intention, treating the art form as an ancient and loving act. From tattoos drawn from ancestral motifs from the Philippines to intricate chest adornments, Fiddy plays tribute to her Philippine heritage. Cosmetic Tattooing: Permanent and Semi-Permanent Makeup The cosmetic tattoo craze is at an all-time high these days. From microblading to permanent eyeliner which implements pigment into the papillary layer of the dermis, the catalog of cosmetic tattoos is ever expanding and becoming more commonplace. 7. Metalworking - Metalworking techniques such as casting, forging, and filigree are used to create jewelry, ornaments, and ceremonial objects from materials such as gold, silver, and brass. Jewelry artifacts crafted by the Ilongot people, an ethnic group from Luzon, include pieces made from pearls, red hornbill beaks, various plants, and metals. When an Ilongot headhunter wears red hornbill earrings, it signifies an exceptional event: that they have taken a life. These earrings, adorned in red, bright and swaying from the upper lobes of the ears, serve not only as body adornments but also as a signal universally understood within the community. red hornbill beaks Mother of Pearl Shell Arete: A Filipino Jewelry Brand For Modern Glamour inspired by the Philippine islands. This Filipino jewelry brand features mother of pearl and other natural materials in creative ways. They design earrings that summon island beauty. The journey from traditional techniques to contemporary arts is a testament to the resilience and adaptability of human creativity. As artists explore new mediums, technologies, and concepts, they build upon the foundations laid by centuries of tradition. Yet, while the methods may evolve and the styles may change, the essence of artistic expression remains constant. It is a timeless pursuit, driven by a desire to capture the human experience, challenge perceptions, and inspire emotions across generations. In this dynamic continuum, traditional techniques serve as both a source of inspiration and a springboard for innovation, ensuring that the rich tapestry of cultural heritage continues to weave its influence into the ever-changing landscape of contemporary arts. First Semester, AY 2024-2025 Colegio San Agustin-Bacolod Contemporary Philippine Arts From The Regions Basic Education Department HUMANITIES 1 1 2 Senior High School