Nervous System Past Paper PDF

## Nervous System ### Colour in and label the Nervous System (Image) - Cerebrum - pink - Cerebellum - blue - Spinal cord - orange - Brain stem - yellow - Nerves - green The image depicts the nervous system with the following labels: - Cerebrum - Brainstem/Medulla - Cerebellum - Spinal cord - Ne...

## Nervous System ### Colour in and label the Nervous System (Image) - Cerebrum - pink - Cerebellum - blue - Spinal cord - orange - Brain stem - yellow - Nerves - green The image depicts the nervous system with the following labels: - Cerebrum - Brainstem/Medulla - Cerebellum - Spinal cord - Nerves ### Label the neurons with the correct words (Image) - Axon terminal - Dendrite - Myelin sheath - Axon - Schwann Cell - Nodes of Ranvier - Cell body ### Link each organ to its main function/description | Organ | Function/Description | |---|---| | Skull | Bony structure that provides a protective cavity for the brain. | | Vertebrae | Bones or segments composing the spinal column, providing protection to the spinal cord. | | Neuron | The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. | | Central nervous system | The brain and the spinal cord, which contain control centers. | | Peripheral nervous system | Neural tissue outside the central nervous system whose function is to link it with sense organs and other systems. | | Dendrite | A treelike extension of the neuron cell body. | | Axon | The extension of a neuron by which it sends information to target cells. | | Brain | Organ that serves as the center of the nervous system. | | Spinal Cord | The extension of the brain, which main function is to establish communication between the brain and the body. | | Synapse | A physical gap between two neurons that functions as the site of information transfer from one neuron to another. | | Neurotransmitters | A chemical released by neurons at a synapse for the purpose of relaying information to other neurons. | ### Classify the sentences as true or false: | Sentence | True | False | |---|---|---| | The central nervous system (CNS) includes the brain and the cranial nerves. | ✅ | | The brain includes the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the brain stem. | ✅ | | All synaptic transmission is electrical rather than chemical. | | ✅ | | Dendrites conduct impulses away from the cell body. | | ✅ | ### Complete the sentences using the words presented below: The nervous system is made up of the **brain**, the **spinal cord** and a large network of **nerves** that covers all parts of the body. The brain and the spinal cord make up what is called the **central** nervous system. The rest of the nerves together are called the **peripheral** nervous system. The brain lies protected inside the **skull**. It is formed by the **cerebrum**, the **cerebellum** and the brain stem. The **cerebrum** has two halves, with one on either side of the head. The right half of the cerebrum controls the left side of your body and the left half controls the right side. The **cerebellum** sits at the back of the brain, below the cerebrum. It controls balance, movement and coordination. The **brain stem** sits beneath the cerebrum and in front of the cerebellum. It connects the rest of the brain to the **spinal cord** and controls all the functions your body needs to stay alive, like breathing, digestion and circulation. The spinal cord is a long bundle of nerves inside the spinal column, where the **vertebrae** protect it. Nerves carry communication signals or impulses around the body. There are two main types of nerves: **sensory** nerves and **motor** nerves. **Motor** nerves allow the brain to control our **muscles**. The sensory nerves carry signals from the outside world (from the senses) to the brain. So, the motor nerve signals travel from the brain to the **muscles** and the sensory nerve signals travel from the **senses** to the brain. Each nerve is made up of cells called **neurons**. Each has three important parts: the cell body, **dendrites** and the axon. **Axons** are covered by a fatty substance called **myelin** which helps the messages go fast through the neurons. Dendrites are branches off the main cell body. Information from one neuron flows to another neuron across a **synapse** (a small gap separating neurons). At the end of each nerve cell there is a synaptic terminal. This is full of extremely tiny sacs which hold neurotransmitter chemicals. For communication between neurons to occur, an **electrical** impulse must travel through the axon to the synaptic terminal, where it triggers the migration of **vesicles** containing **neurotransmitters** foward the membrane, releasing these molecules into the synaptic cleft. The neurotransmitter molecules then bind with **receptors** on the postsynaptic ending of the other neuron. This binding sparks an electrical charge which moves the nerve impulse forward.