Nature of Inquiry and Research PDF

Nature of Inquiry and Research Presented by Group 1  The Importance of Research in our Daily Life 1. Research guides us to understand different issues and concerns in our daily life. Research guides us in tackling life's issues, providing insights for informed decision-maki...

Nature of Inquiry and Research Presented by Group 1  The Importance of Research in our Daily Life 1. Research guides us to understand different issues and concerns in our daily life. Research guides us in tackling life's issues, providing insights for informed decision-making and problem-solving in areas like health, education, technology, and social and environmental issues. 2. Research to build knowledge and facilitate learning. Research unlocks understanding in various fields, providing new insights and knowledge that enhances decision-making, critical thinking, and personal growth, promoting lifelong learning and curiosity. The Importance of Research in our Daily3. Life Research guides us to determine the strengths and weaknesses of a plan or course of action. Research aids in evaluating plans and decisions by collecting data, analyzing information, and predicting outcomes. It guides smarter choices, improves strategies, and prepares for challenges, boosting success in business, personal life, or public policy. 4. Research is a means to identify new opportunities. Research serves as a valuable tool for discovering new opportunities in daily life, keeping us informed about trends, technologies, and market gaps, empowering entrepreneurs, innovators, and individuals to improve finances and personal growth. The Importance of Research in our Daily5.Life It allows us to support or disapprove theories and concepts. Research is a systematic, evidence-based method used to test and prove theories and concepts, ensuring understanding is based on real evidence, not just guesses. Why should research then be conducted? The general aim of any research endeavor is the enhancement of the quality of life. Specifically, research should be conducted for the following aims:  Why research then be conducted? 1. Research aims to describe. Research aims to describe a phenomenon, situation, or topic, providing a detailed account of what is happening and its characteristics. 2. Research aims to explore. Exploration research is a method that uncovers new insights, connections, or patterns in a subject, fostering creativity and generating new hypotheses, such as examining plant characteristics for medicinal purposes.  Why research then be conducted? 3. Research aims to explain. Explanatory research aims to provide a logical explanation of phenomena, often involving in-depth analysis and the development of theories or models. It helps us understand complex issues, predict outcomes, and improve our understanding.  CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Ethics Standards for Research 1 1.The need for informed Research involves consent obtaining informed consent from study participants. This includes explaining the study's purpose and assuring participants of the strict confidentiality of their information, aligning with research ethics and legal requirements 2. The need for data security and Researchers are obligated to protect the privacy and identity of confidentiality participants, adhering to ethical principles and legal standards.  CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Ethics Standards for Research 3. The need for voluntary 1 Research respects participants' autonomy, allowing them to withdraw participation. from the study at any point if they feel uncomfortable. 4. Research upholds academic This is done by citing and acknowledging authors and references appropriately, followingintegrity. established citation standards such as the American Psychological Association (APA) guidelines. This ensures the avoidance of plagiarism and upholds the standards of research professionalism.  CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Ethics Standards for 5. ResearchResearch acknowledges and communicates the potential risks, 1 including inconvenience,discomfort, or harm associated with participation. 6. Research seeks consent for the publication of study results, with the condition that the participant's identity will remain confidential. 7. Researchers must take special precautions when involving populations or animals which may not be considered to understand fully the purpose of the study. CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Ethics Standards for Research 8. Authorship must be granted and limited to those who made a 1 significant contribution to the research endeavor. 9. Research results should be made accessible to the public the research is concluded or as soon as is available. once 10. Only the correct data, information, and research results shall reported in journals, conferences, and reports to clients in case ofbe commissioned research.  CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Ethics Standards for Research 11. Confidentiality and proprietary rights of peers, colleagues, and 1 students whose material are reviewed for publication, presentation, or funding by a grant must be respected. 12. Respect cultural, individual, and role differences among research participants and consumers, including those based on age, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, nationality, ethnicity disability, language, or socioeconomic status.  CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Qualities Required of a Researcher 1. Intellectual 2 Curiosity The research engages in a thoughtful and inquisitive process, wanting to ensure that participants fully comprehend the research project's purpose, methods, and potential risk. 2. Prudence Research is conducted wisely and efficiently, respecting participants' rights and privacy while minimizing risks.  CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Qualities Required of a 3. Researcher Healthy 2Criticism Acknowledging potential risks, discomfort, and inconveniences the participants may encounter, questioning and doubting the truthfulness of results, and highlighting the ethical aspect of being honest about potential downsides is essential in research to identify and mitigate any negative consequences. 4. Intellectual The researcher Honesty should commits to honesty in collecting and handling data, and this is explicitly conveyed to the participants.  CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Qualities Required of a Researcher 5. Intellectual 2 Intellectual creativity Creativity is an essential quality for a researcher. The creative aspect of research lies in how the researcher designs and conducts the study, interprets findings, and contributes to knowledge. 03 Key Attributes of a Quality Research 1. Quality research is empirical. Research relies on direct experiences or observations made by the researcher. CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 03Key Attributes of a Quality 2. Quality research is logical. Research is founded on Research sound principles and valid procedures. 3. Quality research is cyclical. The research process is cyclical, 4.initiating Quality with a problemis Research and concluding with analytical. a problem. Research employs established analytical methods for data collection, encompassing historical, CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 03Key Attributes of a Quality 5. Quality research is critical. Research Research demonstrates a meticulous and precise exercise of judgment. 6. Quality research is methodical. Research is conducted systematically and without bias, employing structured methods and procedures. 7. Quality research is replicable or repeatable. Research design and procedures are replicable or repeatable, ensuring the CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Research The research process is a systematic and organized approach used to and analyze Process information to answer questions, solve problems, or 4gain a better understanding of particular topic. 1. Identify the Research Question or Problem Start by defining a clear and concise research question or problem that you want to investigate. CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Research 2. Review Existing Process 4a thorough literature review to explore what is already Literature Conduct known about the topic. 3. Formulate a Hypothesis or Research Objective Based on your literature review and the research question, develop a hypothesis (for experimental research) or specific research objectives (for non-experimental research) that outline what you intend to prove or discover. CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Research 4. Choose a Research Process 4appropriate research methodology and data collection SelectMethodology the techniques that will help you gather the necessary information to address your research question. 5. Collect Collect Datadata by following the chosen research methodology. This may involve surveys, experiments, interviews, observations, or data mining, depending on the nature of your research. CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Research 6. Analyze Process 4 and analytical techniques to process and interpret the Data Use statistical data you have collected. This step helps you draw conclusions and test your hypotheses. 7. Draw BasedConclusions on the analysis of your data, draw conclusions that address your research question or problem Consider whether your findings support or refute your initial hypothesis. CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Research 8. Report Process 4 your research findings through a research paper, Findings Communicate report, presentation, or other appropriate formats. 9. Peer If applicable, Reviewsubmit your research for peer review in academic or scientific journals. 10. Revise and Refine Based on feedback from peers or reviewers, make any necessary revisions to your research works. CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES AND ETHICS OF RESEARCH 0 Research 11. Share and Process 4research results with the relevant audience, whether it's Share your Disseminate the academic community, policymakers, or the public. 12. Plan Future Research Reflect on the outcomes of your research, identify any limitations, and plan for future research to build upon your findings or address unanswered questions. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH When to Use Qualitative You use qualitative research when: Research? 1. You seek answers to the "why" and "how" questions; 2. You require people to physically participate; 3. You primarily do exploratory, and data is in the form of words, actions, pictures, or objects; 4. You want to gain deep understanding of people's experiences, underlying reasons, opinions, perceptions, behaviors and motivations; 5. You need insights into the problem, or you need to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential quantitative research. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH When to Use Qualitative You use qualitative Research? research when: 6. You need to develop or refine theories 7. You need to deeply investigate specific cases, individuals, or organizations like in case studies; 8. Your data collection methods vary using unstructured or semi- structured techniques; and 9. Your sample size is typically small, 4-15, and respondents are selected to fulfill a given quota  QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH When to Use Quantitative Research? You use quantitative research when: 1. You seek for answers to the "what" question 2. You use numerical data generated from other sources like questionnaires that can be transformed into usable statistics; 3. You want to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors and other defined variables, then generalize results from a larger sample population; 4. Your data collection methods include various forms of surveys-online surveys, paper surveys, mobile surveys and kiosk surveys, face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews, longitudinal studies, URL interceptors, online polls, and systematic observations;  QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH When to Use both the Qualitative and Quantitative Using both qualitative and quantitative Methods research methods in a study, often referred to as mixed methods research, can provide a more comprehensive and well-rounded understanding of a research topic. 1. When you want to gain a deep understanding of a phenomenon or research problem while also collecting numerical data to measure and test relationships. 2. Qualitative and quantitative research methods are both used to measure the results of data. Qualitative research focuses expressed through words and actions. on data that is  QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH When to Use both the Qualitative and Quantitative 3. One can be the foundation for the other. Qualitative and quantitative Methods research can work in tandem to help with the research process. 4. Both the qualitative and quantitative data require that the raw data be analyzed 5. The two research methods can be used to study the same phenomenon 6. Each of the research methods is affected by the researcher. This is because every researcher chooses the information that they intend to use in their research, and therefore it is the choice of the researcher to decide on what information or data that they might decide to omit.  Kinds of Research Across Fields Types of 1. Basic Research Research Basic research enhances understanding of subjects without practical applications, often in fields like physics, biology, and mathematics, aiming to expand knowledge and potentially lead to future applications. 2. Applied Research Applied research is focused on solving specific, practical problems or developing applications. It takes existing knowledge and applies it to address real-world issues. This is common in engineering, medicine, and technology fields  Kindsnof Research Across Fields Types of 3. ExperimentalResearch Research Experimental research involves controlled experiments to test hypotheses and cause-and- effect relationships. It is frequently used in the natural sciences, psychology, and medicine. 4. Observational Research Observational research involves observing and recording behavior or phenomena without intervening or controlling variables. It is used in fields like anthropology, sociology, and ecology.  Kinds of Research Across Fields Types of 5. Quantitative Research Research Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis in fields where data can be quantified, such as of numerical data. It is used economics, statistics, and psychology 6. Qualitative Research Qualitative research focuses on understanding the underlying motivations, feelings, and behaviors of individuals. It often involves interviews, surveys, or content analysis and is common in social sciences, education, and humanities.  Kinds of Research Across Fields Types of 7. Case Study Research CaseResearch studies involve in-depth exploration of a single subject or a small group. They are used in fields like business, law, and psychology to gain a n a deep understanding of specific situations. 8. Action Research Action research is conducted by practitioners to address issues within their own environment. It is often used in education, social work, and organizational development.  Kinds of Research Across Fields Types of Research 9. Cross-Sectional Research Cross-sectional research collects data from a diverse group of subjects at a single point in time. It is often used in epidemiology and social sciences to understand trends or relationships 10. Review Research (Literature Review research involves synthesizing and analyzing existing literature and Review) research on a particular topic. It is common in education and is used to summarize and assess the state of knowledge on a subject.  Kinds of Research Across Fields Types of Research 11. Mixed-Methods Researchresearch combines quantitative and qualitative research Mixed-methods approaches to provide a comprehensive understanding of a research question. It is used in various fields where a multifaceted view is needed. 12. Survey Research Surveys are a common method of data collection in many fields. They involve gathering information from a sample of individuals or groups using questionnaires or interviews. Who That's all and thankyou for listening!