N5400_Hyg&Activity_2024.pptx

HYGIENE & ACTIVITY Fundamentals Text: Chapter 32 Week 7: 7/16/24 Dr. Ashley Graham-Perel. EdD, RN, NPD-BC, MEDSURG-BC, CNE Dr. Kiera Hirayama, DNP, MSN, RN Learning objectives After today’s lecture you will be able to: - Describe techniques for assisting patients with hygiene measures...

HYGIENE & ACTIVITY Fundamentals Text: Chapter 32 Week 7: 7/16/24 Dr. Ashley Graham-Perel. EdD, RN, NPD-BC, MEDSURG-BC, CNE Dr. Kiera Hirayama, DNP, MSN, RN Learning objectives After today’s lecture you will be able to: - Describe techniques for assisting patients with hygiene measures - Differentiate between isotonic, isometric, and isokinetic exercises - Assess and develop nursing diagnoses around mobility problems - Plan, implement, and evaluate nursing care related to select nursing diagnosis involving mobility problems 2 REVIEW Key Terms Activities of daily living (ADLs): self-care activities such as bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence, feeding Contractures: permanently contracted state of a muscle Foot drop: complication resulting from extended plantar flexion Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs): the activities of daily living needed for independent living such as managing finances and meal preparation. 4 Key Terms Isokinetic exercise: exercise involving muscle contractions with resistance varying at a constant rate (muscle contraction with resistance) Isometric exercise: exercise in which muscle tension occurs without a significant change in muscle length (muscle contraction without shortening) Isotonic exercise: movement in which muscles shorten (contract) and move (muscle shortening and active movement) Range of motion: complete extent of movement of which a joint is normally capable 5 NURSING CARE: HYGIENE AM Care Before breakfast: After breakfast: Assist patient with toileting. Toileting Wash face and hands. Oral care Provide mouth care. Bathing Special skin measures Hair care Dressing Positioning for comfort Refreshing or changing bed linens Tidying up bedside 7 PRN & HS Care PRN (As Needed) Care: Offer individual hygiene measures as needed Change clothing and bed linens of diaphoretic patients Provide oral care every 2 hours if indicated HS (Hour of Sleep) Care: Offer assistance with toileting, washing, and oral care Change any soiled bed linens or clothing Position patient comfortably Ensure that call light and other objects patient requires are within reach 8 Bedpan and Fracture Pan 9 Care of Eyes, Ears, Nose & Hair Eye Care: Clean from inner to outer canthus with wet, warm cloth, cotton ball, or compress. Use artificial tear solution or normal saline q4H if blink reflex is absent (unconscious patients). Care for eyeglasses or contact lens, if indicated. Ears & Nose Care: Wash external ear with washcloth-covered finger. Perform hearing aid teaching and care if indicated. Remove crusted secretions around nose by applying warm, moist compress. Hair Care: Note any history of hair/scalp problems (e.g., dandruff, hair loss, baldness, alopecia) Shampoo and groom hair. 10 11 Foot Care NURSING CARE: ACTIVITY Effects of Exercise on Body Systems 14 Types of Exercise 2 major types: 1. Muscle contraction Isotonic Isometric Isokinetic 2. Body movement Aerobics Stretching Strengthening and endurance Movement and ADLs e.g., housework, caring for a playful toddler, climbing stairs vs. elevator 15 Assessment: Activity 16 NANDA Nursing Diagnoses: Activity Activity intolerance Impaired transfer ability Risk for activity intolerance Risk for constipation Risk for injury 17 Nursing Interventions: Activity I. Ergonomics to prevent injury II. Safe patient handling and movement Safe transfer, equipment and assistive devices - e.g., gait belts, transfer devices, lifts III. Positioning patient in bed Devices for correct alignment - Foam wedges and pillows, trapeze, foot board or shoes (re: footdrop), hand roll, trochanter roll Protective positioning - repositioning q2H 18 19 Nursing Interventions: Activity IV. Using graduated compression stockings (remove when bathing) V. Moving a patient up in bed VI. Moving a patient from bed to stretcher or chair VII. Assisting with active/passive ROM exercises VIII. Assisting with ambulation Isometrics, dangling, 1-person assist, 2-person assist Walkers, canes, crutches, braces 20 Evaluation: Activity General ease of movement and gait Body alignment Joint structure and function Muscle mass, tone, and strength Endurance 21