Hygiene and Activity Fundamentals Chapter 32
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Questions and Answers

Which type of exercise involves muscle contractions with resistance varying at a constant rate?

  • Aerobics
  • Isotonic exercise
  • Isokinetic exercise (correct)
  • Isometric exercise

    • Isometric exercise involves significant change in muscle length.

    False

    What does PRN care stand for?

  • Patient Reassurance Needed
  • As Needed (correct)
  • Post-Require Notation
  • Patient Required Nursing

    • Match the following nursing diagnoses with their descriptions:

    <p>Activity intolerance = Difficulty in performing basic physical activities Impaired transfer ability = Inability to move from one surface to another independently Risk for injury = Increased likelihood of harm due to physical limitations Risk for constipation = High chance of difficult or infrequent bowel movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential step in HS (Hour of Sleep) care for patients?

    <p>Position patient comfortably and ensure necessary items are within reach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is appropriate for cleaning the external ear?

    <p>Wash with a washcloth-covered finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done for unconscious patients regarding eye care?

    <p>Use artificial tear solution or normal saline q4H if blink reflex is absent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of PRN (As Needed) care?

    <p>To provide individual hygiene measures based on patient needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of exercise is characterized by muscle contractions without movement?

    <p>Isometric exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should hair be cared for according to patient history?

    <p>Take note of any history of hair/scalp problems before shampooing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT part of foot care?

    <p>Applying nail polish for cosmetic reasons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In personal hygiene, how often should oral care be provided for patients who require it?

    <p>Every two hours if indicated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a patient is diaphoretic regarding their clothing and linens?

    <p>Change clothing and bed linens as needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a critical part of bedside tidying?

    <p>Arranging personal items for easy access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the nursing interventions to prevent injury during patient movement?

    <p>Using safe transfer equipment like gait belts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing diagnosis indicates a concern for the patient's ability to engage in activities?

    <p>Activity intolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an Activity of Daily Living (ADL)?

    <p>Climbing stairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored to evaluate a patient’s movement ability?

    <p>Joint structure and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device is used to ensure proper alignment of patients in bed?

    <p>Foam wedges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of exercises can be assisted to promote joint flexibility?

    <p>Active and passive range of motion exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended nursing intervention to assist with patient ambulation?

    <p>Restricting any movement due to bed rest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One of the ergonomics principles for nursing care includes:

    <p>Adapting tasks to fit patient capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should graduated compression stockings be removed?

    <p>While bathing the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of health does not directly relate to activity evaluation?

    <p>Dietary preferences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of exercise is characterized by muscle contractions that occur without a significant change in muscle length?

    <p>Isometric exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of assisting patients with hygiene measures?

    <p>Promote patient independence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes isotonic exercises?

    <p>Exercises that require muscle shortening and active movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the permanently contracted state of a muscle?

    <p>Contracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is NOT considered an Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL)?

    <p>Bathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Foot drop is a complication primarily caused by which condition?

    <p>Extended plantar flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of developing nursing diagnoses around mobility problems?

    <p>To improve patient mobility and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'range of motion'?

    <p>Extent of movement possible in a joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of exercise involves muscle contractions with resistance at a constant rate?

    <p>Isokinetic exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing action is typically performed after breakfast?

    <p>Give mouth care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of providing oral care every 2 hours for patients who need it?

    <p>To maintain mouth integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is included in HS (Hour of Sleep) care for patient comfort?

    <p>Changing any soiled bed linens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to care for an unconscious patient's eyes if the blink reflex is absent?

    <p>Use artificial tears or normal saline every 4 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of hair care should be taken into consideration for hospitalized patients?

    <p>Any history of hair/scalp problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of tidying up the bedside in a patient care setting?

    <p>It prevents the spread of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of exercise is characterized by muscle contraction without movement?

    <p>Isometric exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nursing responsibility concerning the care of a patient's ears?

    <p>Perform hearing aid teaching and care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation should clothing and bed linens be changed for patients?

    <p>If the patient is experiencing excessive sweating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration during eye care for patients with glasses or contact lenses?

    <p>Ensure they are stored safely and cleaned properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary functions of patient positioning for comfort?

    <p>To enhance circulation and prevent bed sores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes isokinetic exercises?

    <p>Muscle contractions happen with a constant level of resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is classified as an Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL)?

    <p>Managing finances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of prolonged plantar flexion in patients?

    <p>Foot drop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes isometric exercises?

    <p>They occur without any significant muscle length change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nursing action is typically implemented prior to breakfast?

    <p>Washing face and hands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes isotonic exercises from isometric exercises?

    <p>Isotonic exercises require movement of muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nursing diagnosis would most likely indicate mobility problems in patients?

    <p>Impaired physical mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'contractures' refer to in a nursing context?

    <p>Permanently contracted muscle state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In planning nursing care related to mobility issues, which aspect is less critical for evaluation?

    <p>Patient's diet history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of 'range of motion'?

    <p>The maximum distance a joint can move in a specific direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing intervention is most effective in preventing injuries during patient movement?

    <p>Utilization of gait belts and transfer devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key assessment factor for evaluating a patient's activity level?

    <p>Joint structure and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nursing diagnoses indicates a patient is likely to experience limitations in movement?

    <p>Impaired physical mobility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rationale behind using graduated compression stockings?

    <p>To prevent venous stasis and improve circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity would likely be assessed to evaluate muscle tone and strength?

    <p>Performing isometric exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about the use of positioning devices in patient care?

    <p>They are primarily used for comfort rather than alignment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What movement strategy is most appropriate for a patient recovering from surgery seeking to improve mobility?

    <p>Passive range of motion exercises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ergonomic principle is crucial for preventing injury in nursing care?

    <p>Adopting proper body mechanics during patient handling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient observation most directly correlates with evaluating endurance?

    <p>The ability to complete Activities of Daily Living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario should graduated compression stockings be removed?

    <p>During bathing or skin assessments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Learning Objectives

    • Techniques for assisting patients with hygiene measures will be understood.
    • Differentiation among isotonic, isometric, and isokinetic exercises will be made.
    • Ability to assess and develop nursing diagnoses related to mobility problems will be cultivated.
    • Skills to plan, implement, and evaluate nursing care concerning mobility problems will be developed.

    Key Terms

    • Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Essential self-care tasks like bathing, dressing, and feeding.
    • Contractures: A permanent shortening of muscle resulting in limited movement.
    • Foot Drop: A complication due to prolonged plantar flexion affecting mobility.
    • Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): Tasks required for independent living such as preparing meals and managing finances.

    Exercise Types

    • Isokinetic Exercise: Involves muscle contractions against a variable resistance at a constant speed.
    • Isometric Exercise: Muscle tension occurs without muscle length change, e.g., holding a position.
    • Isotonic Exercise: Muscles shorten and contract during movement, facilitating active movement.
    • Range of Motion (ROM): The full extent of movement a joint can normally achieve.

    Nursing Care: Hygiene

    • AM Care (Before & After Breakfast): Assist with toileting, wash face and hands, provide mouth care, and complete bathing and dressing.
    • PRN Care: Offer hygiene measures as needed; change linens for diaphoretic patients, provide oral care regularly.
    • HS Care: Help with washing and toileting, change soiled linens, and ensure comfort and accessibility for patients.

    Care of Specific Areas

    • Eye Care: Clean eyes with a warm, damp cloth and use artificial tears for patients with no blink reflex. Care for glasses and contacts as required.
    • Ear and Nose Care: Wash external ears; aid with hearing aids and remove crusted nasal secretions using warm compresses.
    • Hair Care: Address any historical issues with hair and scalp, provide grooming and shampooing.

    Nursing Care: Activity

    • Exercise Effects: Exercise influences multiple body systems, enhancing overall health.
    • Types of Exercise:
      • Muscle contraction (isotonic, isometric, isokinetic)
      • Body movement including aerobics, stretching, and activities of daily living
    • Identify potential nursing diagnoses such as activity intolerance, impaired transfer ability, and risk for injury and constipation.

    Nursing Interventions for Activity

    • Ergonomics: Employ strategies to prevent injuries during patient care.
    • Safe Handling: Utilize equipment like gait belts and transfer devices for safe patient movement.
    • Positioning: Use devices for proper body alignment and prevent complications such as foot drop.
    • Compression Stockings: Apply graduated compression stockings while ensuring they are removed during bathing.
    • ROM Exercises: Facilitate both active and passive range of motion exercises to maintain mobility.
    • Ambulation Assistance: Help patients with ambulation using supportive devices.

    Evaluation of Activity

    • Assess general ease of movement, body alignment, joint function, muscle mass, and strength for improvement and mobility.

    Learning Objectives

    • Techniques for assisting patients with hygiene measures will be understood.
    • Differentiation among isotonic, isometric, and isokinetic exercises will be made.
    • Ability to assess and develop nursing diagnoses related to mobility problems will be cultivated.
    • Skills to plan, implement, and evaluate nursing care concerning mobility problems will be developed.

    Key Terms

    • Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Essential self-care tasks like bathing, dressing, and feeding.
    • Contractures: A permanent shortening of muscle resulting in limited movement.
    • Foot Drop: A complication due to prolonged plantar flexion affecting mobility.
    • Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): Tasks required for independent living such as preparing meals and managing finances.

    Exercise Types

    • Isokinetic Exercise: Involves muscle contractions against a variable resistance at a constant speed.
    • Isometric Exercise: Muscle tension occurs without muscle length change, e.g., holding a position.
    • Isotonic Exercise: Muscles shorten and contract during movement, facilitating active movement.
    • Range of Motion (ROM): The full extent of movement a joint can normally achieve.

    Nursing Care: Hygiene

    • AM Care (Before & After Breakfast): Assist with toileting, wash face and hands, provide mouth care, and complete bathing and dressing.
    • PRN Care: Offer hygiene measures as needed; change linens for diaphoretic patients, provide oral care regularly.
    • HS Care: Help with washing and toileting, change soiled linens, and ensure comfort and accessibility for patients.

    Care of Specific Areas

    • Eye Care: Clean eyes with a warm, damp cloth and use artificial tears for patients with no blink reflex. Care for glasses and contacts as required.
    • Ear and Nose Care: Wash external ears; aid with hearing aids and remove crusted nasal secretions using warm compresses.
    • Hair Care: Address any historical issues with hair and scalp, provide grooming and shampooing.

    Nursing Care: Activity

    • Exercise Effects: Exercise influences multiple body systems, enhancing overall health.
    • Types of Exercise:
      • Muscle contraction (isotonic, isometric, isokinetic)
      • Body movement including aerobics, stretching, and activities of daily living
    • Identify potential nursing diagnoses such as activity intolerance, impaired transfer ability, and risk for injury and constipation.

    Nursing Interventions for Activity

    • Ergonomics: Employ strategies to prevent injuries during patient care.
    • Safe Handling: Utilize equipment like gait belts and transfer devices for safe patient movement.
    • Positioning: Use devices for proper body alignment and prevent complications such as foot drop.
    • Compression Stockings: Apply graduated compression stockings while ensuring they are removed during bathing.
    • ROM Exercises: Facilitate both active and passive range of motion exercises to maintain mobility.
    • Ambulation Assistance: Help patients with ambulation using supportive devices.

    Evaluation of Activity

    • Assess general ease of movement, body alignment, joint function, muscle mass, and strength for improvement and mobility.

    Learning Objectives

    • Techniques for assisting patients with hygiene measures will be understood.
    • Differentiation among isotonic, isometric, and isokinetic exercises will be made.
    • Ability to assess and develop nursing diagnoses related to mobility problems will be cultivated.
    • Skills to plan, implement, and evaluate nursing care concerning mobility problems will be developed.

    Key Terms

    • Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): Essential self-care tasks like bathing, dressing, and feeding.
    • Contractures: A permanent shortening of muscle resulting in limited movement.
    • Foot Drop: A complication due to prolonged plantar flexion affecting mobility.
    • Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs): Tasks required for independent living such as preparing meals and managing finances.

    Exercise Types

    • Isokinetic Exercise: Involves muscle contractions against a variable resistance at a constant speed.
    • Isometric Exercise: Muscle tension occurs without muscle length change, e.g., holding a position.
    • Isotonic Exercise: Muscles shorten and contract during movement, facilitating active movement.
    • Range of Motion (ROM): The full extent of movement a joint can normally achieve.

    Nursing Care: Hygiene

    • AM Care (Before & After Breakfast): Assist with toileting, wash face and hands, provide mouth care, and complete bathing and dressing.
    • PRN Care: Offer hygiene measures as needed; change linens for diaphoretic patients, provide oral care regularly.
    • HS Care: Help with washing and toileting, change soiled linens, and ensure comfort and accessibility for patients.

    Care of Specific Areas

    • Eye Care: Clean eyes with a warm, damp cloth and use artificial tears for patients with no blink reflex. Care for glasses and contacts as required.
    • Ear and Nose Care: Wash external ears; aid with hearing aids and remove crusted nasal secretions using warm compresses.
    • Hair Care: Address any historical issues with hair and scalp, provide grooming and shampooing.

    Nursing Care: Activity

    • Exercise Effects: Exercise influences multiple body systems, enhancing overall health.
    • Types of Exercise:
      • Muscle contraction (isotonic, isometric, isokinetic)
      • Body movement including aerobics, stretching, and activities of daily living
    • Identify potential nursing diagnoses such as activity intolerance, impaired transfer ability, and risk for injury and constipation.

    Nursing Interventions for Activity

    • Ergonomics: Employ strategies to prevent injuries during patient care.
    • Safe Handling: Utilize equipment like gait belts and transfer devices for safe patient movement.
    • Positioning: Use devices for proper body alignment and prevent complications such as foot drop.
    • Compression Stockings: Apply graduated compression stockings while ensuring they are removed during bathing.
    • ROM Exercises: Facilitate both active and passive range of motion exercises to maintain mobility.
    • Ambulation Assistance: Help patients with ambulation using supportive devices.

    Evaluation of Activity

    • Assess general ease of movement, body alignment, joint function, muscle mass, and strength for improvement and mobility.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts from Chapter 32 of the Hygiene and Activity Fundamentals text. You will learn about assisting patients with hygiene measures, differentiating types of exercises, and developing nursing diagnoses for mobility issues. Prepare to assess and evaluate nursing care effectively.

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