Northern European Expansion PDF
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Uploaded by FuturisticNovaculite8231
Regis Jesuit High School
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Summary
This document presents a summary of Northern European expansion, focusing on England, British India, and the Netherlands. It covers key events like the reign of Elizabeth I, the establishment of colonies, and the growth of trade routes. The notes are organized by region, offering a concise look at 17th and 18th century developments in Europe.
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NORTHERN EUROPEAN EXPANSION ENGLAND Elizabeth I Rival with Spain Philip II Supported rebels in Netherlands Supported piracy against Spain Defeated the Spanish Armada Exploration to the New World Starts with Roanoke ENGLAND Elizabeth I’s death Never m...
NORTHERN EUROPEAN EXPANSION ENGLAND Elizabeth I Rival with Spain Philip II Supported rebels in Netherlands Supported piracy against Spain Defeated the Spanish Armada Exploration to the New World Starts with Roanoke ENGLAND Elizabeth I’s death Never married and left no heirs Went to her relatives, the Stuarts James I Wanted to rule with absolute power Held back by Parliament Commissioned a translation of the Bible Creates first English colony Jamestown (1607) ENGLAND Virginia Grow massively from tobacco cash crop Used indentured servant labor Slavery in American colonies starts 1619 Results in a plantation economy New England colonies Started by Puritans Became trading hub for the English colonies Middle Colonies Attracted many Dutch immigrants BRITISH INDIA Mughal Empire traded with Europeans East India Company of Great Britain Mughal Empire decline Weakened by Iranian invasions EIC given power to tax EIC could collect taxes and govern Abuse of the population Great Famine in Bengal BRITISH INDIA Exportation Cotton exported to England Not processed in India Does not become industrialized Social unrest Abolition of Hindu religious customs Sati, widow remarriage Separating society b/w Indian & British Sepoy Rebellion of 1857 Results in the end of Company Rule THE NETHERLANDS DUTCH Territories held by the Habsburgs Predominantly Calvinist area Religious problem Wanting independence Philip II wanting to consolidate rule Catholic Reformation Anti-Heresy action against Dutch DUTCH Eighty Years War Union of Utrecht Unites the rebel provinces Creates the Dutch Republic Led by William the Silent Officially recognized as a nation in 1648 Beginning of Dutch overseas expansion DUTCH Trading situation by 1600 Portugal had monopoly on spice trade Spain had monopoly on silver Have a 100-year head start against Britain, France, and Dutch Iberian Union Philip II unites Spain and Portugal Dutch can not trade with either Dutch must find own routes DUTCH Opening markets in the Pacific Use the Portuguese trade routes Trading in spices on the Indian Ocean Dutch East India Company (VOC) Merger of multiple merchant companies Given a state monopoly on spices Joint-Stock Company Had governmental powers DUTCH Slowly eroded Portuguese control By 1700 controlled Indian Ocean routes Trading dominance in Pac. and Atl. Ocean Cape Town being a major trading post Wanted to find a Northwest Passage Henry Hudson and Dutch West India Co. Sails up to what is now New York Instead finds a lucrative beaver trade Trading post set up at New Amsterdam
