music-Q1-send-sa-mga-bata.pptx

MUSIC of the MEDIEVAL PERIOD  Medieval period ( Middle ages or Dark Ages)  Christian church influenced Europe’s culture and political affairs.  Monophonic plainchant was named after Pope Gregory I.  Pope Gregory’s action made monophonic plainchants popu...

MUSIC of the MEDIEVAL PERIOD  Medieval period ( Middle ages or Dark Ages)  Christian church influenced Europe’s culture and political affairs.  Monophonic plainchant was named after Pope Gregory I.  Pope Gregory’s action made monophonic plainchants popular.  It was originally transmitted orally.  Scholars agreed to put it in notation to assists dissemination of chants across Europe. Pope Gregory I (Monophonic Plain Chant) (Gregorian Chants) Characteristics of Gregorian chants * Monophonic * Free Meter * Modal * Usually based on Latin Liturgy * Use of Neume notation SACRED- means HOLY, sacred music is HOLY MUSIC. Historically, composers wrote sacred music for holy places, Sacred music was mainly written for the church. SECULAR- music that intended for a non-religious audience.  Troubadour- it is a group of musician which performed secular music across Europe.  Troubadour Music  usually, monophonic  sometimes with improvised accompaniment  tells chivalry and country love  originated with France  Written in French language  Famous Composer of the Medieval Period   He also known as Adam le Adam de la Halle Bossu (Adam the Hunchback). Adam was destined for the church, but he eventually married.  His musical play, Le Jeu de Robin et de Marion was considered the earliest surviving secular French play with music.  His works include: Le Jue de Robin et de Marion La Chanson du roi de 12 Sicile   Adam was one of the oldest Adam de la Halle secular composers whose literary and musical works include chansons and poetic debates.  His musical play, Le Jeu de Robin et de Marion was considered the earliest surviving secular French play with music.  His works include: Le Jue de Robin et de Marion La Chanson du roi de 12 Sicile Music of Renaissance period (1400-1600) 13  Renaissance Period  The term Renaissance came from the word “renaitre” which means “rebirth”, “revival”, and “rediscovery”.  It is a period of “looking back” to the Golden Age of Greece and Rome.  The invention of printing in the 1400s paved the way for a wide distribution of Renaissance composition.  Renaissance Period  Renaissance music became popular as entertainment and activity for amateurs and the educated.  Secular music became more prominent in the Renaissance period.  The Renaissance era was known as the “golden age” of acapella choral music.  The lute was the prominent instrument of the Renaissance era. Lute VOCAL MUSIC OF THE RENAISSANCE PERIOD Mass  Is a form of sacred musical composition that sets texts of the Eucharistic liturgy into music. Five main section of Mass  Kyrie  Gloria  Credo  Sanctus and Benedictus  Agnus dei MASS Lord have Mercy MADRIGAL a secular vocal polyphonic music composition which originated from Italy. It is sung during courtly social gathering. It is the most important secular form during the Renaissance period.  Characteristics of Madrigal:  POLYPHONIC  A CAPELLA  3-6 VOICES April Is in My Mistress Face by Thomas Morley FAMOUS COMPOSERS OF THE RENAISSANCE  Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina Palestrina is said to be the Greatest Master of Roman Catholic Church during Renaissance period. Majority of his compositions are sacred music. He was committed to sacred music and has been interest in satisfying the desires of church. Churches that Palestrina destined as organist and choir master: Sistine Chapel, St. Peter’s Basilica. First book of Palestrina, MASSES and was greatly appreciated by Pope Julius III. GIOVANNI PIERLUIGI DA PALESTRINA  Thomas Morley  Morley was born in Norwich, East England.  He was a singer in the local cathedral from his boyhood, and he became master of choristers there in 1583(26 years old).  Thomas Morley was the most famous composer of secular music in his time.  Morley studied music with William Byrd which Elizabethan sacred music.  He receive Bachelor’s Degree in Oxford and became an organist at St. Paul’s Cathedral in London.  Morley tried to imitating Bryd in his early works.  Shortly after, he began publishing his own collection of madrigal and significant contribution to the history of music. THOMAS MORLEY  Thomas Morley works:  Fire, Fire, My Heart  Sing and Chant It  Fantasie  April is in My Mistress’ Face  It was a Lover and His Lass Fire, Fire, My Heart  Music of the Baroque Period 1600-1750  The word Baroque is derived from the Portuguese word barroco which means “pearl of irregular shape”.  New instrumental techniques and changes in musical notation were developed.  A lot of the musical terms and concepts that evolved in this era are still used today.  Characteristics of Baroque Music:  Melodies sound elaborate and ornamentals  Melodies are not easy to sing or remember  Dynamic contrast- alternation between loud and soft  Orchestra consists of strings and continuo  Harpsichord and organ are the keyboard instruments that are commonly used. Harpsichord Organ Music Genres of Baroque Music  CONCERTO- a form of orchestra music that employs a solo instrumental accompanied by an orchestra.  CONCERTO GROSSO- a form of orchestra music during the Baroque Period wherein the music is between a small group of solo instruments called “concertino” and the whole orchestra called “tutti” FUGUE- a contrapuntal piece, developed mainly by imitative counterpoint. It is usually written in 3 or 4 parts, with a main theme called “subject”. (“Spring”from the Four Season) Oratorio a large-scale musical composition for orchestra and voices that incorporates narratives on religious themes. CHORALE musical compositions that resemble a harmonized version of hymnal tunes of the Protestant Church during the Baroque Era. Famous Composers of the Baroque Period JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH  JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH  He born in Germany, March 21, 1685 and Died: July 28, 1750.  He came from a family of musicians. He was taught to play violin by his father who has then the town musician in Eisenach.  He entered school at age of 7 and taught religion and other subject.  At age of ten he became orphaned.  Bach’s beautiful soprano singing voice helped him to be accepted at a school in Luneburg.  He focused his attention to playing the violin and harpsichord.  Bach was a religious man, his personal and deep faith is shown in his sacred music.  His most important and long-term position was as Cantor at St. Thomas Church  Johann Sebastian Bach works:  Concerto Grosso  Masses  Cantatas  Fugues  Works for Clavichord and Harpsichord Clavichord  Glass harp-Toccata and fugue in D minor- Bach Brandenburg Concerto No. 5  Antonio Vivaldi  Antonio Lucio Vivaldi, nicknamed “il Prete Rosso”(“The Red Priest”),because of his red hair was an Italian Baroque composer, Catholic priest, and a virtuoso violinist.  Recognized as one of the Greatest Baroque Composer,  His influence during his lifetime was widespread over Europe.  Vivaldi is known mainly for composing instrumental concertos, especially for the violin, as well as sacred choral works and over forty operas.  Vivaldi is well known for giving the strings a major role in his compositions. Concerto #10 “Allegro”  George Friedrich Handel  Born: Germany, February 23, 1685; Died: London, April 14, 1759.  He was a second son from the second marriage of a pastor.  George secretly taught himself to play the harpsichord.  At age 7, he gained access to a church organ and started to play.  A Duke heard him play and insisted on giving him a formal music education.  Handel is remember for his operas and oratorios.  Handel lost both of his eyesight in 1753 (67 years old) Conducting “Samson” Oratorio.  The Messiah is Handel’s most famous creation and the very well known “Hallelujah” chorus is part of Handel’s Messiah. Messiah with the Chorus “Hallelujah”