Musculoskeletal System SAQs.docx

The Musculoskeletal System SAQs - Name 2 functions of the skeleton  1. Support/ shape/ protection/ movement/ blood cell production - What is the axial skeleton comprised of?  1. skull, spine, ribs and sternum. - What is the appendicular skeleton comprised of?  1. Pectoral girdle and...

The Musculoskeletal System SAQs - Name 2 functions of the skeleton  1. Support/ shape/ protection/ movement/ blood cell production - What is the axial skeleton comprised of?  1. skull, spine, ribs and sternum. - What is the appendicular skeleton comprised of?  1. Pectoral girdle and Pelvic girdle  - Name the 5 parts of the spine 1. The cervical, thoracic, lumber, sacrum, coccyx  - In which part of the body are metacarpals found?  1. The hand  - Name the bones found in the hand 1. Carpels, metacarpals, phalanges   - Name the bones found in the foot  1. Tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges   - What are osteocytes? a. Osteocytes are living bone cells. - What is the function of osteoclasts? a. Osteoclasts destroy bone. - What is the function of osteoblasts? b. Osteoblasts form new bone. - What is the function of red bone marrow?  1. Makes blood cells  - What is the function of yellow bone marrow?  1. Stores fat  - What is the function of cartilage?  1. Acts as a shock absorber and reduces friction for movement  - What are the 3 types of joints? 1. Immovable joints, slightly movable joints, fully movable/synovial joints.  - Differentiate between ligaments and tendons  1. Ligaments connect bone to bone Tendons connect muscle to bone  - What are the 3 types of muscle?  1. Involuntary/ smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, voluntary/ skeletal/ striped muscle - What is the function of voluntary muscle?  1. Causes body movements - What are antagonistic muscles? 1. muscles that pull in opposite directions - Give an example of an antagonistic pair. a. Example = biceps to bend the arm up and triceps to straighten the arm - What contributes to bone growth?  1. Physical activity, hormones, diet  - Name a disorder of the musculoskeletal system and state its cause, treatment and prevention.  1. Disorder = arthritis Cause = genetics, hormone imbalance, injury Treatment = anti-inflammatory drugs/ aspirin or artificial joint replacement  Prevention = good diet/ good footwear/ not putting bones and joint under excessive stress during exercise