NSTP-Civic Welfare Training Service 1-1 PDF

Module 1 – Citizenship Training Lesson 1 - Historical and Legal Bases of NSTP Learning Objectives At the end of the topic, students are expected to: a) recognize how NSTP started b) identify pertinent laws in relation to the creation of NSTP Learni...

Module 1 – Citizenship Training Lesson 1 - Historical and Legal Bases of NSTP Learning Objectives At the end of the topic, students are expected to: a) recognize how NSTP started b) identify pertinent laws in relation to the creation of NSTP Learning Content Meaning of Service it is doing something for the benefit of others. the action of helping or doing work for someone. it can be VOLUNTARY. The Traditional Filipino Service BAYANIHAN - This tradition among Filipinos shows community participation, democracy and cooperation. It may be for the benefit of an individual member of the community or the community as a whole. Spanish Colonial Administration Polos y servicios – During the Spanish period, these policy or practice were used to compel the Filipinos to work in public works. The polistas constructed churches, casas reales, roads, and built or repaired ships. Able-bodied men 16-60 years of age were obliged to render services as polistas. The Constitutional Mandate The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the people. The Government may call upon the people to defend the State and, in fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required, under conditions provided by law, to render personal military or civil service. (1987 Constitution, Article 2, Section 4) The State recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation-building and shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and nationalism, and encourage their involvement in public and civic affairs. (1987 Constitution, Article 2, Section 13) Through the above legal provisions, national service comes into existence specifically NSTP BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training The National Service Training Program (NSTP), is a civic education and defense preparedness program students instituted by the Government of the Philippines on 5 January 2000 by virtue of Republic Act9163, otherwise known as the "National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001." Under the NSTP Program, both male and female college students of any baccalaureate degree course or technical vocational coursein public or private educational institutions are obliged to undergo one of three program components for an academic period of two semesters. The students, however, are free to choose which particular program component to take. The three NSTP Program components are: Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) This program component is designed to provide students with activities contributory to the general welfare and betterment of life of the members of the community especially those developed to improve social welfare services. Literacy Training Service(LTS) This program component is designed to train students in teaching literacy and numeracy skills to schoolchildren and out-of-school youths. The hope is to continue learning on a peer - to - peer interaction. Reserve Officers' Training Corps(ROTC) This program component is designed to provide military education and trainingfor students to mobilize them for national defense preparedness. This is also a glimpse for young people to see how military life is and encourage them into service. Graduates of the ROTC program component are organized into the Citizen Armed Force, while graduates of the LTS and CWTS program components are organized into the National Service Reserve Corps(NSRC) administered by the Department of National Defense, the Commission on Higher Education and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority. There have been several legal precedents to the National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001. These include: Commonwealth Act No. 1 Commonwealth Act No. 1, otherwise known as the "National Defense Act of 1935", was enacted by the National Assembly of the Philippineson 21 December 1935. It provided for obligatorymilitary servicefor all male citizens of ages between 18 and 30. Presidential Decree No. 1706 Presidential Decree No. 1706, otherwise known as the "National Service Law", was signed into law on 8 August 1980. It made national service obligatory for all Filipino citizens and specified three categories of national service: civic welfare service, law enforcement service and military service. Republic Act 7077 BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Republic Act 7077, otherwise known as the "Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist Act", was enacted by the 8thCongress of the Philippineson 27 June 1991. The Reservist Act provided for organization, training and utilization of reservists, referred to in the Act as "Citizen Soldiers". The primary pool of manpower for the reservist organization are graduates of the Reserve Officers' Training Corpsbasic and advance courses. Learning Activity Directions: Look for the article in the internet about the case of the ROTC in University of Sto. Tomas (UST). Look also on the story of Mark Chua, a student of the same university. Make an article or write up that relate the story on the establishment or creation of NSTP as academic requirement for all tertiary or college students. Learning Assessment Directions:Among the three components of NSTP, which do you think is BEST to take by the first year students in order to help the country in the present crisis. Support your answer by identifying and discussing some practical solutions. Learning References 1. Labuguen, Florida C.; et al. (2012). Understanding the National Service Training Program. Mutya Publishing House. p. 11. ISBN 978-971-821-289-9. 2. National Assembly of the Philippines. "CA No. 1". Retrieved 28 June 2013. 3. Ferdinand E. Marcos. "PD No. 1706". Retrieved 28 June 2013. 4. 8th Congress of the Republic to the Philippines. "RA 7077". Retrieved 28 June 2013. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Lesson 2 - Philippine Constitution, Preamble and Bill of Rights Learning Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to: 1. analyze the preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution. 2. recognize and acknowledge the duties and obligations of Filipino citizens. 3. cite activities in order to further promote and inculcate nationalism among the youth. Learning Content Preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution “We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure ourselves and posterity the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this constitution”. Bill of Rights (from Article III of 1987 Phil. Constitution) 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws. 2. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature and for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue upon probable cause to be determined personally by the judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the complaint and the witnesses he may produce, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. 3. The privacy of communication and correspondence shall ne inviolable except upon lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise as prescribed by law. 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the Government for redress of grievances. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS  5. No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. 6. The liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits prescribed by law shall not be impaired except upon lawful order of the court. 7. The right of the people to information on matters of public concern shall be recognized. 8. The right of the people, including those employed in the public and private sectors, to form unions, association, or societies for purposes not contrary to law shall not be abridged. 9. Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation. 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be passed. 11. Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person by reason of poverty. 12. Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have the right to be informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel preferably of his own choice. 13. The right to bail shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required. 14. No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law. 15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion when the public safety requires it. 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies. 17. No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself. 18. No person shall be detained solely by reason of his political beliefs and aspirations. 19. Excessive fine shall not be imposed, nor cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted. Neither shall death penalty be imposed, unless for compelling reasons involving heinous crime, the Congress hereafter provide for it. 20. No person shall be imprisoned for debt or non-payment of a poll tax. 21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of punishment for the same offense. 22. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall be enacted. Duties and Responsibilities of Filipino citizens Among others, the more important duties and obligations of every citizen in a democratic society are the following: 1. To be loyal to the Republic. This means faith and confidence in the Republic and love and devotion to the country. The citizen must be proud of his country, its custom, traditions, language, and institution. He must share in its glories and feel sad in its misfortunes. 2 2. To defend the state. Since the citizens of the Republic receive benefits and protection from the State of which they are apart, in return, it is their primary and honorable duty to defend it against any peril, whether from within or from without. 3. To contribute to the development and welfare of the State. This should be the concern of every citizen for he will be the first to enjoy the benefits thereof. He can contribute to the development and welfare of the state by paying taxes willingly and promptly, by cooperating in its activities and projects such as the preservation of peace and order, conservation of the natural resources and the promotion of social justice by patronizing local products and trades and by engaging in the productive work. 4. To uphold the constitution and obey laws. Since the constitution is the expression of the sovereign will of our people. 5. To cooperate with duly constituted authorities. 6. To exercise rights responsible and with due regard for the rights of others. 7. To engage in gainful work. Every citizen must consider his own responsibility and should strive to become a useful and productive member of society to assure not only himself but, more importantly, his family a lot worthy of human dignity.Every citizen should bear in mind that only hard and sustained work can mend a nations live and survive. 8. To register and vote. It is through suffrage that the will of the people is expressed. The quality of public officials and the policies of government, the success or failure of government depend, directly and indirectly, upon the voters.Voters must be discriminating in evaluating the credentials of candidates and not be satisfied with only their physical attributes and data. Duties and Rights of the Filipino People 1. Duties of the People The people of the Philippine Republic must understand that they have certain duties or obligations to perform. These duties are the price of freedom and of the rights which people enjoy a. to vote honestly and wisely b. to obey the laws of the land c. to respect public authority d. to be loyal to the Republic e. to defend the Motherland f. to pay taxes to the government g. to take active interest in local, national and international affairs 3  2. Rights of the People a. Natural rights – rights conferred upon human beings by God which cannot be taken away Example: right to life, right to love, right to marry b. Civil rights – rights granted by the State for the promotion of common welfare of individual citizens Example: right to own property, right to seek justice in the courts c. Political rights – rights conferred by the state to the people so that they may participate in government Example: right to citizenship, right to suffrage, freedom of speech d. Constitutional rights – rights recognized and protected by the constitution and part of the fundamental law of the land Example: freedom from slavery, freedom to choose one’s residence e. Statutory rights – rights conferred by statutes or law promulgated by a lawmaking body and can be abolished by the same body Example: right to inherit property, right to minimum wage, right to go to strike for higher wages Learning Activity Directions: 1. Relate thePanatangMakabayan and PanunumpasaWatawat ng Pilipinasto the Preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution by discussing its relationship in developing strong nationalism and patriotism among the Filipino. 2. In relation to PanatangMakabayan, what is your reaction to some Filipinos who stayed long in other countries like USA and changed their citizenship? Comment on their sense of nationalism and patriotism. Learning Assessment Directions: Answer the following questions below. Write your answer and submit to your Instructor or facilitator. 1. How do you internalize the Preamble of our Constitution? 4  2. Think of other possible activities to demonstrate nationalism in your barangay. Learning References 1. 1987 Philippine Constitution 2. Guillo, RM Jr. and De Chavez, F. I. Civic Welfare Training Service Towards Responsive Community Organization and Development. Morlanda Publishing. Manila. 2009. 3. Lee, Sergio J. National Service Training Program, Civic Welfare Training Service, Literacy Training Service: A Source Book 3rd Edition. C 7 E Publishing, Inc. Quezon City 2013. 4. Modules on 16 Good Citizenship Values: Reference for Values Formation by Good Citizenship Movement, EPPC in partnership with CHED. Institution Building Team EDSA People Power Commission. 2010. 5 Module 1 – Citizenship Training Lesson 3 - United Nations Principles on Human Rights Learning Objectives Learning Objectives At the end of the topic, students are expected to: a. recognize human rights as tool for equality and cooperation; b. identify and explain each provision of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights; c. reflect on the human rights condition in the country; d. promote human rights awareness. Learning Content Universal Declaration of Human Rights The issue of human rights remains relevant as of this day. Every individual is entitled to his rights in consonance with the existing laws and policies of his ethnicity. In 1948, the United Nations General Assembly adopted and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which was translated into 360 languages – the most translated document in the world. Although the declaration does not guarantee that no human rights abuse will happen, it serves as guide to every country in crafting their laws and policies concerning human rights. It is composed of thirty articles from which the world based its decision to discern what is right and what is wrong. Thus, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is defined as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction. Preamble Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world, Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people, Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law, Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations, Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in cooperation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms, Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge. Article 1 - All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Article 2 - Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in the Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. Article 3 - Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. Article 4 - No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms. Article 5 - No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Article 6 - Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. Article 7 - All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Article 8 - Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law. Article 9 - No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile. Article 10 – Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him. Article 11- (1) Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence. (2) No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed. Article 12 - No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks. Article 13 – (1) Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State. (2) Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country. Article 14 – (1) Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution. (2) This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non- political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. Article 15 – (1) Everyone has the right to a nationality. (2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality. Article 16 – (1) Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution. (2) Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training (3) The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State. Article 17 – (1) Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others. (2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property. Article 18 – Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance. Article 19 – Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. Article 20 – (1) Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association. (2) No one may be compelled to belong to an association. Article 21 – (1) Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives. (2) Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his country. (3) The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures. Article 22 – Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international cooperation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality. Article 23 – (1) Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favorable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment. (2) Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work. (3) Everyone who works has the right to just and favorable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection. (4) Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Article 24 – Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay. Article 25 – (1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well- being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. (2) Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection. Article 26 – (1) Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit. (2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace. (3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children. Article 27 – (1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits. (2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author. Article 28 – Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized. Article 29 – (1) Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible. (2) In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society. (3) These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Article 30 - Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein. Issues of Human Rights in the Philippines 1. Philippine War – Drug Campaign - human rights groups and activists are accusing the Duterte government of extra-judicial killings. 2. Death Penalty – many representatives filed bills seeking to reinstate the Death Penalty which were strongly opposed by the Catholic Church 3. Lowering the Age of Criminal Liability – the constitution provides that children are 18 years below. Lowering the criminal liability is a violation of children’s rights. 4. Freedom of Expression – the closure of ABS-CBN and veteran journalist Maria Ressa were categorized by their supporters as violation of human rights. 5. Rights of the members of the LGBTI Community – the controversial SOGIE Bill divided the opinions of Filipinos about human rights. Additional Information of the Human Rights in the Philippines 1. Human rights can be classified as individual, collective, civil, political, economic, social and cultural. 2. Article III of the 1987 Constitution also called as the Bill of Rights provides Filipino citizen’s rights, protection and privileges. 3. In 2014, nearly 75,000 people filed for recognition as victims of human rights violations during the implementation of the Martial Law. For more information on Human Rights Issues in the Philippines, you may visit: https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/asia-and-the-pacific/philippines/report- philippines/?fbclid=IwAR08Y2g2Zlb9trelKj5RGQ-h2W2z- Vib4VRDHSgoVlgpyHjMkmpbn4eHaN4 Learning Activity Directions:Interview someone who had experienced Martial Law. Let them compare the human rights situation then and now. Report the report of your interview. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Learning Assessment Directions:Answer the following questions 1. What is human rights and how does it affect our daily living? 2. What can you say on the human rights situation in the Philippines? Expand your answer. 3. How will you promote human rights awareness? Learning References July 21, 2020https://www.un.org/en/udhrbook/pdf/udhr_booklet_en_web.pdf July 21, 2020 https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/asia-and-the-pacific/philippines/report- philippines/?fbclid=IwAR08Y2g2Zlb9trelKj5RGQ-h2W2z- Vib4VRDHSgoVlgpyHjMkmpbn4eHaN4 July 21, 2020 https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1987-constitution-of-the- republic-of-the-philippines/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines-article-iii/ BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Lesson 4 - Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines Learning Objectives At the end of the topic, students are expected to: a. recognize R.A. 8491 and its provisions; b. explain the importance of flag and other national symbols; c. identify the steps on how to properly fold the Philippine flag; d. promote nationalism among youth. For students and instructors’ material, please access at https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AYaGyMZcT32gj1N8APqMcEgo2yG8Wzhv/view?usp=sharin g Learning Content Salient Feature of RA No. 8491 of 2002 (Flag and Heraldic Code of the Philippines) Philippine Flag Our national flag is the symbol of our country. It shows our unity as a people. It stands for our high ideals and noble heritage. Therefore, when you show respect for the flag, you also show respect for our country and people. One way to show respect is to handle the flag properly. A flag is a sacred and respected feature of the nation which it represents. Each nation’s flag has a specific way in which it should be displayed and folded. The Philippine national flag is said to be the primary symbol of the nation’s camaraderie, sovereignty, solidarity and unity. It is therefore, the symbol of nationalism and patriotism in our country. Flag History The national flag of the Philippine is a horizontal bicolor with equal bands of blue and red, and white equilateral triangle based at the hoist side, at the center of the triangle is a golden yellow sun with eight primary rays (which signifies eight provinces) each containing three individual rays; and at each corner of the triangle is a five-pointed golden yellow stat. The sun with eight rays in the Philippine flag represents the first eight provinces (Manila, Bulacan, BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Laguna, Batangas and Cavite) that revolt and fought for independence from the Spanish-rule. The flag was conceptualized by Emilio Aguinaldo. The first flag was sewn in Hongkong by Marcela Agoncillo, her daughter Lorenza, and Dona DelfinaHerbosa de Natividad, niece of Jose Rizal. The flag is displayed with the blue field on the top in times of peace, and with red field on top in times of war. The flag is unique in the sense that it can indicate a state of war when the red field is displayed on top or on the observer’s left when the flag is displayed vertically, with the white equilateral triangle at the top end. Flag Construction The flag’s length is twice its width, which translate into an aspect ratio of 1:2. The length of all sides of the white triangle is equal to the width of the flag. Each star is oriented in such manner that one of its tips points towards the vertex at which it is located. Flag Protocol The flag should be displayed in all government buildings, official residence, public plazas, and schools every day throughout the year. The days of the 28th of may (national Flag day) and 12th of June 9Independence day) are designated as flag days, during which all offices, agencies and instrumentalities of government, business establishments, institutions of learning and private homes are enjoined to display the flag. In Section 9 of RA 8491, the Philippine flag must be permanently hoisted and illuminated at night at the following locations: 1. Malacaňang Palace, 2. The Congress of the Philippine buildings (Senate and House of Representatives) 3. Supreme Court of the Philippine Building 4. The Rizal Monument 5. Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite 6. Barasain Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan 7. Tomb of theUnknown Soldiers in La Union, Libingan ng mgaBayani in Makati) 8. Mauseleo de losVeteranos de la Revolucion 9. All international ports of entry BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training 10. All other places as may be designated by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP). Half-mast The flag may be flown at half-mast as a sign or mourning. Upon the official announcement of the death of the president or a former President, the flag should be flown at half-mast for 10 days. The flag should be flown at half-mast for seven (7) days following the death of the Vice President, the Chief Justice, the president of the Senate or the speaker of the House of the Representatives. The flag may also be required to fly at half-mast upon the death of other persons to be determined by the NHCP, for a period less than seven days. The flag shall be flown at half-mast on all the buildings and places where the decedent was holding office, on the day of death until the day of interment of an incumbent member of the Supreme Court, the Cabinet, the Senate or the House of Representative, and such other persons as may be determined by the NHCP. When flown at half-mast, the flag should be first hoisted to the peak for a moment then lowered to the half- mast position. It should be raised to the peak again before it is lowered for the day. Folding the Flag 1. Hold the flag at each of its four corners and pull it taut. The folder holds the corners at the end with the blue and red fields. 2. Fold the flag in half, lengthwise, with red field covering the blue field. Pull it taut again making sure the open side’s edges are flush with one another. 3. Fold it in half again, the closed side over the open side, again maintaining the flattening tension and parallel, flush edges on the open side. The blue field should now be displayed face up. 4. Take the closed side’s blue field corner and fold it over the open side such that what was the bottom edge is now parallel and flush with open side forming a right triangle (with 900). 5. At the right angle, fold the flag again such that a new right triangle is formed, still keeping the open edges parallel. 6. Fold the right –angled corner of the new triangle over such that it forms a new right triangle with what had been the bottom edge now flush with the side of the flag below it. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training 7. Continue this sequence of folds creating right triangle until the flag is completely folded into right triangle bundle. The white field and yellow sun should now predominate in the visible areas of the flag. Prohibited Acts In Section 34 of RA 8491, the flag cannot be used in the following rationales: 1. Defacing or ridiculing the flag by dipping the flag as a salute, or adding additional marks on the flag; 2. As a drapery, festoon, tablecloth, a covering, or as part of a costume or a uniform; 3. As a trademark or for commercial or agricultural labels or designs; 4. As part of merchandise or in any advertisement or infomercial; and 5. As a pennant in the hood, side, back and top of motor vehicles. Other Rules on the Display of the Philippine Flag 1. On board naval vessels, the flag shall be displayed on the flagstaff at the stern when the ship is at anchor. The Flag shall be hoisted to the gaff at the aftermast when the ship is at sea. 2. On all aircraft with Philippine registry, the Philippine Flag shall be prominently displayed horizontally on its fuselage with the hoist side pointing the forward direction. 3. The flagpole must not be of equal height or higher than the Independence Flagpole at the Rizal Park, Manila (107ft). Learning Activity Directions:Conduct an interview or research on how to properly dispose the Philippine Flag. Report your work through video presentation. Learning Assessment Directions:Answer the following questions. 1. Is the provisions of RA 8491 very clear to you? Explain it. 2. Using a graphic organizer, make a timeline of the history of the Philippine flag. 3. Make a two – minute infomercial promoting nationalism and respect to Philippine flag. Learning References RA 8491 BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training July 25, 2020 https://www.slideshare.net/ejentero/flag-and-the-heraldic-code-of-the-philippines BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Lesson 5 - Good Citizenship Values Learning Objectives At the end of the topic, students are expected to: a. analyze the preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution; b. give the duties and obligations of Filipino citizens; c. cite activities in teachingnationalism. Learning Content Developing Good Citizenship Every right has a corresponding responsibility. Next to the right to live is the right for citizenship. It provides man the necessary protection of the state, identity, education, job opportunities, securities and all other rights provided by existing laws. To the students and instructor, you may access the diagnostic test on Philippine Citizenship at https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=philippine- citizenship-test-practice. Preamble of the 1987 Constitution We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution. Citizenship Citizenship is a term denoting membership of a citizen in a political society, which membership implies, reciprocally, a duty of allegiance on the part member and duty of protection on the part of the State. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training Citizen A citizen is a person having the title of citizenship. He is a member of a democratic community who enjoys a full civil and political rights and its accorded protection inside and outside the territory of the State. Article IV, Section 1 of the 1987 Constitution identifies the following as citizens of the Philippines: 1. Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of said Constitution; 2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines; those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine Citizenship upon reaching the age of majority; and 3. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law. Great ideal in the life of every citizen The greatest ideal in the life of every citizen must be patriotism or love of country. This achieved through the exercise the positive nationalism and the defense of our sovereignty when it is threatened by outside and inside forces. Next to loyalty to God is loyalty to country which is sealed by a pledge of allegiance such loyalty is neither through compulsion of force, as motivated by certain material considerations. Filipino citizen’s loyalty As a citizen, we have several objects of loyalty in our country, superiors or duly constituted authorities, principle, our flag, our word of honor. Filipino may differ in physical features but they are bound by their love for the country they call their own. They are proud of the cultural heritage and prouder still to belong to a race of people known for their courage and love of freedom. Loyalty must be inspired by the respect and faith in the cause to which we subscribe. It should not be servility or fanaticism. Loyalty is based on love of country, respect for superiors, belief in the cause and principle, reverence for national symbols and loyalty to one’s world of honor. Acquiring Citizenship 1.There are two principles of citizenship in the world, “jus solis” (by blood) and “jus sanguinis” (by birth). 2. A baby who was born within the air space or within 12 nautical miles from the boarder of the United States will automatically have US citizenship regardless of the parent’s nationality. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS Module 1 – Citizenship Training 3. Commonwealth Act No. 473 provides the qualifications and processes for acquiring Filipino citizenship. Learning Activity Directions:Compose a three –stanza poem encouraging good citizenship (English or Filipino). Record yourself while reciting it. Learning Assessment Directions:Answer the following questions: 1. How do you internalize the Preamble of our Constitution? 2. Think of other possible activities to demonstrate the inculcating of nationalism. Learning References 1. 1987 Philippine Constitution 2. Commonwealth Act No. 473 3. GuilloJr.,Romeo M, Content Standards of Literacy Training Service, Morlanda Publishing, 2011 4. July 25, 2020 https://thepointsguy.com/2018/01/what-is-the-citizenship-of-a- baby-born-on-an-airplane/ 5. July 25, 2020 https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=philippine- citizenship-test-practice. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS  Module 1 – Citizenship Training Lesson 6 – Voter Citizenship Education Learning Objectives At the end of the topic, students are expected to: a) recognize the duties and responsibilities as voter; b) inspire to participate actively in activities whether in national or local elections Learning Content The Filipino citizen-voter education cover the political and electoral system, human rights, and governance that serve to contribute to efforts at developing matured and informed political attitudes and decisions of Filipino citizen-voters. 1. What is election? Election is the means by which the people choose their officials for definite and fixed periods 2. What are the different types of electoral exercises? The two (2) types of electoral exercises are: a) regular elections (national, local, barangay, ARMM, SK) b) special elections (plebiscite, referendum, initiative, recall) 3. What is the right of suffrage? Suffrage is the human right to vote to which, in the Philippines, is embodied in three documents: a) The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) b) The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; and c) The 1987 Philippine Constitution. These documents all call for universality of the right; equality in access to public service; and secrecy of voters. The political choice and decision you make will determine the kind of government that will serve the country. The will of the people, then, will be best expressed in clean, orderly and honest election. 4. Who are qualified to vote in Philippine elections? a) Citizens of the Philippines; b) Those who are 18 years old and above on the day of elections; c) A resident of the Philippines for one year and in the city or municipality wherein he/she proposes to vote for at least six months before the elections. 5. Who are qualified to vote under the Overseas Absentee Voting Law? a) Filipino citizen abroad BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS  Module 1 – Citizenship Training b) Those who are 18 years old and above on the day of elections c) Immigrants with affidavit to resume residence in the Philippines d) Permanent residents with affidavit of intent to resume residence in the Philippines. 6. Who are disqualified by law to vote in Philippine elections? a) Persons sentenced to be imprisoned for not less than one year b) Persons who committed rebellion, sedition, violation of the anti-subversion and firearms law, or any crime against national security or disloyalty to the government c) Insane or incompetent persons 7. How often are the elections held? a) Every 2nd Monday of May for national and local election National and local elections are held on the second Monday of May every third year starting 1992. The presidential and vice presidential elections are held every six years. Election Days in which the president and vice president and barangay officials are not elected are called "midterm elections"; Election Days in which the president and vice president are elected are called "presidential elections". Barangay-level officials, although are currently elected in the same year as the other officials, are elected separately the succeeding months. b) Every last Monday of October, every 3 years for barangay and SK officials Barangay-level elections, starting from 2007, are to be held every three years during the last Monday of October, although these elections are frequently postponed (and incumbents' terms are extended) as a cost-saving measure. c) Every 3 years from March 1993 – ARRM elections Elections for the positions in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM), starting from 2011, are to be held every three years during the second Monday of May. 8. What are the actions points for citizen-voters in exercising the right of suffrage? a) Before elections Prepare to exercise the right of suffrage and the right to an informed and free choice.  Register during the period allowed for voter registration.  Be informed of the issues, platforms, and personalities of the political candidates.  Set specific guidelines in choosing government leaders in terms of the candidate’s social affiliations and interests, competence, lifestyle, and performance records.  Conduct/participate in public debates that would inform citizens and gain the commitment of the candidates to integrate, foremost, the interests and welfare of the citizen in their program of government. b) During elections Exercise vigilance and the right to vote.  Vote according to your conscience BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS  Module 1 – Citizenship Training  Protect the integrity of your own vote from any other undue influence  Volunteer in organizations that work for clean and peaceful elections  Watch out for instance of cheating in the elections and inform authorities and the rest of the electorate of such activities. c) After elections Practice continued vigilance and participate in governance.  Be vigilant in the counting and canvassing of votes  Attend consultations and public hearings, and participate in local special bodies.  Legislate advocacy – s process where citizens talk with lawmakers and other implementers in the government to ensure that the concerns and welfare of the general public are included in the discussion and making of laws. d) The Election process These are the steps in the election process:  Registration day  Revision day  List of votes  Casting of votes  Counting of votes  Preparation of election returns and other reports  Distribution of election returns Board of Canvassers (for President and Vice President Board of Canvassers (for Senators) Board of Canvassers (for Provincial/City/District/Municipal)  Proclamation of winning candidates e) Citizen-voter participation in Political affairs  Initiation and Referendum Through the system of initiative and referendum, the people can directly propose, exact, and reject laws at the local level. Citizens may directly propose amendments to the Constitution by a petition of at least 12% of the total number of registered voters where three (3) % of registered voters in each legislative district are presented  Plebiscite Through plebiscite, the people approve or reject the call for a Constitution, approve or reject proposed changes in the Constitution and, at the local level, express their will on certain local issues.  Sectoral Representation The party-list system of representation gives sectors the chance to be represented in Congress together with Congressmen/women or Representative. The Constitution and the 1991 Local Government Code (LGC) allow for representation of sectors in the local legislature or Sanggunian.  Local special Bodies Ordinary citizens are called to sit in local special bodies such as the local health boards, school boards, peace and order councils, and BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS  Module 1 – Citizenship Training developmentcouncils for consultation. The barangay assembly has the power to hear and judge the report of Sangguniang Barangay’s (SB) performance.  Absentee Voting system Republic Act 9189 or the Absentee Voting Law provides for a system which allows qualified Filipinos abroad to vote in national elections in the Philippines. Learning Activity Directions: Interview any of the following: a) a former barangay official b) an incumbent barangay official c) three (3) members of the community who cast their votes three (3) times already. Ask them how the election mean for them; how active are they before, during and after election. For non-barangay officials, ask their participation after the election. Record your interview and make a report or narrative. Learning Assessment Directions: Answer the following test items. 1. What do you call to the right of every citizen in legal age to elect their government official? _______________________ 2. Qualified Filipino citizen shall register for election at the barangay office. True _____ or False _____ 3. President of the Republic of the Philippines are elected every three years. True _____ or False _____ 4. Governor and Mayors are elected at the same election period. True _____ or False _____ 5. Judicial positions are also elected officials of the government. True _____ or False _____ 6. According to the election code, election for barangay officials and SanguniangKabataan (SK) officials are held at the same time. True _____ or False _____ 7. Registered and qualified Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW) are allowed to cast their votes. True _____ or False _____ 8. All Filipino citizens are qualified to vote. True _____ or False _____ 9. The following are the qualified to vote in Philippine elections except one. a) A resident of the Philippines for one year and in the city or municipality wherein he/she proposes to vote for at least six months before the elections. BatStateU - National Service Training Program 1 – CWTS/LTS