Module-1-social-psych (1).pptx

MODULE 1 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY What is Social Psychology  Social Psychology ◦According to psychologist Gordon Allport, social psychology uses scientific methods "to understand and explain how the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined,...

MODULE 1 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY What is Social Psychology  Social Psychology ◦According to psychologist Gordon Allport, social psychology uses scientific methods "to understand and explain how the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied the presence of other human beings. Social Psychology Social Psychology  Social Psychology ◦ Essentially, social psychology is about understanding how each person's individual behavior is influenced by the social environment in which that behavior takes place.  Social Psychology ◦You probably already realize that other people can have a dramatic influence on the way you act and the choices you make. Consider how you might behave in a situation if you were all alone versus if there were other people in the room. Observe This Picture  Social Psychology ◦ The decisions you make and the behaviors you exhibit might depend on not only how many people are present but exactly who you are around. For example, you are likely to behave much differently when you are around a group of close friends than you would around a group of colleagues or supervisors from work. Social Psychology Social psychology encompasses a wide range of social topics, including: ◦ Group behavior- the attitude, feeling and thought of a collection of people that can be observed or noticed. It is guided by some rules and regulations which may or may not be so with the individual. Group behavior Social perception- refers to identifying and utilizing social cues to make judgments about social roles, rules, relationships, context, or the characteristic Leadership- is a process of social influence, which maximizes the efforts of others, towards the achievement of a goal. Leadership is a process of social influence, which maximizes the efforts of others, towards the achievement of a goal Nonverbal behavior- is the transfer of information through the use of body language including eye contact, facial expressions, gestures and more. Conformity- action in accord with prevailing social standards, attitudes, practices, etc. correspondence in form, nature, or character; agreement, congruity, or accordance. compliance or acquiescence; obedience Aggression- violent behavior or attitudes toward another; readiness to attack or confront. Prejudice- is an assumption or an opinion about someone simply based on that person's membership to a particular group. For example, people can be prejudiced against someone else of a different ethnicity, gender, or religion. Types of Nonverbal Communication ◦ Gestures Deliberate movements and signals are an important way to communicate meaning without words. Common gestures include waving, pointing, and using fingers to indicate numeric amounts. ◦ Proxemics People often refer to their need for "personal space," which is also an important type of nonverbal communication. ◦ Eye Gaze The eyes play an important role in nonverbal communication and such things as looking, staring and blinking are important nonverbal behaviors. ◦ Appearance Our choice of color, clothing, hairstyles, and other factors affecting appearance are also considered a means of nonverbal communication. Research on color psychology has demonstrated that different colors can evoke different moods. Appearance can also alter physiological reactions, judgments, and interpretations.  Types of Prejudice ◦ Racism- is the scientifically false belief that groups of humans possess different behavioral traits corresponding to physical appearance and can be divided based on the superiority of one race over another ◦ Sexism- discrimination based on sex or gender, especially against women and girls. ◦ Ageism- discrimination against a particular age-group and especially the elderly ◦ Classism- a belief that a person's social or economic station in society determines their value in that society ◦ Homophobia- an irrational fear of hatred of, aversion to, or discrimination against homosexual people or perceived homosexual behavior. It may be experienced by heterosexual as well as LGBT people.)  Types of Prejudice ◦ Nationalism- is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state ◦ Religious prejudice- means negative attitudes or behavior between people of different religious groups because of their differing religious beliefs. Different religions have different beliefs, practices, and leadership structure. In many regions of the world, religion is the defining characteristic of a people. ◦ Xenophobia- is the excessive fear, dislike, and even hostility toward of anything “foreign” or to anything and anybody from outside one's own social group, nation, or country  Thank you Prepared by: Albert Ray D. Maggay Prof. B.S. Psychology