Module 4 Lab Preparation PDF

Preparation for Module 4 lab Axilla, muscles of the arm, and brachial pleaxus  Learning Outcomes: Name the muscles of the pectoral region and identify the attachments, actions, and innervation of each. Identify the boundaries and contents of the axilla and anterior compartment o...

Preparation for Module 4 lab Axilla, muscles of the arm, and brachial pleaxus  Learning Outcomes: Name the muscles of the pectoral region and identify the attachments, actions, and innervation of each. Identify the boundaries and contents of the axilla and anterior compartment of the upper arm. Describe the details of brachial plexus and identify all its components.  Muscles of the pectoral region Pectoralis major O: Clavicle- rib 6 I: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus N: Lateral and medial pectoral A: Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the arm Pectoralis minor O: 3rd–5th ribs I: coracoid process of scapula N: Lateral or medial pectoral A: Stabilizes scapula  Muscles of the pectoral region Subclavius O: 1st rib I: Inferior surface of clavicle N: Nerve to subclavius A: Anchors and depresses clavicle Serratus anterior O: 1st–8th ribs I: medial border of scapula N: Long thoracic nerve A: Protracts and rotates scapula Walls of the Axilla pectoralis major pectoralis minor clavipectoral fascia serratus A anterior humerus L – M overlying the P lateral thoracic wall Subscapularis latissimus dorsi Teres major Contents of the Axilla: Axillary sheath enclosing the axillary artery and vein The three cords of the brachial plexus and their branches The short head and tendon of long head of biceps brachii, and coracobrachialis muscle The axillary lymph nodes  The Axillary Artery 1. First part : between the lateral border of the 1st rib and the medial border of the pectoralis minor. It has one branch— the superior thoracic artery 2. Second part: lies posterior to pectoralis minor. Two branches— the thoracoacromial and latera l thoracic arteries 3. Third part: from the lateral border of pectoralis minor to the inferior border of teres major; three branches — The subscapular artery, anterior circumflex humeral and posterior circumflex humeral arteries  The Axillary Vein Three parts, correspond to the three parts of the axillary artery. cephalic vein, enters the axillary vein superior to the pectoralis minor, close to its transition into the subclavian vein  The Axillary Lymph Nodes Five principal groups: Pectoral (anterior) Subscapular (posterior) Humeral (lateral) Central Apical Efferent vessels from the apical group ultimately unite to form the subclavian lymphatic trunk which join the other lymphatic trunks to make the right lymphatic duct  Brachial Plexus Supraclavicular branches: Dorsal scapular Long thoracic Suprascapular Subclavian Infraclavicular branches: Lateral pectoral Medial pectoral Medial cutaneous nerve of arm Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm Thoracodorsal Upper subscapular Lower subscapular Contents of the Anterior Compartment of Upper Limb Upper arm is divided into anterior and posterior compartments, separated by the humerus and medial and lateral intermuscular septae. Anterior Compartment contains: Muscles of the anterior compartment Brachial artery Basilic vein Musculocutaneous, median, and ulnar nerves  Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of Upper Limb Biceps brachii: O: Short head: tip of coracoid process Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula I: Radial tuberosity N: Musculocutaneous nerve A: Supinates forearm and, when it is supine, flexes forearm Coracobrachialis: Brachialis: O: Tip of coracoid process O: Anterior surface of humerus I: Medial surface of humerus I: Coronoid process of ulnar tuberosity N: Musculocutaneous nerve N: Musculocutaneous and radial nerve A: Helps flex and adduct arm A: Flexes forearm Any Questions?