Mitosis PDF

Animal Cells vs Plant Cells CELL DIVISION In EUKARYOTES, cell division occurs in 2 major stages: 1. Division of the cell nucleus, called mitosis; and 2. Division of the cell cytoplasm, called cytokinesis.  MITOSIS A process of nuclear division wherein two genetically identical daughte...

Animal Cells vs Plant Cells CELL DIVISION In EUKARYOTES, cell division occurs in 2 major stages: 1. Division of the cell nucleus, called mitosis; and 2. Division of the cell cytoplasm, called cytokinesis.  MITOSIS A process of nuclear division wherein two genetically identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as their parent cell are produced. CHROMOSOMES  Each chromosome consists of two identical “sister” chromatids. Each pair of chromatids is attached at an area called the centromere.  CHROMOSOMES Genetic information is passed from one generation to the next generation through chromosomes. Before cell division, each chromosome is duplicated, or copied.  CHROMATIN Long thin strands made up of DNA and protein. The protein helps the DNA to stay together when chromosomes form. CELL CYCLE The cell cycle is the series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide.  DURING THE CELL CYCLE 1. a cell grows 2. prepares for division 3. divides itself to form two daughter cells, each of which begins the cycle again INTERPHASE is the period of growth that occurs between cell divisions. Cell spends most of its life in this phase.  During G1 (FIRST GAP PHASE) The cell increases in size (grows). Synthesizes new proteins and organelles (develops).  During S phase (DNA REPLICATION) Chromosomes are replicated. DNA synthesis takes place.  During G2 Phase THE (SECOND GAP PHASE) Organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced. Once G2 is complete, the cell is ready to start the M phase - Mitosis.  Subphases of Interphase Gap 1 (G1) The cell doubles in size and produces all the structures needed to carry out its functions. It matures to its full size and structure. Synthesis (S) The cell makes a copy of the DNA; also referred to as DNA replication. Gap 2 (G2) The cell continues to grow. It ensures that everything is ready for cell division.  MITOSIS Occurs in body cells – somatic cells Forms two identical daughter cells exactly like the original Biologists divide the events of mitosis into four phases: P-M-A-T. ✔ PROPHASE ✔ METAPHASE ✔ ANAPHASE ✔ TELOPHASE PROPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASE  THE WHOLE PROCESS INTERPHASE PROPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASE CYTOKINESIS