Media and Information Literacy PDF

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : – SEM # Q# WEEK # – ○ Where the message comes from 1.0 MEDIA AND INFORMATION MESSAGE LITERACY...

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : – SEM # Q# WEEK # – ○ Where the message comes from 1.0 MEDIA AND INFORMATION MESSAGE LITERACY ○ Contains the information, ideas, opinion, thought or emotions of the sender DIGITAL NATIVES CHANNEL The generation of people who grew up in the era ○ Medium or means of communication of ubiquitous technology, including computers RECEIVER and the internet. ○ Who gets the message or the intended audience Why do we have to learn Media and Information FEEDBACK Literacy? ○ Refers to the response of the receiver NATURE OF MIL Effectively communicate Critically & creatively involve Utilization of various media and information Development of oneself and the society GOAL OF TEACHING MIL Can ethically and responsibly access, share, evaluate and communicate their newly created knowledge Using an appropriate form and medium UNESCO (UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, MASS COMMUNICATION SCIENTIFIC, AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION) Public transmission of message from one party A specialized agency of United Nations. to a larger number of recipients Encourages, facilitates, monitors the development of media and information literacy NOISE IN COMMUNICATION in the world. Any factor that interferes with or impedes effective communication. COMMUNICATION ○ Physical Noise Successful exchanging ot information of two or ○ Semantic Noise more people ○ Physiological Noise Accomplished through the exchange of mutually ○ Psychological Noise understood signs and symbols ○ Technical Noise MEDIA IN COMMUNICATION Serve as channels to spread information COMMUNICATION PROCESS SENDER ○ Encodes the message MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 1  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : communicate and compute using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts The ability to read and write, this is the basic definition of literacy 1.2 INFORMATION LITERACY, MEDIA LITERACY, TECHNOLOGY LITERACY HOW DO INFORMATION AND MEDIA AFFECT INFORMATION LITERACY COMMUNICATION? The ability to recognize, utilize, evaluate, and create information effectively using varied sources PROS CONS MEDIA LITERACY 1. Increased Access 1. Misinformation & The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and to Information Disinformation 2. Enhanced 2. Information create media in a variety of forms (print, Connectivity Overload broadcast and new media) 3. Diverse Perspective 3. Privacy Concerns 4. Interactivity and 4. Echo Chambers TECHNOLOGY LITERACY Engagement 5. Cyberbullying & Focuses on one’s familiarity with technology and 5. Educational Harassment digital tools Purposes 6. Addiction & 6. Convenience & Dependency Speed 7. Commercialization 2.0 MEDIA AND INFORMATION SOURCES 7. Entertainment & Bias 8. Awareness & 8. Shortened Advocacy Attention Spans` 2.1 TYPES OF INFORMATION OTHER COMPONENTS THAT AFFECT SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION Information drawn from the research of field Communication skills experts Educational backgrounds Religious beliefs Political Ideologies HOW CAN I TELL IF A SOURCE IS SCHOLARLY? Social system Culture AUTHOR Are author names provided? Are the author’s credentials provided? 1.1 MIL RELATED TERMS AND DEFINITIONS Are the credentials relevant to the information provided? MEDIA AUDIENCE Who is the intended audience A means of communication that reach or of this source influence people widely Is the language geared toward those with knowledge MEDIA CONVERGENCE of a specific discipline rather Integration of different media platforms than the general public? INFORMATION PUBLISHERS Who is the publisher of the Facts or details that depict meanings to a information person Is the publisher an academic institution, scholarly, or LITERACY professional organization? According to UNESCO: Literacy is the ability to Is their purpose for identify, understand, interpret, create, MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 2  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : ○ Biographies publishing this information evident? TERTIARY SOURCE Summaries and collection of primary and CONTENT Why is the information being secondary sources; overview of the topic, but provided? rarely contains original material Are sources cited? ○ Abstracts Are research claims ○ Encyclopedias documented? ○ Handbooks Are the conclusions based on ○ Tables evidence provided? ○ Dictionaries CURRENCY Is the date of the publication ○ Directories evident? ○ Chronologies ○ Classifications ○ Bibliographies PROFESSIONAL/TRADE Written by professionals or practitioners in a SOURCES OF INFORMATION particular field not intended to be “scholarly” SUBJECT PRIMARY SECONDAR TERTIARY SOURCE Y SOURCE SOURCE ENTERTAINMENT/POPULAR Information meant for the general population TRAFFIC CCTV Waze app Summarized Feed waze user OPINION reviewes Information based on someone’s viewpoint or judgement MEDICINE RA 10351 Document Ebcyclopedi (Sin Tax ary on the a article on Law) effects of tobacco 2.2 THREE (3) SOURCES OF INFORMATION sin tax law LITERATURE Harry Book Dictionary PRIMARY SOURCES (Harry Potter review of wizarding First-hand accounts, original idea, findings or a Potter) words scientific study, created by the person(s) directly involved in an activity or an event. HISTORY Diary of Biography List of ○ Theses/dissertations (Martial Martial film about missing ○ Diaries Law) Law a family persons ○ Interviews Victim during from the ○ Letters Martial Martial Law ○ Autobiographies Law period ○ Speeches ○ Manuscripts COVID-19 Interview News Summary of ○ Photographs PANDEMIC COVID-19 article covid-19 ○ Original Works & literatures Patients about cases COVID-19 SECONDARY SOURCE Information obtained from the secondary sources, has undergone editing, and 2.3 PROVIDERS OF INFORMATION interpretation, perspective of readers ○ Scholarly books ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS ○ Encyclopedia Schools, colleges, and universities that confer ○ Research articles academic degrees ○ Dictionaries ○ Commentaries GOVERNMENT AGENCIES ○ Magazines Government organizations which are ○ Newspaper articles MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 3  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : responsible for the administration of a specific Mythology (mitolohiya) function PAGASA LIBRARY ○ Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and A building or room that contains a collection of Astronomical Services Administration books, periodicals, and/or audio-visual materials ○ Informs us about the weather MUSEUM PHIVOLCS Buildings or places where works of art, scientific ○ Philippine Institute of Volcanology and specimens, artefacts are kept and displayed. Seismology ○ Monitors volcanoes and earthquake INTERNET faults A go-to place in search of information A global network of computers that allows DOST computer users to share information ○ Department of Science and technology ○ Promotes scientific and technological development in the Philippines (not stated in the powerpoint) NDRRMC ○ National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council ○ Coordinates disaster response and management efforts in the Philippines (not stated in the powerpoint) PRIVATE SECTOR Include businesses, organizations and other players in the economy that are not owned or operated by the government PRIVATE INDIVIDUALS Those who do not represent another person, corporation or group 2.4 WHERE TO FIND INFORMATION 2.5 ATTRIBUTION AND DATA SOURCES? TRIANGULATION INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE Local knowledge that is unique to a given ATTRIBUTION culture or society The identification of the sources of information ○ Is the sources known? ○ Is the source credible and reputable?. ݁₊ ⊹. ݁ CHARACTERISTICS ݁. ⊹ ₊ ݁. DATA TRIANGULATION Oral tradition of communication The process of finding two or more sources for Stored information in memories the same information Information exchange is face-to-face Method used to question the validity, reliability, and accuracy of an information source (Pierce, 2008). ݁₊ ⊹. ݁ EXAMPLES ݁. ⊹ ₊ ݁. ○ Are the sources scholarly, academic, or reputable? Legend (alamat) ○ How many different quality sources are Folktale (kwentong bayan) saying the same thing? Epic (epiko) ○ Are the facts verifiable? MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 4  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : ○ Positioning 3.0 MEDIA AND INFORMATION ○ Movement LANGUAGES ○ Framing ○ Exposure ○ Lens choice LANGUAGE Is a method of human communication, either EYE LEVEL SHOT spoken, written or body language Subject is filmed at eye-level to replicate how people see each other face to face MEDIA CODES System of signs that are put together to create LOW ANGLE SHOT arbitrary meaning Subject is filmed from a lower level to establish the subject’s dominance or power TYPES OF MEDIA CODES 1. Technical Codes HIGH ANGLE SHOT 2. Symbolic Codes Subject is filmed from a higher level to establish 3. Written Codes the subject’s inferiority. ݁₊ ⊹. ݁1) TECHNICAL CODES ݁. ⊹ ₊ ݁. COWBOY SHOT Camera is held at waist level to capture action Include sounds, camera angles, types of shots around the subject’s hip and lighting KNEE LEVEL SHOT AUDIO Camera films at knee-level to emphasize the Expressive or natural use of sound subject’s superiority ○ Dialogue ○ Sound effects GROUND LEVEL SHOT ○ Music Camera set at ground level to emphasize the MAJOR SOUNDING SCALES subject’s movement ○ and chords and their brighter, cheerier sound SHOULDER LEVEL SHOT MINOR SCALES Subject is filmed at shoulder-level to make the ○ and chords their darker, sadder sound subject feel smaller or shorter DIEGETIC SOUND DUTCH ANGLE SHOT Refers to the noises in the film that are heard by Camera films a tilted angle to create a sense of both the characters and the audience disorientation or instability ○ Dialogue and the voices of the characters OVERHEAD SHOT ○ Music present in the scene itself, such Subjects are filmed from a bird’s eye view, as a radio or a live band looking down on them to provide a fuller ○ Sound effects created by objects and perspective of a scene. characters in the story AERIAL SHOT NON-DIEGETIC SOUND Subjects are filmed with a drone or from a flying Refers to the noises in the film that can only be vehicle to cover and display a vast expense of heard by the audience, as it does not exist for scenery the characters themselves. ○ The narrator’s commentary ○ Sound effects not created by objects CAMERA MOVEMENT and characters in the story PAN ○ The film’s score Moving a camera horizontally without it moving vertically CAMERAWORK Refers to how camera is operated, positioned TILT and moved for specific effects Moving a camera vertically without it moving MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 5  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : horizontally Light source is visible in the scene to ass cinematic ambience ZOOM Adjusting the focal length of the lens to make HARD LIGHTING the subject appear closer or further away Draws attention to the subject with harsh shadows PEDESTAL When the camera is lifted or lowered vertically in SOFT LIGHTING its entirety without tilting it. Brightly lit and with weaker, softer shadows DOLLY HIGH-KEY LIGHTING When a camera moves along a set of tracks to Extremely powerful light with no shadows get closer or further away from the subject LOW-KEY LIGHTING TRUCK Low levels of light with heavy shadows When the camera is moved left or right horizontally in its entirety without panning it. NATURAL LIGHTING Utilizing light already present at the location of HANDHELD the scene, like the sun Carrying the camera to recreate a series of techniques, or to create a bouncy shot MOTIVATED LIGHTING Lights manufactured to imitate natural light FLOATING sources like the sun When a stabilized camera is used to smoothen and facilitate the motion of handheld cameras BOUNCE LIGHTING Light is beamed to a reflector, which softens the JIB light while highlighting the subject When a crane is used to hold a camera, allowing one to film from low and high shooting positions LIGHTING Manipulation of natural or artificial light to selectively highlight specific elements of the scene ○ Quality ○ Direction ○ Source ○ Color TYPES OF LIGHTING KEY LIGHTING The primary, most powerful light in a scene FILL LIGHTING Softens the harsh shadows created by the key light EDITING BACKLIGHTING Process of choosing, manipulating, and Placed behind the subject to separate them arranging images and sound from the background. ݁₊ ⊹. ݁ 2) SYMBOLIC CODES ݁. ⊹ ₊ ݁. SIDE LIGHTING Placed to the side of the subject to bring out the Setting, Mise en scene, Acting, Color, iconic details of their face symbols PRACTICAL LIGHTING SETTING MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 6  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : Time and place of the narrative codes to be arranged. MISE EN SCENE STORY CONVENTIONS French term which means “everything within the Narrative structures and common frame” understanding in story telling media products ○ Set design ○ Narrative structures ○ Costume ○ Cause and effect ○ Props ○ Character construction ○ Staging ○ Point of View ○ Composition ACTING GENRE CONVENTIONS Refers to the art of human interpretation of a Common use of tropes, characters, setting or character themes in particular type of medium ○ Facial expression TROPES ○ Body language ○ Refers to anything that gets used often ○ Vocal qualities enough to be recognized COLOR MEDIA REPRESENTATIONS Has highly cultural and strong connotations the ways in which the media portrays particular groups, communities, experiences, ideas, or ICONIC SYMBOLS topics from a particular perspective Symbolically use to convey a message DENOTATION ○ Literal aspect of an information SEMIOTICS CONNOTATION The field of study that deals with signs and ○ Refers to the meaning or interpretation meanings people associate with an information\ SIGNIFIER ○ Any physical gesture, image, or sound MESSAGES that conveys meaning The information sent from a source to a receiver SIGNIFIED ○ The mental concept or meaning that the STAKEHOLDERS signifier conveys AUDIENCES DENOTATION ○ The group of consumers for whom a ○ Literal or obvious meaning media message was constructed as well CONNOTATION as anyone else who is exposed to the ○ Potential or suggested meaning message PRODUCERS ○ The people engage in the process of creating and putting together of the. ݁₊ ⊹. ݁ 3) WRITTEN CODES ݁. ⊹ ₊ ݁. media content to make a finished Formal written language used in media product. product It also use to advance a narrative communicate information about a character or issues 4.0 LEGAL, ETHICAL, AND SOCIETAL ○ Printed language ISSUES ○ Dialogue ○ Song lyrics Ignorantia juris non excusat “Ignorance of the law is no excuse” CONVENTIONS Also used to communicate ideas, information, Ignorantia legis neminem excusat and knowledge “Ignorance of the law excuses no one” A practice or technique that is widely used in a field (David Croteau and William Hoynes, 2003) CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES a habit or long accepted way of doing things “Ignorance of the law excuses no one from compliance therewith.” FORM CONVENTIONS The certain ways we expect types of media LAWS IN MEDIA AND INFORMATION MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 7  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : RA 8293 ○ (Intellectual Property Code of the PATENT Philippines) Pertains to an exclusive right granted to an RA 10175 invention ○ (Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012) Protects the owner from other people who RA 10173 deliberately or intentionally copy his invention ○ (Data Privacy Act of 2012) Three (3) conditions for an invention to be patentable: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ○ It has to be new (novelty) Pertains to the output of a person’s intellectual ○ Involves an inventive step pursuit. (non-obviousness) ○ Industrially applicable (utility) Effectivity: twenty (20) years from the filing date of the 4.1 RA 8293 application RA 8293 CAN I PATENT AN IDEA OF A NEW INVENTION? Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines No, an idea of a new invention alone cannot be Ensures effective use of the Intellectual Property patented. An invention to be patentable has to System in all levels of society for the creation, be applied to a product or process and meet protection, utilization, and enforcement of the three criteria. Intellectual Property. PURPOSE: ○ Protect the rights of the person who TRADEMARK created a particular work Refers to a specific sign associated with a ○ Compensate financially for their work particular brand of goods or services ○ Recognize the person who made that Use by companies to distinguish their products work from other available and similar products in the Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines market (IPOPHL) Protection: 10-year protection renewable ○ Government agency mandated to indefinitely for succeeding periods of 10 years. administer and implement State policies on intellectual property (IP) to strengthen TRADE SECRET the protection of IP rights in the country. A secret device or technique used by a company in manufacturing its product COPYRIGHT Use by companies to distinguish their products Legal protection extended to the owner of the from other available and similar products in the rights in an original work. market ○ “Original work” - literary, scientific, and Examples: formulas, manufacturing processes, artistic domain and source codes LITERARY WORKS AND ARTISTIC WORKS ○ Coca-cola’s recipe for their signature ○ Books drink ○ Musical works ○ Google’s search algorithm ○ Films ○ Secret client lists at any company ○ Photographic works ○ McDonald’s Big Mac “special sauce” ○ Ornamental designs INFRINGEMENT ○ Paintings Violation of the law (intellectual property) ○ Sculpture ○ copyright, patent, trade mark, ○ Work of arts The action of breaking the terms of a law, ○ Computer programs agreement, etc. ○ Mobile apps ○ Recording a film in a movie theatre TERM OF PROTECTION ○ Posting a video which features ○ Copyright protection stays up to at least copyrighted words or songs 50 years (in the Philippines) after the ○ Using copyrighted images death of the author/creator (lifetime of ○ Downloading music or films without the author +50 years) paying for their use MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 8  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : ○ Copying any literary or artistic work payments made in exchange for the right to use without a license or written agreement another party's property MYTHS VS FACTS ON INTERNET INFRINGEMENT PENALTIES Any person infringing any right secured by provisions of Part IV of this Act or aiding or MYTH FACT abetting such infringement shall be guilty of a crime punishable by: Once a “work” is posted, You cannot use, copy, or ○ (a) Imprisonment of one (1) year to three it loses copyright post someone else’s (3) years plus a fine ranging from Fifty protection photo, images, song or thousand pesos (P50,000) to One articles without his/her hundred fifty thousand pesos (P150,000) permission for the first offense. I can copy a “work” online You cannot use other ○ (b) Imprisonment of three (3) years and provided I give the owner people’s “work” unless one (1) day to six (6) years plus a fine credit or a link back they have their ranging from One hundred fifty thousand permission. pesos (P150,000) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000) for the If I alter the “work” or only Derivative works are still second offense. use a part of it, I am not covered by copyright. The ○ (c) Imprisonment of six (6) years and breaching for copyright. only exception is if you one (1) day to nine (9) years plus a fine are writing a review or ranging from Five hundred thousand critique and you are pesos (P500,000) to One million five referring to the “work”, hundred thousand pesos (P1,500,000) which is considered as for the third and subsequent offenses fair use. FAIR USE If there is no copyright There is no requirement is the set of rules and guidelines that enables an symbol or notice, the display a copyright individual to access a copyright work without “work” can be freely used. symbol or register any their formal consent or paying for services “work” to have copyright ○ Criticism protection. ○ Comment ○ News Reporting I can use another You are breaching ○ Teaching people’s “work” as long I copyright whether you ○ Scholarship don’t profit financially make money or not. ○ Research from it. INSTANCES WHICH EXEMPT COPYRIGHT PERMISSION REQUESTS: 1. Taking a screenshot photo of a famous movie and turning it into a meme. 2. Citing a few lines from a song of a famous singer MORAL RIGHTS as an introduction of a book review. they are designed to protect the personal 3. Material is used for non-profit education purpose. connection between the creator/originator and 4. The material has been transformed completely the work they created from the original. 1. Right of attribution 5. The material was used for different purpose and 2. Right to have a work published audience anonymously or pseudonymously 3. Right of integrity of the work PLAGIARISM An act or instance of using or closely imitation ECONOMIC RIGHTS the language and thoughts of another author meant to ensure that the creator of a work will without authorization; the representation of that be paid by other parties if the latter use their author’s work as one’s own, as by not crediting work the original author Using other people’s words and ideas without ROYALTIES clearly acknowledging the source of the MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 9  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : information other creative works, without authorization or compensation, if compensation is appropriate COMMON KNOWLEDGE Schools enforce plagiarism while courts enforce facts that can be found in numerous places and copyright infringement. are likely to be widely known EXAMPLE: ○ John F. Kennedy was elected President 4.2 RA 10175 of the United States in 1960. This is CHAPTER I generally known information. You do not ○ Section 1. Title – This Act shall be need to document this fact. known as the “Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012”. INTERPRETATION Section 4: OFFENSES you must document facts that are not generally ○ (a) Offenses against the confidentiality, known, or ideas that interpret facts integrity and availability of computer EXAMPLE: data and systems ○ Michael Jordan is the greatest ○ (b) Computer-related Offenses basketball player ever to have played the ○ (c) Content-related Offenses game. This idea is not a fact but an interpretation or an opinion. You need to (a) Offenses against the confidentiality, integrity and cite the source. availability of computer data and systems: QUOTATION 1. Illegal Access using someone’s words directly Unauthorized access EXAMPLE: Retrieving data or making use of any ○ According to John Smith in The New resources York Times, “37% of all children under the age of 10 live below the poverty 2. Illegal Interception line”. You need to cite the source Unauthorized listening, recording, monitoring or surveillance, tapping COPY LEFT e-device a general method for making a work free, and requiring all modified and extended versions to 3. Data Interference be free as well Intentional or reckless alteration, damaging, deletion or deterioration of STRATEGIES IN AVOIDING PLAGIARISM: computer data Submit your own work for publication. You need to cite even your own work. 4. System Interference Put quotation marks around everything that Same as data interference but of on the comes directly from the text and cite the source. system or network Paraphrase, but be sure that you are not simply Hinders the functioning of a computer rearranging or replacing a few words and cite the system source. 5. Misuse of Devices Keep a source journal, a notepad, or note The use and production, sale, cardsannotated bibliographies can be especially procurement, importation, distribution beneficial and making available, without right of: Use the style manual in properly citing sources ○ Device, Computer program Get help from the writing center or library ○ computer password 6. Cyber-squatting DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PLAGIARISM AND COPYRIGHT The acquisition of a domain name over INFRINGEMENT: the internet in bad faith to profit, mislead, Plagiarism is using someone else’s work destroy reputation, and deprive others without giving proper credit – a failure to cite from registering the same adequately Copyright Infringement – is using someone (b) Computer-related offenses: else’s creative work which can include song, video, move clip, visual art, photographs and 1. Computer-related Forgery MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 10  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : inauthentic data with the intent that it be considered or acted upon for legal Section 4(a) are committed against critical purposes as if it were authentic infrastructure One degree higher (reclusion temporal) 2. Computer-related Fraud a fine of not more than PhP 500,OOO up to Unauthorized input, alteration or deletion maximum amount commensurate to the damage of data or program causing damage with incurred or both fraudulent intent Section 4(a) (5): Misuse of Devices 3. Computer-related Identity Theft Prision mayor he intentional acquisition, use, misuse, fine of not more than Php 500,000 or both transfer, possession) alteration or deletion of identifying information Section 4(c) (1): Cybersex belonging to another Prision mayor fine of atleast Php 200,000 but not exceeding 1 (c) Content-related offenses: million pesos or both 1. Cybersex 2. Child Pornography Section 4(c) (2): Child Pornography 3. Unsolicited Commercial Communications To engage in pandering in any form 4. Cyber Libel ○ Prision mayor (minimum period), 300k – 500k To wilfully access any form of child pornography Section 5: Other Offenses ○ Prision correccional (minimum period). ○ (a) Aiding or abetting in the commission 200k-300k of cybercrime ○ (* Based on RA 9775 or the Anti-Child ○ (b) Attempt in the commission of Pornography Act of 2009) cybercrime Section 4(c) (3): Unsolicited Commercial DURATION AND EFFECTS OF PENALTIES Communications Arresto mayor fine of atleast Php 50,000 but not exceeding Php PENALTY IMPRISONMENT 250,000 or both DURATION Section 4(c) (4): Cyber Libel Reclusion perpetua Atleast 30 years Prision Correcional on its maximum period (4 Reclusion temporal 12 years and 1 day to 20 years and 2months and 1 day to 6 years. years Prision Mayor on its minimum period (6 years and 1 year to 8 years) Prision mayor 6 years and 1 day to 12 Php200 to Php 6,000+ years ○ *based on Article 355 of the Revised Penal Code Prision correccional 6 months and 1 day to 6 years Section 5: Aiding/Abetting/Attempting in the Commission of Cybercrime Arresto Mayor 1 month and 1 day to 6 ○ imprisonment one (1) degree lower than months that of the prescribed penalty for the offense or a fine of at least One hundred Arresto Menor 1 day to 30 days thousand pesos (Php 100,000.00) but not exceeding Five hundred thousand pesos (Php 500, 000.00) or both. CHAPTER III PENALTIES CHAPTER IV ENFORCEMENT & Section 4(a) and 4(b): IMPLEMENTATION ○ Imprisonment of prision mayor - or a fine SECTION 10 & 11 - Law Enforcement of atleast 200,000 pesos up to maximum Authorities amount of commensurate to damage ○ The NBI and PNP - responsible for the incurred or both efficient and effective law enforcement MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 11  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : of the provisions of this Act processing your data without your consent ○ Department of Justice (DOJ) - reviews ○ Direct marketing purposes and monitors the reports of investigation ○ Profiling purposes ○ Automated processing purposes 4.3 RA 10173 THE RIGHT TO ERASURE OR BLOCKING Data Privacy Act of 2012 you have the right to suspend, withdraw or order aims to protect personal data in information and the blocking, removal or destruction of your communications systems both in the personal data government and the private sector ○ Your personal data is incomplete, National Privacy Commission (NPC) – monitors outdated, false, or unlawfully obtained the DPA of 2012 ○ It is being used for purposes you did not your personal data is treated almost literally in authorize the same way as your own personal property. Thus, it should never be collected, processed THE RIGHT TO DAMAGES and stored by any organization without your You may claim compensation if you suffered explicit consent, unless otherwise provided by damages due to inaccurate, incomplete, law. outdated, false, unlawfully obtained or unauthorized use of personal data, considering any violation of your rights and freedoms as data subject. THE RIGHT TO FILE A COMPLAINT If you feel that your personal information has been misused, maliciously disclosed, or improperly disposed, or that any of your data privacy rights have been violated, you have a right to file a complaint with the NPC THE RIGHT TO BE INFORMED THE RIGHT TO RECTIFY You have the right to dispute and have corrected any inaccuracy or error in the data a personal information controller (PIC) hold about you THE RIGHT TO ACCESS THE RIGHT TO DATA PORTABILITY This right assures that YOU remain in full control of YOUR data. Data portability allows you to obtain and electronically move, copy or transfer your data in a secure manner, for further use. 4.4 RA 10627 Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 a. Unwanted physical contact between the bully and the victim THE RIGHT TO OBJECT Punching most specifically applicable when organizations Pushing or personal information controllers are MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 12  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : Shoving the digital format Kicking True Type Font (.ttf), Open Type Font (.otf) Slapping Tickling Headlocks 5.1 TYPES OF TYPEFACES inflicting school pranks Teasing Fighting SERIF use of available objects as weapons connotes formality and readability in a large b. Any act that causes damage to a victim’s psyche amount of texts and/or emotional well-being; ○ body text of books, newspapers, c. Any slanderous statement or accusation that magazines, and research publications causes the victim undue emotional distress ○ gives a classic or elegant look when directing foul language used for title or heading profanity at the target name-calling tormenting and commenting negatively on victim’s looks, clothes and body; d. Cyber-bullying or any bullying done through the use of technology or any electronic means Repeatedly sending offensive, rude and insulting message SLAB SERIF Distributing derogatory information carries a solid or heavy look to the text about the victim ○ used for large advertising signs on Posting or sending offensive photos of billboards the victim, whether these are digitally altered or not, were taken with or without consent, with intention to humiliate and embarrass the victim Breaking into an email, social networking or any electronic account using the victim’s virtual identity to send, upload or distribute embarrassing materials to or about others Sharing the victim’s personal information or any embarrassing information or tricking the victim into revealing personal CYBERBULLYING SANS-SERIF “Acts of cruelty committed using the Internet or (without serifs): modern, objective, clean. any form of electronic media or technology that ○ Used for clear and direct meaning of has effect of stripping one’s dignity or causing text such as road signage, building reasonable fear or emotion harm” – Rep directory, nutrition facts in food Rolando Andaya Jr. packages ○ Give a modern look and is use primarily LAWS IN MEDIA AND INFORMATION in web design RA 8293 (Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines) RA 10175 (Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012) RA 10173 (Data Privacy Act of 2012) RA 10627 (Anti-Bullying Act of 2013) SCRIPT 5.0 TEXT AND INFORMATION MEDIA draws much attention to itself because of its brush-like strokes TYPEFACE ○ Usually used in wedding invitation cards Refers to the representation or style of a text in or other formal events MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 13  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : ALIGNMENT refers to how the text is positioned on the page. This can be left, right, center, or justified DECORATIVE PROXIMITY caters to a wide variety of emotions (such as refers to how near or far the text celebration, fear, horror, etc.) or themes elements are from each other ○ such as cowboys, circus, holidays, summer, kiddie, etc SIZE simply the relationship between the area occupied by one shape to that of the area occupied by another 3. COMBINE A SERIF FONT WITH A SANS-SERIF FONT 5.2 PRINCIPLES OF TYPOGRAPHY 1. FONT CHOICE 4. COMBINING TWO SIMILAR FONTS IS NOT GOOD 2. ALIGNMENT, PROXIMITY, & SIZE MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 14  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : MOODS AND OF SIMILAR TIME ERAS 5. CONTRAST IS GOOD, BUT THE WRONG COLORS CAN BE PAINFUL 9. USE DIFFERENT WEIGHTS OF FONTS IN THE SAME FAMILY 10. DON’T DISTORT TYPEFACES 6. DON’T USE TOO MANY TYPEFACES. STICK TO TWO FONTS AND USE THREE, IF IT IS A MUST 1. FONT CHOICE 2. ALIGNMENT, PROXIMITY, & SIZE 3. COMBINE A SERIF FONT WITH A SANS-SERIF FONT 4. COMBINING TWO SIMILAR FONTS IS NOT 7. SIMILARITY - DON’T MIX FONTS WITH GOOD DIFFERENT MOODS 5. CONTRAST IS GOOD, BUT THE WRONG COLORS CAN BE PAINFUL 6. DON’T USE TOO MANY TYPEFACES. STICK TO TWO FONTS AND USE THREE, IF IT IS A MUST 7. SIMILARITY - DON’T MIX FONTS WITH DIFFERENT MOODS 8. COMBINE FONTS OF COMPLIMENTARY MOODS AND OF SIMILAR TIME ERAS 9. USE DIFFERENT WEIGHTS OF FONTS IN THE SAME FAMILY 10. DON’T DISTORT TYPEFACES 5.3 ELEMENTS OF DESIGN 8. COMBINE FONTS OF COMPLIMENTARY MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 15  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : DESIGN ELEMENTS ○ The space between, or rather what is refer to the basic building blocks of images that blank, creates another image entirely if capture and convey meaning done correctly TEXT Representation of text in a design ○ Plain, Abstract, Modern ○ Serif, Sans-serif, Decorative LINE The connection between two points 5.4 PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN A series of dots joined together A guide on how design elements can be ○ Guides where you are supposed to look combined to create effective images. ○ Used to frame and emphasize other design elements ○ Creates a sense of movement ○ Straight, curves, horizontal, vertical, diagonal, thick, thin, long, short SHAPE An area enclosed by an outline.the outline can be created by actual lines or differences in color They can take on numerous forms, but they are characterized by their boundaries, which are created by lines or its surroundings Space enclosed by lines BALANCE ○ Organic, geometric, free-form Refers to the equal and tasteful distribution of design elements such as the size, texture, and TEXTURE color of objects as well as the space between The character of the surface of a shape or form. them Gives solidity, interest and feel to a design Balance does not require the art to be perfectly symmetrical or split 50/50 COLOR Asymmetry can still achieve the same effect. If Light being reflected on a surface one object is too large, it can be offset with a ○ Adds character to a design. Even series of smaller images on the other side. artwork made in grayscale must be careful with its color composition as EMPHASIS there are several shades for each and The part of the design that draws the viewer’s every color. attention on first, so it is often made to stand ○ Hue, saturation, and brightness are all out the most essential when it comes tomselecting This can be accomplished by making it larger, the right colors brighter, or sharper Adds impact and interest to a design creates a Other items in the background can be used to mood within the piece and tells a story about the enhance the presence of the object being brand emphasized ○ Primary: RBY ○ Secondary: GOP MOVEMENT ○ Complementary: Opposite on color Refers to the path viewers take when scanning wheel through the contents of a work of art ○ Warm Colors: ROY Often, our eyes are automatically guided by ○ Cool Colors: BPG specific design elements. We are drawn to what SPACE is emphasized, and we trail off from here The area between elements Typically, the most important element of the ○ Shapes can be used to create other piece is what we see first. It is then followed by shapes by utilizing the empty spaces the next most important element, and so on and left in the background so forth MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 16  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS PATTERN ADOBE IN DESIGN The repetition of a specific object, symbol, or a desktop publishing and page layout designing motif in a work of art software application produced by Adobe Inc. PROPORTION MICROSOFT PUBLISHER Refers to how well all parts relate to one another a desktop publishing application from Microsoft in terms of size. This is essential when drawing people CANVA All body parts must scale well and accurately in a free-to-use online graphic design tool order for them to align with each other anatomically and the world around them 6.0 MOTION INFORMATION AND MEDIA REPETITION MOTION MEDIA The recurrence of a specific design element, A form of media that has the appearance of such as a repeated set of colors, typefaces, or moving text and graphics on a display. Its shape purpose is to communicate in multiple ways. This differs from patterns in how it focuses less (Roblyer, 2006) on specific objects and more on other designs FRAME to create a sense of flow and consistency every graphic or image, when combined and played in sequence with other frames creates a RHYTHM motion Refers to instances where design elements are FPS - frames per second (24 fps – smooth used repeatedly to create a sense of movement animation) to make a piece of art seem more active and dynamic than dull and static RENDERING In order to achieve this effect, there must be a displaying consecutively various frames per variety of design elements. second VARIETY STORYBOARD An effect used to break the monotony of the represents the shots planned for commercial, design and create interest film, or television show (Oxford University, n.d.). Incorporating too much variety in a work of art runs the risk of cluttering it to the point that the sheer number of elements work against it 6.1 ELEMENTS OF MOTION MEDIA UNITY A. MOTION The sense that all design elements of the 1. SPEED artwork come together to create a sense of the rate at which motion occurs wholeness and completion fast movement – gives vigor and vitality, intensifying DESIGNING BILLBOARDS emotions Text and visuals must be eye-catching. slow movement – connotes Billboards typically employ shocking or lethargy, solemnity or sadness jawdropping titles and/or images to grab the 2. DIRECTION public’s attention the movement from one direction to another DESIGNING POSTERS camera pans, zooms, or They are similar to billboards in the sense that tracking shots in film or how both rely on graphics and text to spread the characters or objects move message clearly and swiftly. across a frame 3. TRANSITION the change from one scene to another ○ cut, fade, dissolve, wipe, etc. MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 17  MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY S.Y. ‘23 - ‘24 | SEM #1 Q#1 WEEK # : FADE IN/OUT Enhance realism or add When a scene fades to or from black emphasis to certain actions or events DISSOLVE 3. DIALOGUE When one scene blends into another before Conversations or narrations that being replaced entirely provide information or tell the story SMASH CUT When one scene abruptly transitions into D. EDITING another 1. PACING The speed at which scenes flow IRIS and how they are edited to When a black circle closes in on the subject to match the overall rhythm of the end a scene story. WIPES 2. CONTINUITY When the screen wipes from one side to another Ensuring that the narrative flow to play another scene is logical and seamless, avoiding abrupt or confusing INVISIBLE CUTS cuts. When transitions are disguised to create the illusion of one continuous take E. NARRATIVE storyline or message conveyed through L-CUT the motion media When the audio of the previous scene continues fictional or non-fictional to play even after a new scene is already playing combination of visual and auditory storytelling techniques J-CUT When the audio of the following scene plays F. TEXT AND GRAPHICS early, cutting in to take place during the scene Written information or graphic elements before it that may appear on screen 4. TIMING how long actions or scenes last, 6.2 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF affecting the pace and rhythm MOTION MEDIA of the media Transfer messages to many people Deliver the same message to the audience at B. VISUALS once 1. FRAMING AND COMPOSITION Multi-sensory (captures the sight and hearing of how the elements within a the audience) scene are arranged Discuss some important issues, persons, (mise-en-scene) organization or social movements 2. LIGHTING The use of light to enhance mood, highlight important elements, or create depth 3. COLOR Color palettes used to convey emotions, themes, and consistency. C. SOUND 1. MUSIC Used to set the tone or mood, evoke emotions, or support storytelling. 2. SOUND EFFECTS MIL SEM1 Q1 REVIEWER PAGE 18