Merriman Teacher Notes 9 Summer 2023 PDF
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Uploaded by MarvelousCynicalRealism2045
2023
Merriman
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Summary
These teacher notes cover economic expansion in Europe during the 16th century. Topics include global trade, agricultural productivity, and population growth. The notes also highlight the impact of European expansion on indigenous populations and the rise of global trade routes.
Full Transcript
## Economic Expansion Amsterdam emerged as a new banking/trade center (later - London also) The Global Economy - Larger ships (80 tons) crussed Atlantic w/ European goods as well as tomatoes, bell peppers, rum, spices & coffee to sea ports then other ships - Rhone, Danube Seine, sanely Berne, 157...
## Economic Expansion Amsterdam emerged as a new banking/trade center (later - London also) The Global Economy - Larger ships (80 tons) crussed Atlantic w/ European goods as well as tomatoes, bell peppers, rum, spices & coffee to sea ports then other ships - Rhone, Danube Seine, sanely Berne, 157 major trade - Antwerp 157 - England, Dutch, French staple - Increased Agricultural Productivity - Countries started East Indian Companies European pop until mid 1600s - Ottoman Empire European pop bk of exploration of Europe ships errraman to Atlantic States - Eng & France colonies in N Armenia late 1500s - Shifted from Mediterranean 1513 requerimiento - requited natives to accept Spanish rule & Christianity - Missionaries arrived, set up MISSIONS across Spanion Empire. - At least 1 million Natives enslaved - Did not view Natives a lesser by birth, but by education, could be taught to be equal (Bartolomeo de las Casas) - Obligatory encomienda - brutally freed Natives to service (like feudalism) 1542 Charles V “New Laus” tried to end slavery of natives but little effect (distance) w/ high mortality of Native ppl, Euraperans needed new labbar surce → Afnzan slaves - 1595-1640 300,000 Afnzan slaves brought to Spanish colonies in Americas in next 100 yrs) - Portuguese sugar plantations massive (5x more need for slaves - More Spanish moved to new world - mid 1500s 150,000 - end 1500s 240,500 inter marriage w/ Natives Dutch reclamation of land fromz sea (windmills, levies & dikes) - More than 36,000 acres 1590-1615 - Largely in w Europe w/ new crops (potatoes!) - E Europe still serf dependent - Increase in small Pop growth increase - Scale manufacturing - 7 putting out/cottage industry 1500s - Spanish Galleons took cinnamon from Philippines to Mexico, returned w/ silver - Peter jorde, mother of pearl silts, pareilus, shipping routes also from seville (Spain) to Caribbean to Mexico to Columbia - Balk to Europe Early globalization: - Spanish intent on setting up empire: Natives kept land already owned, all other land belonged to Spanish - Crown or conquistadores Expansion of Trade - Extended trade networks, improved banking - By mid 1500s bills of exchange - Loans & interest profit - Massively increased role of capitalist - Financed production of goods, storage, trade, Credit - Joint-stock companies - provided investments + capital by drawing of merchants to others who bought 1600 British 1602 Dutch - Led to ideas about international law. - 1609 Hugo Grotius - "The Right which Belongs to the Dutch to Take part in trade in the East India Trade" - Estab idea of seas of freedom - Trading companies technically represented interest of state - Overseas trade industry: storms, wars, pirates - Spanish kings declared bankruptcy & repudiated debts - Price Revolution and Depression - 1600 to 1600s price of wheat ↑ 425% in England, 400% in France, 650% in Poland - Cost of living ↑ wage increases
