Male Reproductive System PDF

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM CLINICAL NUTRITION REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 1. Pair of Testis DUCTS 2. Epididymis 3. Vas deferens (in*Spermatic cord) 4. Ejaculatory ducts 5. Urethra ACCESSORY GLANDS 6. Seminal vesicles 7. Prostate 8. Bulbo-urethral glands SUPPORTING ORGANS External genitalia- 9. scrotum 1...

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM CLINICAL NUTRITION REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 1. Pair of Testis DUCTS 2. Epididymis 3. Vas deferens (in*Spermatic cord) 4. Ejaculatory ducts 5. Urethra ACCESSORY GLANDS 6. Seminal vesicles 7. Prostate 8. Bulbo-urethral glands SUPPORTING ORGANS External genitalia- 9. scrotum 10. penis  Ejaculatory duct Urinary bladder Seminal vesicle Prostate Vas deferens Bulbourethral gland Penis Epididymis Urethra Testis  Scrotum This is a pouch of dark skin lying below the root of the penis. It is continuous with the skin of the perineum. The skin of the scrotum is wrinkled and helps in keeping the testis at a lower temperature than the body. Its temp is 30 lower then the abdominal temp which helps in spermatogenesis It is divided into two compartment each of it contains Testes Epididymis Lower part of spermatic cord  Testis  A pair of oval reproductive glands Lying suspended in the scrotum by the spermatic cord  The left testis is lower than the right Functions Of Testis 1. To produce sperms which are Epididymis the male gametes. 2. To produce testosterone the male hormone which controls male reproduction Spermatogenesis Clinical notes for testis Sometimes the testes do not Process of descend descend into the scrotum of testis before birth. These are called undescended testis. If the testis remain in the abdomen the person will be infertile, as sperms will not form. Male infertility can be caused by 1) Fewer sperm count i.e. less no. of sperms. Undescended 2) Abnormality of sperms in testis location shape or motility. Structure of sperm and fertilization Epididymis Epididymis is a comma shaped highly coiled single tube of 6 m length lies postrolateral to testis. Its 3 parts are Head Body Tail ---- tail continues as vas deferens Functions of epididymis maturation & storage of spermatozoa Blood supply of Testis & Epididymis Arterial supply Testicular artery- branch of abdominal aorta (L1) Venous drainage: – Testicular vein Right inferior vena cava Left left renal vein  Spermatic CORD Suspends testis in the scrotum Contents: Vas deferens Testicular artery Testicular vein (pampiniform plexus) Testicular lymph vessels Nerves Vas Deferens Vas deferens- 45 cms long muscular tube; begins at tail of epididymis Course- runs in the spermatic cord passes through inguinal canal Enters pelvic cavity beneath peritoneum to reach posterior surface of urinary bladder Functions:-to conveys mature sperms from the epididymis to the urethra. Clinical note: Vasectomy is done at upper part of scrotum for purpose of birth control.  Seminal vesicle Seminal vesicle These are located at the posterior part of the urinary bladder. It consists of a coiled tube. The seminal vesicle joins with vas deferens to form ejaculatory ducts, which open into prostatic urethra. Seminal vesicles produce some parts of semen. They add 60% to semen and adds fructose, ascorbic acid etc. Seminal vesicle cut to show the coiled structure. Uncoiled seminal vesicle shown joining the vas deferens. Ejaculatory Duct Ejaculatory duct : vas deferens joins duct of seminal vesicle to form ejaculatory duct 2cm long opens in the prostatic urethra  fibro muscular glandular organ that Prostate Gland surround the prostatic urethra Shape:-conical with apex and base,5 lobes. size :-3cm of a chestnut Location:-- Base below neck of urinary bladder Functions:-It adds 30% fluid to semen mostly enzymes  Clinical notes about prostate In old age prostate may enlarge. This compresses the urethra and causes retention of urine. Catheter has to be passed in such patients, In enlargement of prostate or cancer prostate has to be removed by surgery called prostectomy. Prostate enlargement can be diagnosed by PR rectal examination Rectal examination done by index finger and enlarged prostate can be palpated anteriorly  Male Urethra 13-20 cm long; Has an S-shaped curve. Extent :- Begins at the neck of the urinary bladder and ends at the glans Penis Parts:- Prostatic part; Membranous part; Penile part also called spongy urethra. Penis Penis is an organ of copulation Parts:- root, body and glans penis. Root attached to perineum and has 2 crura and 1 bulb Body hangs free and has the glans at the tip Glans penis- covered by foreskin or prepuce. Clinical note- circumcision of prepuce. Revision of male reproductive system  MAY ALLAH BLESS YOU