Main Memory: The Backbone of Computing PDF
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Uploaded by LovelyArithmetic
University of Raparin
Shakar Jwamer
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Summary
This presentation on main memory details its crucial role in modern computing. It explores the types of main memory, such as RAM and ROM, and discusses the functionality of different memory types. The presentation also covers memory hierarchies and the role of main memory within them, as well as memory access and addressing techniques.
Full Transcript
Main Memory: The Backbone of Computing This presentation explores the crucial role of main memory in modern computing. We will delve into its types, functionality, and impact on overall system performance. by Shakar Jwamer Introduction to Main Memory Temporary Storage...
Main Memory: The Backbone of Computing This presentation explores the crucial role of main memory in modern computing. We will delve into its types, functionality, and impact on overall system performance. by Shakar Jwamer Introduction to Main Memory Temporary Storage Fast Access Main memory acts as a temporary holding area for Compared to other storage devices, main memory data and instructions actively being used by the provides very fast access times, allowing for CPU. efficient program execution. Memory Hierarchy and the Role of Main Memory Registers 1 Fastest but smallest Cache 2 Fast, limited capacity Main Memory 3 Medium speed, large capacity Secondary Storage 4 Slow, high capacity Types of Main Memory: RAM and ROM Random Access Memory (RAM) Read-Only Memory (ROM) Volatile, data lost when power is off, used for active Non-volatile, data persists even when power is off, data and programs. used for boot instructions and system settings. Random Access Memory (RAM) 1 Volatile Memory 2 High Speed Access Data is lost when power Allows for fast data is turned off. retrieval and processing by the CPU. 3 Dynamic Nature Data must be constantly refreshed to prevent loss. Dynamic RAM (DRAM) and Static RAM (SRAM) DRAM (Dynamic RAM) SRAM (Static RAM) Uses capacitors to store data, requiring frequent Uses latches to store data, no refresh required. refreshing. More affordable and widely used. Faster but more expensive, used in specialized applications. Memory Capacity and Performance Considerations 4GB 2133MHz Capacity Speed The amount of data a Measured in megahertz, memory module can store. determines how fast data can be accessed. Memory Access and Addressing Techniques Logical Address 1 Address used by the CPU. Physical Address 2 Address used by the memory controller. Memory Mapping 3 Conversion between logical and physical addresses. Memory Management and Virtual Memory Virtual Memory Paging Allows programs to use more Divides programs into pages memory than physically and memory into frames, available by swapping data enabling virtual memory between main memory and management. disk. Emerging Memory Technologies MRAM PCRAM (Phase- (Magnetoresistive Change RAM) RAM) Uses changes in material Uses magnetic properties state for data storage, for data storage, offering providing high density high speed and and speed. endurance. RRAM (Resistive RAM) Uses electrical resistance for data storage, promising low power consumption and high speed.
